Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes of Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis.

Background and Purpose- We aimed to analyze the long-term outcomes of patients with primary central nervous system vasculitis according to the different therapeutic strategies used to induce remission. Methods- We assessed the rate of prolonged remission (defined by the absence of relapse at ≥12 months after diagnosis) and the functional status at last follow-up in patients with primary central nervous system vasculitis included in the French cohort, who achieved a first remission according to the 3 main groups of treatments administered: glucocorticoids only (group 1); induction treatment with glucocorticoids and an immunosuppressant, but no maintenance (group 2); and combined treatment with glucocorticoids and an immunosuppressant for induction followed by maintenance therapy (group 3). Good functional status was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 at the last follow-up.

Management of patients with sickle cell disease in oral surgery. Literature review and update.

Sickle cell disease, the most common genetic disease in the world, is a chronic hemolytic disease that can be complicated by severe vaso-occlusive pain crises resulting in tissue necrosis and even death. Due to its increasing incidence, oral surgeons will inevitably be faced with the management of these patients. To limit the risk of crises, our goal is to share recommendations for the management of sickle cell patients in oral surgery.

The contribution of telemedicine to humanitarian surgery.

Telemedicine enables us to push back the geographical and interactive boundaries of medicine. With a role in humanitarian missions, it is particularly pertinent at two key stages: the preparation phase, and at postoperative follow-up after the mission. It is our intention to describe our experience of telemedicine within a humanitarian context.

Contribution of basal and postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients treated by an intensified insulin regimen: Impact of pump therapy in the OPT2mise trial.

Aims: The relative contribution of basal hyperglycaemia (BHG) and postprandial hyperglycaemia (PPHG) in type 2 diabetes patients treated with multiple daily injections (MDI) of insulin is poorly documented. In this study, the BHG and PPHG of patients from the OPT2mise study who were initially treated with MDI were assessed before randomization and again after 6 months of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII).

Materials And Methods: Blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data were collected in 259 MDI patients after completion of an 8-week run-in period.

Impact of early intravelar veloplasty at six months on mandibular growth in patients with Pierre Robin Sequence.

Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS) combines mandible microretrognathia, asynchronism of the pharynx and tongue, glossoptosis and, in some cases, cleft palate. Its principal functional consequences are respiratory and feeding problems during the neonatal period. In this study, we focused on the impact of early closure of the cleft at six months on mandibular growth in patients with PRS.

Safety of laparoscopic fundoplication in children under 5 kg: a comparative study.

Background: Laparoscopic fundoplication in children under 5 kg is still debated. Our objective was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) in children under 5 kg.

Methods: We reviewed the cases of 96 children treated by laparoscopic fundoplication between 2005 and 2014.

University education and cervical artery dissection.

Background And Purpose: We investigated whether university education is more likely in cervical artery dissection (CeAD)-patients than in age- and sex-matched patients with ischemic stroke (IS) due to other causes (non-CeAD-IS-patients).

Methods: Patients from the Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients study with documented self-reported profession before onset of IS due to CeAD (n = 715) or non-CeAD causes (n = 631) were analyzed. In the reported profession, the absence or presence of university education was assessed.

Congenital Midline Upper Lip Sinuses: 3 Rare Cases.

Congenital sinuses of the upper lip are rare congenital malformations. There have been only 40 cases described in the literature. We report 3 cases of congenital midline upper lip sinus in Caucasian children.

Tessier number 4 bilateral craniofacial cleft associated with amniotic band syndrome: 22 years of follow-up.

Tessier clefts are a very rare entity. Number 4 Tessier cleft is describe like an orbito-facial cleft with trajectory between the lower eyelid and the lip. We report management of a bilateral number 4 Tessier cleft with amniotic band syndrome with 22 years of follow-up.

Prognostic factors for survival in adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a decision-tree-based model.

We assessed prognostic factors in relation to OS from progression in recurrent glioblastomas. Retrospective multicentric study enrolling 407 (training set) and 370 (external validation set) adult patients with a recurrent supratentorial glioblastoma treated by surgical resection and standard combined chemoradiotherapy as first-line treatment. Four complementary multivariate prognostic models were evaluated: Cox proportional hazards regression modeling, single-tree recursive partitioning, random survival forest, conditional random forest.

Study of the mechanical reliability of an S-shaped adjustable osteosynthesis plate for bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. Study on 15 consecutive cases.

Introduction: The main challenge during the osteosynthesis of a bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) is to take into account the correct position of the condyle. Adjustable plates can be used to fine-tune the final occlusion without changing the osteosynthesis. A new type of adjustable plate is presented in this article.

Refinement of the equine influenza model in the natural host: A meta-analysis to determine the benefits of individual nebulisation for experimental infection and vaccine evaluation in the face of decreased strain pathogenicity.

Equine Influenza (EI) is an important respiratory disease of horses caused by H3N8 equine influenza viruses (EIV). Vaccination is a key strategy to prevent or control this disease. However, EIV undergoes continuous antigenic drift and whilst numerous EI vaccines are commercially available worldwide, an accurate evaluation of their efficacy is frequently required through clinical trials conducted in the natural host.

Repetitive F-FDG-PET/CT in patients with large-vessel giant-cell arteritis and controlled disease.

Objective: F-FDG PET/CT can detect large-vessel involvement in giant-cell arteritis (GCA) with a good sensitivity. In patients with clinically and biologically controlled disease, we aimed to assess how vascular uptakes evolve on repetitive FDG-PET/CT.

