Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of dementia characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau proteins in the brain. While clinical observations are typically used for AD diagnosis, postmortem studies have revealed individuals without dementia symptoms but with high AD pathology, known as resilient individuals. Calcium permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) have been implicated in the calcium dyshomeostasis of AD, but it is unclear whether they are found or behave differently at the electrophysiological level in resilient and control individuals compared to AD patients.

Dual Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 3CL Protease and Human Cathepsin L Containing Glutamine Isosteres Are Anti-CoV-2 Agents.

SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease (Main protease) and human cathepsin L are proteases that play unique roles in the infection of human cells by SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. Both proteases recognize leucine and other hydrophobic amino acids at the P position of a peptidomimetic inhibitor. At the P position, cathepsin L accepts many amino acid side chains, with a partial preference for phenylalanine, while 3CL-PR protease has a stringent specificity for glutamine or glutamine analogues.

Primary gastric T-cell lymphoma presenting with perforation: a case report and review of the literature.

Primary gastric T-cell lymphomas (PGTL) are exceedingly rare with an estimated incidence of 0.0091 per 100,000 person-years, affecting mainly elderly males. PGTL can present with a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms, but patients only rarely present with perforation.

Body mass index and trajectories of muscle strength and physical function over time in Mexican American older adults: Sex differences.

Background And Aims: Worldwide, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased. We examined sex-specific patterns in the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with muscle strength and physical function among older Mexican Americans over time.

Methods And Results: Participants (N = 1975) aged ≥65 years (mean = 72.

Prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma in the United States: SEER cross-sectional study.

Primary Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a rare cancer caused by human herpesvirus-8 that most often affects people with compromised immune systems. Since knowledge of the relationship between disease and sociodemographic factors contributes to the development of precision medicine, we investigated the prevalence of KS within the US population. Using SEER, we found that the Black population had the highest prevalence rate in 2018 compared to other racial groups.

Fecal microbiome alterations of mice following immunization with gold nanoparticle vaccines against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Background: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), a group of enteric pathogenic bacteria that is a major cause of human diarrheal disease, must interact with the diverse intestinal microbiome during colonization and subsequently overcome the environmental challenges to survive and cause disease. While this relationship, and how the microbiome modulates infection of EHEC, has been studied, it is less understood how the microbiome is impacted during treatment for an EHEC infection. One area that is notably lacking in knowledge is how vaccination can impact the intestinal microbiome composition, and therefore, influence vaccine efficacy.

Elevated Risk of Medical and Implant-Related Complications in Patients with Hypothyroidism After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A 1:1 Propensity Matched Cohort Analysis.

Background: There is currently limited work that evaluates the effect of co-morbid hypothyroidism on complications and outcomes following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). This study aims to evaluate the impact of hypothyroidism on 90-day medical complications as well as 2-year implant related complications and revision rates following TSA.

Methods: This retrospective database analysis evaluated patients who underwent TSA between October 1, 2015, and March 9, 2022.

Cargo exchange between human and bacterial extracellular vesicles in gestational tissues: a new paradigm in communication and immune development.

Host-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria interactions can be facilitated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by both human and bacterial cells. Human and bacterial EVs (BEVs) propagate and transfer immunogenic cargos that may elicit immune responses in nearby or distant recipient cells/tissues. Hence, direct colonization of tissues by bacterial cells is not required for immunogenic stimulation.

Physical Performance Effects Associated with a 16-Week Therapeutic Yoga Intervention in Survivors of Cancers in the South Texas Region: A Pilot Study.

Yoga is recognized as a complementary practice that improves physical, mental, and spiritual health in survivors of cancer. The present study assessed associations between a holistic approach and physical function for 30 survivors of cancer in south Texas. Cancer survivors (86% female) of diverse backgrounds (62% underrepresented minorities) performed a battery of physical function tests, including a 6-minute walk test, to assess cardiorespiratory function, isometric shoulder and elbow-flexor strength, dominant-arm grip strength, dominant-arm shoulder range of motion via inclinometer, sit-and-reach test to assess trunk and lower-extremity flexibility, and a 30-second sit-to-stand test to assess lower-extremity endurance.

Clock-Sleep Communication.

Rhythmicity is a characteristic feature of the inanimate universe. The organization of biological rhythms in time is an adaptation to the cyclical environmental changes brought on by the earth's rotation on its axis and around the sun. Circadian (L.

Prevalence of Stress and Burnout in Physical Therapist Clinical Instructors.

Introduction: This study investigates the prevalence of stress and burnout among Physical Therapy Clinical Instructors (PT CIs) using the Perceived Stress Scale - 10 (PSS-10) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) surveys. Given the critical role of PT CIs in student education, understanding their stress and burnout levels is essential.

