Generation of Risk Score for Serious Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Induced Cardiovascular Events (NAÏVE) Among Active-Duty Service Members and Veterans.

Importance: This study addresses the critical need for an evidence-based instrument to assess the likelihood of NSAID-induced cardiovascular events, that provides clinicians with valuable decision support to improve safety in their use for pain management, especially in patients vulnerable to cardiovascular events.

Objective: To develop a practical risk scoring tool, NSAID Induced Cardiovascular Events (NAÏVE), for estimating the risk of serious cardiovascular events associated with NSAID use.

Design: Retrospective nested case-control study.

NAPQI is absent in the mouse brain after Sub-hepatotoxic and hepatotoxic doses of acetaminophen.

Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most-used over-the-counter analgesic among pregnant women. However, concerns have arisen over the safety of APAP exposure during gestation. In particular, it's been speculated that the hepatotoxic metabolite of APAP, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), forms in the brain after maternal use of therapeutic APAP doses and leads to neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).

Suppression of stress granule formation is a vulnerability imposed by mutant p53.

Missense mutations in the TP53 (p53) gene have been linked to malignant progression. However, our in-silico analyses reveal that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with mutant p53 (mutp53) have better overall survival compared to those with p53-null (p53) HCC, unlike other cancer types. Given the historical use of sorafenib (SOR) monotherapy for advanced HCC, we hypothesize that mutp53 increases sensitivity to SOR, a multikinase inhibitor that induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.

Early Readmissions of Necrotizing Pancreatitis in the US: Where Do We Stand?

Background: Necrotizing pancreatitis (NP), a severe form of pancreatitis characterized by necrosis of pancreatic tissue, is associated with a significant health care burden worldwide. In this study, we assess early readmissions of NP in the US.

Methods: The National Readmission Database from 2016 to 2020 was utilized to identify all index and 30-day readmissions of NP in the US.

Management of gastrointestinal bleed in the intensive care setting, an updated literature review.

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a critical and potentially life-threatening condition frequently observed in the intensive care unit (ICU). This literature review consolidates current insights on the epidemiology, etiology, management, and outcomes of GI bleeding in critically ill patients. GI bleeding remains a significant concern, especially among patients with underlying risk factors such as coagulopathy, mechanical ventilation, and renal failure.

Magnetomyographic assessment of pelvic floor muscles compared to ultrasound during pregnancy.

Maternal birth injury contributes to future pelvic floor disorders, yet we possess an incomplete understanding of the levator ani muscles during pregnancy. We applied a noninvasive magnetomyography technique to characterize levator ani muscle activity in pregnancy with ultrasound and clinical exam. Magnetomyographic measures of levator ani muscle activity were collected using a noninvasive biomagnetic sensor from 53 pregnant women during rest and voluntary muscle contractions of varying intensity.

Impact of the metabolic disease status in obesity and surgical weight loss on human adipose tissue bioenergetics.

Obesity is associated with insulin resistance (IR) development, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). How mitochondrial bioenergetics, in adipose tissue (AT), differs according to distinct metabolic profiles (i.e.

Financial Performance of Hospital Telehealth Adopters, Nonadopters, and Switchers: A Rural-Urban Comparison.

Goals: The adoption of telehealth in healthcare delivery has transformed patient treatment options. Urban and rural hospitals are increasingly using telehealth to reach more patients, improve patient engagement, and increase healthcare quality. Hospitals experience the operational benefits of adopting telehealth through improving clinical workflow, increasing efficiency, and improving patient satisfaction.

Long-term outcomes of Ahmed ClearPath in childhood glaucoma: four-year results.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of the Ahmed ClearPath (ACP) valveless glaucoma drainage device in childhood glaucoma.

Methods: In this multicenter study, the medical records of all patients ≤18 years of age who underwent ACP implantation and had at least 4 years of follow-up were reviewed retrospectively. The outcome measures included the success rate, reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP), the reduction in glaucoma medications, and the complication rate.

Reduced removal of waste products from energy metabolism takes center stage in human brain aging.

Despite extensive research on neuroimaging correlates of human brain aging, there is little mechanistic insight into how they are linked to loss of brain function. Previous studies on the role of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in supporting brain function have focused on delivery of nutrients, namely oxygen and glucose. However, CBF is required also to clear the byproducts of energy metabolism, namely CO and protons.

