Drug tolerance and persistence in bacteria, fungi and cancer cells: Role of non-genetic heterogeneity.

A common feature of bacterial, fungal and cancer cell populations upon treatment is the presence of tolerant and persistent cells able to survive, and sometimes grow, even in the presence of usually inhibitory or lethal drug concentrations, driven by non-genetic differences among individual cells in a population. Here we review and compare data obtained on drug survival in bacteria, fungi and cancer cells to unravel common characteristics and cellular pathways, and to point their singularities. This comparative work also allows to cross-fertilize ideas across fields.

Stereolithography 3D Printing of Stimuli-Responsive Spin Crossover@Polymer Nanocomposites with Optimized Actuating Properties.

We used stereolithography to print polymer nanocomposite samples of stimuli-responsive spin crossover materials in the commercial photo-curable printing resins DS3000 and PEGDA-250. The thermomechanical analysis of the SLA-printed objects revealed not only the expected reinforcement of the polymer resins by the introduction of the stiffer SCO particles, but also a significant mechanical damping, as well as a sizeable linear strain around the spin transition temperatures. For the highest accessible loads (ca.

Physical origin of the anisotropic exchange tensor close to the first-order spin-orbit coupling regime and impact of the electric field on its magnitude.

This article follows earlier studies on the physical origin of magnetic anisotropy and the means of controlling it in polynuclear transition metal complexes. The difficulties encountered when focusing a magnetic field on a molecular object have led to consider the electric field as a more appropriate control tool. It is therefore fundamental to understand what governs the sensitivity of magnetic properties to the application of an electric field.

Intratumoral Heterogeneity Assessment of the Extracellular Bone Matrix and Immune Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma Using Digital Imaging to Predict Therapeutic Response.

The assessment of chemotherapy response in osteosarcoma (OS) based on the average percentage of viable cells is limited, as it overlooks the spatial heterogeneity of tumor cell response (foci of resistant cells), immune microenvironment, and bone microarchitecture. Despite the resulting positive classification for response to chemotherapy, some patients experience early metastatic recurrence, demonstrating that our conventional tools for evaluating treatment response are insufficient. We studied the interactions between tumor cells, immune cells (lymphocytes, histiocytes, and osteoclasts), and bone extracellular matrix (ECM) in 18 surgical resection samples of OS using multiplex and conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC: CD8, CD163, CD68, and SATB2), combined with multiscale characterization approaches in territories of good and poor response (GRT/PRT) to treatment.

Determinants of quality of life in French nursing home residents across cognitive levels: a comparative study using convergent mixed-methods.

Background: The quality of life (QoL) of nursing home residents is multifaceted and influenced by relationships, health, and activities, as per research in international literature. However, studies exploring QoL predictors considering varying cognitive impairment levels are limited in the French context. This study examined the impact of sociodemographic factors and cognitive impairment on the QoL in Alzheimer's Disease Nursing Homes (QoL-AD NH) scale scores among French nursing home residents.

The geology and evolution of the Near-Earth binary asteroid system (65803) Didymos.

Images collected during NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission provide the first resolved views of the Didymos binary asteroid system. These images reveal that the primary asteroid, Didymos, is flattened and has plausible undulations along its equatorial perimeter. At high elevations, its surface is rough and contains large boulders and craters; at low elevations its surface is smooth and possesses fewer large boulders and craters.

RNA polymerase I mutant affects ribosomal RNA processing and ribosomal DNA stability.

Transcription is a major contributor to genomic instability. The ribosomal RNA (rDNA) gene locus consists of a head-to-tail repeat of the most actively transcribed genes in the genome. RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) is responsible for massive rRNA production, and nascent rRNA is co-transcriptionally assembled with early assembly factors in the yeast nucleolus.

The D-HCM score, a new diagnostic tool for distinguishing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from hypertensive cardiopathy.

Aim: The diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with moderate hypertrophy is challenging. Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is the most common differential diagnosis that mimics the LVH of HCM. The aim of this study was to compare the QRS duration in HCM and HHD to create a novel diagnostic tool to identify primary HCM.

Impact of Cosmic Rays on Radiation Exposures and Scientific Activities at the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) Sites.

This study delves into the investigation of cosmic-ray radiation exposure levels for workers and their impact on the signal correlation subsystems at the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observatory sites. The analysis presents a detailed examination of secondary cosmic ray spectra and flux at the ALMA sites, encompassing the operational period from 2010 to the present day, with a particular focus on the consequences of extreme solar flares. In terms of radiation exposure for ALMA employees, the annual exposure at the highest site (AOS) reaches approximately 4.