Review Of Literature: The, PSS-10, a 10-item self-report survey, measures perceived stress with scores ranging from 0 to 40.

Perceived usability and acceptability of the My-Hip Fracture risk communication tool from the perspective of academic clinicians.

Objective: We evaluated the usability and acceptability of My-Hip Fracture (My-HF), a web application that assists providers in delivering individualized prognostic information to patients hospitalized for hip fracture (HF).

Methods: We observed a sample of 16 clinicians as they navigated My-HF. We then administered a structured questionnaire and conducted semi-structured interviews to explore participants' opinions about the app's content and the feasibility of incorporating the app into clinical workflows.

Pellino-1, a therapeutic target for control of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity.

Enhanced expression of Pellino-1 (Peli1), a ubiquitin ligase is known to be associated with COVID-19 susceptibility. The underlying mechanisms are not known. Here, we report that mice deficient in Peli1 (Peli1) had reduced viral load and attenuated inflammatory immune responses and tissue damage in the lung following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

disrupts and reduces endothelial tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 in association with inflammasome activation.

spp. cause life-threatening diseases in humans. The fundamental pathophysiological changes in fatal rickettsial diseases are disrupted endothelial barrier and increased microvascular permeability.

Detection of neutralizing antibodies against arboviruses from liver homogenates.

Yellow fever virus (YFV) circulates in a sylvatic cycle between non-human primates (NHPs) and arboreal mosquitoes in Brazil. Passive monitoring of ill or deceased NHPs is a key component of the Brazilian yellow fever (YF) surveillance program. Samples from NHPs carcasses are usually suitable for molecular tests but not for serological assays.

Efficient Expression of Oropouche Virus Nonstructural Proteins NSs and NSm.

Oropouche fever, a mosquito- or midge-borne emerging zoonotic disease endemic to South and Central America, manifests as a dengue-like acute febrile illness with occasional occurrences of meningitis or meningoencephalitis. The causative agent, Oropouche virus (OROV), belongs to the genus Orthobunyavirus within the family Peribunyaviridae. Its tripartite negative-sense RNA genome comprises small (S), medium (M), and large (L) segments, encoding structural N, Gn/Gc, and L proteins, respectively.

A New Clinical Test to Evaluate Intrinsic Foot Muscle Function.

Background: Intrinsic foot muscle weakness has been implicated in a wide range of forefoot conditions and is typically measured by the paper grip test. The proposed "knuckle test" is intended to evaluate intrinsic foot muscle function, in which active flexion of toes makes the metatarsal heads ("knuckles") prominent in the forefoot. This study seeks to compare prevalence of negative knuckle test results and intrinsic muscle weakness in patients, primarily by association with a positive paper grip test result and secondarily with presence of toe deformities.

Impact of Reach Height on Estimated Rotator Cuff Compression Risk in Manual Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injury.

Reaching is a common daily activity requiring a range of humeral elevation that contributes to rotator cuff compression. The purpose of this study was to estimate supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon compression risk relative to the acromion and coracoacromial ligament during reaching by manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate 8 participants (7 males, median [range] age 36 y [23-61]).

Bridging the Gap between Dermatology and Psychiatry: A Review on Quality of Life in Trichotillomania and Special Considerations in Management.

Background: Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hair pulling disorder, is a chronic disorder that often leads to considerable emotional distress and functional impairment in affected individuals. Despite the strong underlying psychiatric component of TTM, the majority of individuals suffering from TTM initially may present to dermatologists because of their hair loss. This necessitates awareness and early recognition of TTM as well as familiarity with the unique considerations for its management.

Community Engagement Studios to advance multi-site research with older adults.

Introduction: Operationalizing multi-site Community Engagement (CE) Studios to inform a research program is valuable for researchers. We describe the process and outcomes of hosting three CE Studios with Community Experts aged 65 years or older with chronic conditions and care partners of older adults. Experts gave feedback about processes for testing the feasibility, efficacy, effectiveness, and implementation of audio recording clinic visits and sharing recordings with patients who have multimorbidity and their care partners.

Fecal Microbiome Alterations of Mice Following Immunization with Gold Nanoparticle Vaccines Against Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.

Background: Enterohemorrhagic (EHEC), a group of enteric pathogenic bacteria that is a major cause of human diarrheal disease, must interact with the diverse intestinal microbiome during colonization and subsequently overcome the environmental challenges to survive and cause disease. While this relationship, and how the microbiome modulates infection of EHEC, has been studied, it is less understood how the microbiome is impacted during treatment for an EHEC infection. One area that is notably lacking in knowledge is how vaccination can impact the intestinal microbiome composition, and therefore, influence vaccine efficacy.