Development and validation of an explainable machine learning model for predicting multidimensional frailty in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.

We sought to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model for predicting multidimensional frailty based on clinical and laboratory data. Moreover, an explainable ML model utilizing SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was constructed. This study enrolled 622 patients hospitalized due to decompensating episodes at a tertiary hospital.

Association between programmed death protein 1-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms and immune-related adverse events induced by programmed death protein 1 inhibitors-a pilot study.

Programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors have potent anti-tumor activities. However, they often result in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) of varying severity. Therefore, the factors affecting the incidence of irAEs warrant urgent investigation.

Modified Ce/Zr-MOF Nanoparticles Loaded with Curcumin for Alzheimer's Disease via Multifunctional Modulation.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition, stands as the most prevalent form of dementia. Its complex pathological mechanisms and the formidable blood-brain barrier (BBB) pose significant challenges to current treatment approaches. Oxidative stress is recognized as a central factor in AD, underscoring the importance of antioxidative strategies in its treatment.

The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and disability level in older adult patients with chronic diseases.

Objective: This study investigates the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between self-care ability and disability level in older adult patients with chronic diseases.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 372 older adult patients with chronic diseases from five tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. General demographic information was collected using a questionnaire, and self-efficacy, self-care ability, and disability were assessed using standardized scales.

β-Adrenoceptor Signaling Activation Improves Bladder Fibrosis by Inhibiting Extracellular Matrix Deposition of Bladder Outlet Obstruction.

Background: Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) causes deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), promotes bladder fibrosis, and decreases bladder compliance.

Methods: To investigate the effect of β-adrenoceptor (ADRB) on the ECM deposition of pBOO rat model and explore its underlying mechanism, human bladder smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs) were exposed to the pathological hydrostatic pressure (100 cm HO) for 6 h, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were employed. Then the rats of sham operation and pBOO model were treated with vehicle or ADRB agonists for 3 weeks, and the alterations of the bladder were observed via Masson staining and immunohistochemical analysis.

Recent advances in dual PROTACs degrader strategies for disease treatment.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) is regarded as an emerging therapeutic strategy with unlimited potential because of its mechanism of inducing target protein degradation though harnessing ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Recently, researchers are combining the advantages of PROTACs and dual-targeted drugs to explore some new types of dual PROTACs degraders. The utilization of dual PROTACs not only enhances the efficiency of selective degradation for two or more distinct proteins, but also facilitates synergistic interactions between target proteins to optimize therapeutic efficacy as well as overcome resistance.

Gas Sensing Properties of Indium-Oxide-Based Field-Effect Transistor: A Review.

Excellent stability, low cost, high response, and sensitivity of indium oxide (InO), a metal oxide semiconductor, have been verified in the field of gas sensing. Conventional InO gas sensors employ simple and easy-to-manufacture resistive components as transducers. However, the swift advancement of the Internet of Things has raised higher requirements for gas sensors based on metal oxides, primarily including lowering operating temperatures, improving selectivity, and realizing integrability.

Case Report: Reflection on a case of splenic abscess in a child.

Splenic abscesses (SA), especially in children, are rare in clinical practice. The missed diagnosis rate of SA is high and the probability of rapidly diagnosing it is relatively low due to its low incidence rate and the presence of non-specific clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations. Antibiotics are the primary treatment for SA; however, ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture suction or drainage, and splenectomy are other effective treatment strategies.

Research progress of BRD4 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Therapeutic application of novel strategies and mechanisms.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) belongs to the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family, which plays a crucial role in recognizing acetylated lysine residues in chromatin. The abnormal expression of BRD4 contributes to the development of various human malignant tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Recent studies have shown that BRD4 inhibition can effectively prevent the proliferation and growth of HNSCC.

SNAI2 as a Prognostic Biomarker Based on Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common type of malignant tumor with therapeutic challenges. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote LUAD growth and metastasis, regulate the tumor immune response, and influence tumor treatment responses and drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms through which CAFs control LUAD progression are largely unknown.

Association between dietary intake of carotenoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-March 2020.

Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary intake of -carotene, -carotene, -cryptoxanthin, lycopene and lutein+zeaxanthin (LZ) and occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Design: Cross-sectional study design. The MAFLD diagnosis was based on hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysregulation.

Transepithelial transport of nanoparticles in oral drug delivery: From the perspective of surface and holistic property modulation.

Despite the promising prospects of nanoparticles in oral drug delivery, the process of oral administration involves a complex transportation pathway that includes cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis by intestinal epithelial cells, which are necessary steps for nanoparticles to enter the bloodstream and exert therapeutic effects. Current researchers have identified several crucial factors that regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and intestinal epithelial cells, including surface properties such as ligand modification, surface charge, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, intestinal protein corona formation, as well as holistic properties like particle size, shape, and rigidity. Understanding these properties is essential for enhancing transepithelial transport efficiency and designing effective oral drug delivery systems.

Engineering anti-thrombogenic and anti-infective catheters through a stepwise metal-catechol-(amine) surface engineering strategy.

Thrombosis and infection are pivotal clinical complications associated with interventional blood-contacting devices, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. To address these issues, we present a stepwise metal-catechol-(amine) (MCA) surface engineering strategy that efficiently integrates therapeutic nitric oxide (NO) gas and antibacterial peptide (ABP) onto catheters, ensuring balanced anti-thrombotic and anti-infective properties. First, copper ions were controllably incorporated with norepinephrine and hexanediamine through a one-step molecular/ion co-assembly process, creating a NO-generating and amine-rich MCA surface coating.

Pericentriolar material 1 promotes intestinal inflammation in ulcerative colitis by activating NLRP3/gasdermin D-mediated macrophage pyroptosis.

Excessive proinflammatory cytokine release induced by pyroptosis plays a vital role in intestinal mucosal inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). Several pyroptosis-related factors are regulated by the centrosome. Pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1) is a primary component of centriolar satellites that is present as cytoplasmic granules around the centrosome.

MCPIP1 promotes atrial remodeling by exacerbating miR-26a-5p/FRAT/Wnt axis-mediated atrial fibrosis in a rat model susceptible to atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1), recognized as a functional ribonuclease (RNase), exacerbates cardiac remodeling and contributes to a range of cardiovascular diseases. However, the involvement of MCPIP1 in atrial fibrosis and development of AF, along with its underlying biological mechanisms, remains poorly understood.

Monascus pigment-protected bone marrow-derived stem cells for heart failure treatment.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in heart failure (HF) treatment. However, their clinical application is impeded by low retention rate and low cellular activity of MSCs caused by high inflammatory and reactive oxygen species (ROS) microenvironment. In this study, monascus pigment (MP) nanoparticle (PPM) was proposed for improving adverse microenvironment and assisting in transplantation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs).

Oral administration of tea-derived exosome-like nanoparticles protects epithelial and immune barrier of intestine from psychological stress.

Psychological stress disrupts the integrity of the intestinal barrier and is strongly linked to emotional disorders, behavioral changes, and gastrointestinal dysfunction. However, there are limited treatment options available for repairing the damage to the intestinal barrier. As a natural plant-based health beverage, tea () has been shown to have various potentially advantageous effects on the intestinal barrier and immune function.