Postoperative opioid-free analgesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau leveling osteotomy: a feasibility study.

Objectives: This study was designed to prospectively evaluate the feasibility of an opioid-free anesthesia protocol and describe the quality of recovery and management of postoperative analgesia in dogs after a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).

Methods: In total, 20 dogs presented for TPLO were included. After premedication with intravenous (IV) medetomidine (0.

Lower urinary tract involvement in Ehlers-Danlos and Joint Hypermobility syndromes: Review of the literature.

Introduction: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) and Joint Hypermobility syndrome (JHS) are still poorly understood, with a prevalence of 1/5000 for EDS and 1/500 for JHS. They are characterized by multisystem involvement. Urological involvement has been little studied.

Infection, vaccination and narcolepsy type 1: Evidence and potential molecular mechanisms.

NT1 is a rare, chronic and disabling neurological disease causing excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. NT1 is characterized pathologically by an almost complete loss of neurons producing the hypocretin (HCRT)/orexin neuropeptides in the lateral hypothalamus. While the exact etiology of NT1 is still unknown, numerous studies have provided compelling evidence supporting its autoimmune origin.

Body composition and aging: cross-sectional results from the INSPIRE study in people 20 to 93 years old.

Aging is characterized by several major changes, including altered body composition, which is associated with numerous negative clinical consequences such as sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and frailty. The study is to evaluate body composition parameters depending on age and sex in a population ranging from the young adult to the very old, and to identify break points in the association between body composition and age. In this cross-sectional study, we included the enrolment population of the French INSPIRE-T prospective cohort, accounting for 915 subjects (62% female).

Assessing texturometer-derived rheological data for predicting the printability of gummy formulations in SSE 3D printing.

Semi-solid extrusion (SSE), an additive manufacturing technique, is gaining significant attention for the printing of thermosensitive drugs. Hydrogels, one of the materials used in SSE, have emerged as a focus in pharmaceutical applications due to their ability to control the release of therapeutic agents spatially and temporally. Understanding the non-Newtonian flow and evaluating the mechanical properties of hydrogel-based materials during extrusion is, however, essential for successful 3D printing.

Male attractiveness is subjective to exposure to males of different attractiveness in fruit flies.

Mate choice is a crucial decision in any animal. In terms of fitness, the best mate is the one that leads to the most abundant and productive offspring. Pairing with a low-quality mate would reduce fitness, generating selection for accurate and subtle mate choice in all animal species.

Vitamin D affects the risk of disease activity in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) affects the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the impact on disease activity is controversial. We assessed whether VitD is associated with the No-Evidence of Disease Activity-3 (NEDA-3) status at 2 years from disease-modifying treatment (DMT) start, and whether this association is causal or the result of confounding factors. Furthermore, we explored if a genetic predisposition to higher VitD levels affects the risk of disease activity.

Exploring Memory Systems After Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor: From Memory Profile Comparisons in Nonirradiated Versus Irradiated Patients to Episodic Memory Tests Capable of Detecting Radiation-induced Hippocampal Damage.

Aims: Pediatric posterior fossa tumor (PFT) survivors experience long-term cognitive sequelae, including memory disorders, for which irradiation is one of the main risk factors. The aims of the present study were to (1) explore the profile of impairment in episodic, semantic, working and procedural memory systems in irradiated versus nonirradiated PFT survivors, and (2) test whether an autobiographical questionnaire and a two-phase ecological test (Epireal) assessing episodic memory are more sensitive to radiation-induced hippocampal damage than commonly used tests.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 participants (22 irradiated PFT survivors, 17 nonirradiated PFT survivors, and 21 controls) were included in the prospective IMPALA study.

Psychological and ethical issues raised by genomic in paediatric care pathway, a qualitative analysis with parents and childhood cancer patients.

In paediatric oncology, genomics raises new ethical, legal and psychological issues, as somatic and constitutional situations intersect throughout the care pathway. The discovery of potential predisposition in this context is sometimes carried out outside the usual framework. This article focuses on the views of children, adolescents, and young adults (AYA) with cancer and their parents about their experience with genomic testing.

A minor tweak in transplant surgery protocols alters the cellular landscape of the arterial wall during transplant vasculopathy.

Introduction: Transplant vasculopathy (TV) is a major complication after solid organ transplantation, distinguished by an arterial intimal thickening that obstructs the vascular lumen and leads to organ rejection. To date, TV remains largely untreatable, mainly because the processes involved in its development remain unclear. Aortic transplantation in mice, used to mimic TV, relies on highly variable experimental protocols, particularly regarding the type of anastomosis used to connect the donor aorta to the recipient.