Effect of non-invasive ventilation on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major complication of prematurity, leading to long-term pulmonary morbidity. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is associated with ventilator-induced lung injury, oxygen toxicity, and inflammation, all contributing to BPD pathogenesis. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has emerged as a key strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of BPD.

Orientin: a comprehensive review of a promising bioactive flavonoid.

Medicinal herbs continue to play an important part in modern drugs and healthcare because customers think that most of them have fewer or milder side effects than traditional modern medicines. Bioactive compounds are typically isolated from plants before being used as a source of therapeutic medicines. As a result, extracting bioactive compounds from medicinal plants is an important step in developing plant-based medications.

Ocular manifestations secondary to cocaine abuse - A reviewRunning head: Ocular Complications of Cocaine Abuse.

Cocaine, a prevalent drug of abuse, is associated with numerous systemic health complications, including significant ocular manifestations. These ocular effects range from mild to severe, with the potential for irreversible vision loss. Despite the extensive documentation of cocaine's systemic effects, the literature still lacks a focused review of its ocular manifestations.

Bone Health Screening in Persons With Bleeding Disorders: A Survey of United States Haemophilia Treatment Centres.

Background: Despite reports of elevated rates of osteoporosis and fractures in persons with haemophilia (PwH) and von Willebrand disease (PwVWD), routine bone health screening using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans is not consistently implemented for this population across all Haemophilia Treatment Centres (HTCs) in the United States.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to examine rates of screening for bone health in PwH and PwVWD with vitamin D levels and DEXA scans.

Methods: We conducted a survey of all federally funded HTCs nationwide from June 2023 to August 2023.

Objective Assessment and Quantification of Skin Color and Melanin in Neonates and Infants: A State-Of-The-Art Review.

Neonatal skin color, especially melanin assessment, remains an underexplored topic in neonatology and dermatology literature. Growing concerns about racial bias in pulse oximeters in adults highlight the need for objective assessment of skin color to investigate if skin pigmentation contributes to the inaccuracy. While skin color scales and cutaneous colorimetric devices have been utilized in adult dermatology for various applications, their use and effectiveness in neonates and infants are not well understood.

Racial and ethnic disparity in obstetric anaesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetrics persist globally despite improvements in maternal mortality rates and are related to access, experience and outcomes. We aimed to elucidate the racial and ethnic disparity in obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia.

Methods: Databases were searched and we included studies published in the English language conducted in all countries.

Blood pressure levels and risk of end-stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention: a nationwide population-based study.

We investigated the effect of differential blood pressure (BP) levels on future end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and established coronary artery disease with a previous record of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Using health check-up data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (2015-2016), we analyzed 80,187 T2DM patients with a history of PCI. Patients were categorized by BP levels measured: systolic BP < 120, 120-129 (reference), 130-139, 140-149, and ≥150 mmHg; diastolic BP < 70, 70-79 (reference), 80-89, and ≥90 mmHg.

Serum metabolic signatures and MetalnFF diagnostic score for mild and moderate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

To explore serum metabolic changes in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with mild or moderate steatosis and develop a diagnostic index based on liver fat content to differentiate these stages. A total of 149 participants were enrolled from the Nutrition Health Atlas Project in 2019 (Stage 1, n = 92) and 2022 (Stage 2, n = 57). Serum levels of amino acids, free fatty acids (FFAs) and other organic acids were quantified using liquid or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Health-Related Quality of Life for Persons Treated or Monitored for Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions (AMC-A01).

Purpose: The Anal Cancer/High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) trial demonstrated that treating precancerous anal HSIL reduces the incidence of anal cancer by 57% in people with HIV. It remains unclear how HSIL treatment or monitoring without treatment affects patient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We evaluated differences in HRQoL for individuals who were randomly assigned to active monitoring (AM) or treatment for anal HSIL.

Physical Activity Monitoring in Children in the 1-Year After 3 or More Days of Invasive Ventilation: Feasibility of Using Accelerometers.

Objectives: To measure physical activity in a cohort of children who survived greater than or equal to 3 days of invasive ventilation.

Design: Prospective cohort study (2018-2021).

Setting: Quaternary children's hospital PICU.

Use of Digital Health in Pediatric Asthma.

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by variable, reversible airway obstruction and hyper-responsive airways. In the United States, it is estimated nearly 25 million adults and children have asthma with over 4 million being children. Despite national and global asthma management guidelines, 44% of children report poor asthma control, resulting in higher health care utilization, greater number of missed work/school days, and poorer quality of life, all contributing to the United States' economic burden of more than $80 billion annually.