156 results match your criteria: "the University of Bath[Affiliation]"

A shift to a diet with low or no red meat is considered necessary to end the environmental and health impacts caused by the current overconsumption of red meat. The self-regulated behavior change stage model (SSBC) proposes that people who intend to change their behavior progress through a series of discrete cognitive stages until, ultimately, they engage in the new behavior. However, what the consequences of habitual behaviors are for the initiation and progression through the stages of change have not yet been fully elucidated or investigated.

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Enhancing the trustworthiness of pain research: A call to action.

J Pain

November 2024

Dept of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London, UK.

Article Synopsis
  • * Critical issues in research include poor governance, lack of diversity, inadequate stakeholder engagement, and issues with data transparency and reporting, which can lead to misguided clinical practices and low value care.
  • * The article proposes the ENTRUST-PE framework to enhance the reliability of pain research, aiming to build trust among stakeholders and calling for collective action to improve the quality and outcomes of pain science.
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Introduction: In the face of a future predicted to be one defined by an increase in the Earth's surface temperature, and the associated extreme weather events, distressing emotional responses are understandable. Climate scientists comprise a unique group, in that they are deeply and consistently faced with the current reality, and consequences of, climate change. 'Ecological distress', a term to describe climate-related emotional experiences, can include feelings of grief, anxiety, and hopelessness proportionate to the existential threat of climate change.

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Redman, KJ, Wade, L, Whitley, R, Connick, MJ, Kelly, VG, and Beckman, EM. Seasonal muscular power changes: considerations of concurrent resistance and field-based training in professional rugby league. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): 1620-1626, 2024-A rugby league player's ability to develop or maintain lower-body power will be significantly influenced by the resistance and field-based training loads completed.

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Evidence suggests that social identities, which provide purpose and a sense of belonging, enhance resilience against psychological strain and safeguard well-being. This applies to first-generation migrant populations facing adverse experiences, including prejudice and disconnection from previous identities during host country integration, negatively impacting their well-being. The importance of social identity also extends to first-generation migrant descendants, confronting dual-identity challenges and experiencing exclusion and discrimination despite being native born.

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Fibre-based fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy: a real-time biopsy guidance tool for suspected lung cancer.

Transl Lung Cancer Res

February 2024

Translational Healthcare Technologies Group, Centre for Inflammation Research, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection improves outcomes, however, existing sampling techniques are associated with suboptimal diagnostic yield and procedure-related complications. Autofluorescence-based fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), a technique which measures endogenous fluorophore decay rates, may aid identification of optimal biopsy sites in suspected lung cancer.

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Background: Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent long term health conditions globally. Exercise and physical activity are now widely recognised to significantly reduce joint pain, improve physical function and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, prescribed exercise without regular contact with a healthcare professional often results in lower adherence and poorer health outcomes.

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Background: The intelligent knee osteoarthritis lifestyle app (iKOALA) has been co-developed with target users to extend the support for physical activity (PA) and musculoskeletal health, beyond short-term structured rehabilitation, using personalised PA guidance, education, and social support. The purpose of this study was to assess the preliminary effectiveness and usability of the iKOALA digital intervention on indices of musculoskeletal (MSK) health, symptoms, and physical activity levels in a broad range of individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) over 12 weeks to inform the design of a larger randomised controlled trial.

Methods: Thirty-eight (33 female) participants living in the UK with a mean (SD) age of 58 (± 9) years diagnosed radiographically or clinically with KOA completed a 12-week user trial of the iKOALA.

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Technology offers possibilities for quantification of behaviors and physiological changes of relevance to chronic pain, using wearable sensors and devices suitable for data collection in daily life contexts. We conducted a scoping review of wearable and passive sensor technologies that sample data of psychological interest in chronic pain, including in social situations. Sixty articles met our criteria from the 2783 citations retrieved from searching.

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We define narrative bias as a tendency to interpret information as part of a larger story or pattern, regardless of whether the facts support the full narrative. Narrative bias in title and abstract means that results reported in the title and abstract of an article are done so in a way that could distort their interpretation and mislead readers who had not read the whole article. Narrative bias is often referred to as "spin.

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Many gaps remain in finding effective, safe, and equitable treatments for children and adolescents with chronic pain and in accessing treatments in different settings. A major goal of the field is to improve assessment of pain and related experience. Valid and reliable patient-reported outcome measures are critical for advancing knowledge of clinical interventions for pediatric chronic pain.

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Background: The Support and Treatment After Replacement (STAR) care pathway is a clinically important and cost-effective intervention found to improve pain outcomes over one year for people with chronic pain three months after total knee replacement (TKR). We followed up STAR trial participants to evaluate the longer-term clinical- and cost-effectiveness of this care pathway.

Methods: Participants who remained enrolled on the trial at one year were contacted by post at a median of four years after randomisation and invited to complete a questionnaire comprising the same outcomes collected during the trial.

