Physical Activity Monitoring in Children in the 1-Year After 3 or More Days of Invasive Ventilation: Feasibility of Using Accelerometers.

Objectives: To measure physical activity in a cohort of children who survived greater than or equal to 3 days of invasive ventilation.

Design: Prospective cohort study (2018-2021).

Setting: Quaternary children's hospital PICU.

Use of Digital Health in Pediatric Asthma.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by variable, reversible airway obstruction and hyper-responsive airways. In the United States, it is estimated nearly 25 million adults and children have asthma with over 4 million being children. Despite national and global asthma management guidelines, 44% of children report poor asthma control, resulting in higher health care utilization, greater number of missed work/school days, and poorer quality of life, all contributing to the United States' economic burden of more than $80 billion annually.

Social Determinants and Quality of Life in Food Allergy Management and Treatment.

Food allergies (FA) significantly affect the quality of life (QOL) and health-related QOL of patients and families managing this chronic condition. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are pivotal nonmedical factors that influence health outcomes and exacerbate disparities in FA diagnosis, treatment, and management. The five domains of SDOH (economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context) shape the lived experiences of individuals with FA.

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis in Zebrafish Embryos Is Susceptible to False-Positive Results in the Absence of Differentially Expressed Genes.

High-throughput gene expression studies commonly employ pathway analyses to infer biological meaning from lists of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In toxicology and pharmacology studies, treatment groups are analysed against vehicle controls to identify DEGs and altered pathways. Previously, we empirically quantified false-positive rates of DEGs in gene expression data from pools of vehicle-treated zebrafish embryos to determine appropriate study designs (sample and pool size).

Cancer interventions with faith-based organizations: a scoping review.

Purpose: Faith-based organizations (FBOs) have been recognized as a critical partner to reach underserved, marginalized populations in the U.S. for disease prevention and health promotion.

Approach to the Patient: Type 1 Diabetes Management with Exercise - Prepare, Perform, Stabilize, and Study.

Management of type 1 diabetes during physical activity and exercise remains challenging despite advancements in diabetes technology, including continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. Approach to the patient as a health care provider (HCP) involves careful consideration of numerous patient-specific goals and factors including a patient's motivations for regular physical activity and exercise, patient baseline characteristics and exercise self-management knowledge base, features of the activity types being planned and/or performed, the timing of the various activities in relation to meals and insulin dosing, and the type of insulin therapy and other medications that may be used. Here we present a novel systematic approach to the patient and guidelines for clinical consultation using a "Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How" approach and consideration of the 4 key phases of exercise management: before, during, after, and between episodes - described here as Prepare, Perform, Stabilize, and Study.

The mediating role of physical activity on cognitive disparities in cancer survivors.

This study examined the association of physical activity (PA) with cognitive difficulties (CD) and education, income, poverty, and age among cancer survivors (CS) using data from the 2020 National Health Interview Survey. Causal mediation analysis was tested using the bootstrapping method to examine associations between PA, cognitive difficulties, and other sociodemographic characteristics. Results showed statistically significant disparities in both CD and physical inactivity among CS with low education, low income, high poverty, and certain age categories.

Informal Care Receiving among Older Adults: The Role of Multimorbidity and Intersectional Social Position.

Background And Objectives: Older adults with distinct multimorbidity combinations may require varying intensities of informal care and these needs may vary in important ways by race/ethnicity and sex. This study aims to examine informal care-receiving characteristics among older adults with varying multimorbidity patterns and race/ethnicity-sex characteristics.

Research Design And Methods: 4,875 participants from the National Health and Aging Trends Study were included.

EXPRESS: Metformin; Its Salutary Effects Beyond Diabetes Mellitus.

Metformin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, is commonly used in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Studies have shown its use is associated with reduction in major cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes such as hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or cardiovascular death. [1-6] There is also a suggestion that metformin may have effects beyond those relating to lowering of blood sugar.

Arkansas Medical Marijuana Certifications: Higher-Volume Physicians Associated With Less Evidence Of Care Coordination.

Patients' access to medical marijuana has dramatically increased despite the lack of Food and Drug Administration approval. In this study, we profiled individuals and the conditions for which they were certified for medical marijuana, and we examined the evidence of coordination with their physicians providing traditional care. Within two years of initiation, medical marijuana was approved for 3.

Tranexamic acid as treatment for acute gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common and potentially life-threatening medical emergency. Despite advancements in therapy, mortality rates associated with GI bleeding remain high (2.4% to 11%).

Gestational weight gain and increased risk of cesarean delivery across body mass index categories.

Background: Unnecessary cesarean delivery can have negative implications for both mothers and infants. In the United States, the proportion of women undergoing cesarean delivery exceeds the acceptable World Health Organization proportion. Reducing cesarean deliveries is a national goal of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Healthy People 2030, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health.