Patients And Methods: All included patients had to satisfy the 4 following criteria: 1) diagnosis of GCA was retained according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology or based on the satisfaction of 2 criteria associated with the demonstration of large-vessel involvement on FDG-PET/CT; 2) all patients had a positive PET/CT that was performed at diagnosis before treatment or within the first 10days of treatment; 3) another FDG-PET/CT was performed after at least 3months of controlled disease without any relapse; 4) patients were followed-up at least for 12months.

Is inhibitory control involved in discriminating pseudowords that contain the reversible letters b and d?

Children tend to confuse reversible letters such as b and d when they start learning to read. According to some authors, mirror errors are a consequence of the mirror generalization (MG) process that allows one to recognize objects independently of their left-right orientation. Although MG is advantageous for the visual recognition of objects, it is detrimental for the visual recognition of reversible letters.

Immunogenicity of phospholipase A toxins and their role in Streptococcus equi pathogenicity.

Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (S. equi) is the causative agent of strangles, one of the most frequently diagnosed infectious diseases of horses worldwide.

Giant-Cell Arteritis: Do We Treat Patients with Large-Vessel Involvement Differently?

Purpose: We aimed to describe the initial treatment that was used in a common hospital-based practice in patients with giant-cell arteritis with and without large-vessel involvement at diagnosis as well as the outcomes in both groups.

Methods: This retrospective multi-center cohort included patients with giant-cell arteritis diagnosed between 2005 and 2015, all of whom had fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) performed at giant-cell arteritis diagnosis and were followed up for ≥12 months. We compared the features, treatment, and outcomes of patients with large-vessel involvement demonstrated on FDG-PET/CT with those of patients with a negative PET/CT.

Genetic Imbalance in Patients with Cervical Artery Dissection.

Background: Genetic and environmental risk factors are assumed to contribute to the susceptibility to cervical artery dissection (CeAD). To explore the role of genetic imbalance in the etiology of CeAD, copy number variants (CNVs) were identified in high-density microarrays samples from the multicenter CADISP (Cervical Artery Dissection and Ischemic Stroke Patients) study and from control subjects from the CADISP study and the German PopGen biobank. Microarray data from 833 CeAD patients and 2040 control subjects (565 subjects with ischemic stroke due to causes different from CeAD and 1475 disease-free individuals) were analyzed.

Maintenance therapy is associated with better long-term outcomes in adult patients with primary angiitis of the central nervous system.

Objective: We aimed to analyse the effect of maintenance therapy after induction on the outcomes of adult patients with primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS).

Methods: We analysed long-term outcomes (relapse, survival and functional status) of patients enrolled in the French multicentre PACNS cohort who achieved remission after induction treatment and with ⩾12 months' follow-up, according to whether or not they received maintenance therapy. Good outcome was defined as relapse-free survival and good functional status (modified Rankin scale ⩽ 2) at last follow-up.

Genetic evolution of equine influenza virus strains (H3N8) isolated in France from 1967 to 2015 and the implications of several potential pathogenic factors.

Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a major respiratory pathogen of horses despite the availability of equine influenza vaccines. This study aimed to determine genetic evolution of EIV strains in France between 1967 to present. A whole genome comparative analysis was also conducted on recent French strains in order to identify potential factors of pathogenicity.

Neonatal and maternal outcomes of pregnancy with maternal cardiac disease (the NORMANDY study) : Years 2000-2014.

Pregnancies complicated by congenital or acquired heart diseases are at high risk of maternal, obstetrical and neonatal poor outcomes. During the period 2000-2014, 197 pregnancies occurring in 147 women with heart disease were managed in our institution. A maternal cardiac event complicated 13 pregnancies.

ADAMTS-4 in central nervous system pathologies.

ADAMTS-4 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs type 4) is a metalloproteinase specialized in the degradation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, contributing to cartilage breakdown during arthritis. In this review, we first focus on the modifications of ADAMTS-4 expression during CNS physiological and pathological conditions, including chronic diseases and injuries. Then, we discuss the contributions of ADAMTS-4 to mechanisms mediating neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration during spinal cord injury, ischemic stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease.

Adult primary angiitis of the central nervous system: isolated small-vessel vasculitis represents distinct disease pattern.

Objectives: We aimed to identify whether presentations and outcomes in adult patients with isolated small-vessel primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS) would differ from other patients with large/medium-vessel involvement.

Methods: In the French PACNS cohort, we compared the characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with isolated small-vessel disease (normal CT, MR and/or conventional angiograms, brain biopsy positive for vasculitis) with other patients who had large/medium-vessel involvement (vessel abnormalities on CT, MR or conventional angiograms). A good functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale ⩽2 at last follow-up, regardless of the occurrence of relapse.

Adolescents' inhibitory control: keep it cool or lose control.

Inhibitory control (i.e., the ability to resist automatisms, temptations, distractions, or interference and to adapt to conflicting situations) is a determinant of cognitive and socio-emotional development.

Management of Large Maxillomandibular Osteofibrous Dysplasia as Part of a Humanitarian Mission.

Purpose: Maxillomandibular ossifying fibroma is a benign tumor that affects young adults. Complete excision can allow satisfactory management with no recurrence. During a humanitarian mission, one is confronted with many types of damage from these fibromas.