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Physiological Responses and Performance of Simulated High-Rise Firefighting.

J Occup Environ Med

February 2024

From the University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom (RD, J.L.J.); and University College London, London, United Kingdom (J.W.).

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the physiological effects of breathing apparatus and ascent strategies during a simulated 120-m vertical high-rise firefighting ascent.

Methods: Twenty-eight firefighters completed four high-rise firefighting trials wearing standard- or extended-duration breathing apparatus with continuous ascent (SDBA-C/EDBA-C) or with breaks (SDBA-B/EDBA-B). Task time, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, core body temperature, and thermal comfort were recorded at predetermined elevations.

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Digital technologies to support adolescents with depression and anxiety: review.

BJPsych Adv

July 2023

Professor of Developmental Psychopathology in the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK.

Depression and anxiety are common in adolescents, but most affected will not get any formal help. Digital mental health technologies (i.e.

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Background: Following the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, it was observed that giant cell arteritis (GCA) diagnoses increased at the Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases (RNHRD) in Bath, UK. This finding may support the viral aetiology hypothesis of GCA. Better understanding of the causes of GCA may help improve diagnostic and treatment strategies leading to better outcomes for patients.

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Prevalence, exposure and the public knowledge of keloids on four continents.

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg

February 2023

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, North Bristol NHS Trust, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Introduction: Keloid scars are associated with physical and psychological sequelae. No studies have investigated the general public's understanding of keloids. Targeted, short educational interventions in susceptible individuals may aid understanding of the condition and compliance with treatment.

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Introduction: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major public health problem. Reliably measuring the effects of chronic pain on movement and activity, and any changes due to treatment, is a healthcare challenge. A recently published paper demonstrated that a novel digital therapeutic (DTxP) was efficacious in reducing fear of movement and increasing the quality of life of adult patients with moderate to severe CLBP.

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Autobiographical memory and psychopathology: Is memory specificity as important as we make it seem?

Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci

May 2023

Centre for Learning Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Several decades of research have established reduced autobiographical memory specificity, or overgeneral memory, as an important cognitive factor associated with the risk for and maintenance of a range of psychiatric diagnoses. In measuring this construct, experimenters code autobiographical memories for the presence or absence of a single temporal detail that indicates that the remembered event took place on a single, specific, day (Last Thursday when I rode bikes with my son), or multiple days (When I rode bikes with my son). Studies indicate that the specificity of memories and the amount of other episodic detail that they include (e.

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Importance: Exposure to adverse childhood experiences substantially increases the risk of chronic health problems. Originally designed to treat child conduct problems, parent management training programs have been shown to be effective in preventing children from being exposed to further adversity and supporting children's recovery from adversity; however, there are increasing concerns that a core component of these programs, the discipline strategy time-out, may be harmful for children with a history of exposure to adversity.

Objective: To investigate the comparative benefits and potential harms to children exposed to adversity that are associated with parenting programs that include time-out.

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Background: Health anxiety in attendees of out-patient medical clinics is well established; however, there has been a lack of research into health anxiety within emergency settings.

Aims: This study explored the prevalence of health anxiety in ambulatory presentations in a tertiary emergency department (ED) as well as the factors associated with pain and health anxiety in this setting.

Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire design was used to gather data from adult ED ambulatory attendees across a 4-day sampling period to assess psychological and physical health variables.

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Reliable non-destructive methods for verifying spent nuclear fuel are essential to draw credible nuclear safeguards conclusions from spent fuel. In Finland, spent fuel items are verified prior to the soon starting disposal in a geological repository with Passive Gamma Emission Tomography (PGET), a uniquely accurate method capable of rod-level detection of missing active material. The PGET device consists of two highly collimated detector banks, collecting gamma emission data from a 360° rotation around a fuel assembly.

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Article Synopsis
  • Negative childhood experiences with needle procedures can lead to vaccine hesitancy in adulthood; the study evaluated two new interventions, Divided Attention (DA) and Positive Memory Reframing (PMR), aimed at mitigating this issue during vaccinations for children aged 8-12 years.
  • A total of 41 child-parent pairs participated in the study, with interventions being somewhat inconsistent; results indicated that DA and PMR reduced children's fear of future needle procedures, while parent ratings showed reduced fear immediately after vaccination.
  • Although the interventions showed some promising outcomes in reducing fear, there is a need for improved nurse training to ensure these interventions are delivered effectively and to enhance their overall feasibility.
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Article Synopsis
  • About 20% of individuals experience chronic pain after total knee replacement, prompting the STAR trial to evaluate a new care approach versus standard care for post-surgery pain relief.
  • The study involved semi-structured interviews with 27 participants to gather insights on their pain experiences and the acceptability of the STAR care pathway, which included follow-up assessments and calls.
  • Many participants expressed being unprepared for the intense and persistent pain post-surgery, but they found the STAR clinic provided valuable support, allowing them to discuss recovery concerns and manage their ongoing pain.
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