Simultaneous Presentation of Relapsed Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in a Patient With HIV: A Case Report.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a strong risk factor for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) and tuberculosis. Both DLBCL and tuberculosis can have remarkably similar clinical presentations, proving to be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. We report the only known case of an HIV-infected individual who presented simultaneously with relapsed DLBCL in the form of spinal cord involvement and tuberculosis of the mesenteric lymph nodes.

Pre-trained convolutional neural networks identify Parkinson's disease from spectrogram images of voice samples.

Machine learning approaches including deep learning models have shown promising performance in the automatic detection of Parkinson's disease. These approaches rely on different types of data with voice recordings being the most used due to the convenient and non-invasive nature of data acquisition. Our group has successfully developed a novel approach that uses convolutional neural network with transfer learning to analyze spectrogram images of the sustained vowel /a/ to identify people with Parkinson's disease.

Reproductive Health Counseling and Outcomes Among Women With Congenital Heart Defects: Results From the Congenital Heart Survey to Recognize Outcomes, Needs, and Well-Being, 2016-2019.

Background: Guidelines recommend tailored reproductive health counseling for women with congenital heart defects (CHDs) beginning in adolescence, yet provider adherence to recommendations remains understudied, particularly outside specialized cardiac care settings.

Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study among women aged 19 to 38 with CHDs, identified from active population-based birth defects registries in three states. Participants completed surveys from 2016 to 2019, including questions about contraception, pregnancy counseling, concerns, and experiences.

Lifestyle Modifications and Nonpharmacological Treatments in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Multimodal treatment plans are essential for effectively managing hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). To optimize patient outcomes, conventional medical and surgical treatments should be integrated with lifestyle changes and nonpharmacologic modalities. This review offers an evidence-based guide to the most studied and recommended lifestyle changes and complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities for patients with HS.

Mitochondria in aging and age-associated diseases.

Mitochondria, essential for cellular energy, are crucial in neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) and their age-related progression. This review highlights mitochondrial dynamics, mitovesicles, homeostasis, and organelle communication. We examine mitochondrial impacts from aging and NDDs, focusing on protein aggregation and dysfunction.

Long-Term Safety of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy in Peanut-Allergic Children: An Open-Label Active Treatment (REALISE Study).

Background: Due to limited treatment options for peanut allergy, patients remain at risk for allergic reactions due to accidental exposure. Epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) is a novel treatment being investigated for peanut allergy.

Objective: This study assessed long-term safety of EPIT with VIASKIN® peanut patch 250 μg (VP250) via an open-label extension of the REAL Life Use and Safety of EPIT (REALISE) trial.

A Scoping Review of Protective Factors That Contribute to Posttraumatic Wellbeing for Trauma-Exposed Military Service Members and Veterans.

Military service members experience higher levels of cumulative trauma than the general population, increasing their risk of mental health problems. This scoping review synthesizes evidence on protective factors that contribute to posttraumatic wellbeing among military service members and veterans. and databases were searched using keywords for military/veterans, traumatic event exposure, posttraumatic stress, and wellbeing outcomes (e.

Factors Enhancing Resilience Among Youth Exposed to Macro-Level Violence in Spanish-Speaking Countries in Latin America.

This scoping review aimed to synthesize current literature on strengths associated with resilience and well-being among youth in Spanish-speaking Latin American countries exposed to macro-level violence and by type of exposure (i.e., political, community, and anti-LGBTQ+ violence and child soldiers)-guided by the Resilience Portfolio Model (RPM).

A customized bed based stand alone array of optically pumped magnetometers for fetal magnetocardiography measurements.

Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) is a non-invasive technique that measures the magnetic fields associated with fetal heart electrical activity outside of the maternal abdomen. fMCG has high temporal precision for measuring fetal heart rate and its variability which reflects fetal neurodevelopment. Free of cryogenics and low-cost sensors called microfabricated optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) have emerged as an alternate to cryogenic SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) systems to record fMCG.

SPIRIT-CONSORT-TM: a corpus for assessing transparency of clinical trial protocol and results publications.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can produce valid estimates of the benefits and harms of therapeutic interventions. However, incomplete reporting can undermine the validity of their conclusions. Reporting guidelines, such as SPIRIT for protocols and CONSORT for results, have been developed to improve transparency in RCT publications.

Mammographic density as a predictor of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ in over six million South Korean women.

Purpose: Evidence on the associations between categorical mammographic density and breast cancer risk by tumor invasiveness remains limited in Asian women. This large, population-based cohort study investigated the distribution of mammographic density by age and menopausal status, as well as its association with the risks of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in South Korean women.

Methods: Mammographic screening was performed on 6,365,522 women between 2009 and 2014 through the Korean National Cancer Screening Program.