EEG microstate analysis and machine learning classification in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: Microstate characterization of electroencephalogram (EEG) is a data-driven approach to explore the functional changes and interrelationships of multiple brain networks on a millisecond scale. This study aimed to explore the pathological changes of whole-brain functional networks in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) through microstate analysis and further to explore its potential value as an auxiliary diagnostic index.

Methods: Forty-eight OCD patients (33 with more than moderate anxiety symptoms, 15 with mild anxiety symptoms) and 52 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.

Biometallic ions and derivatives: a new direction for cancer immunotherapy.

Biometallic ions play a crucial role in regulating the immune system. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy has become a breakthrough in cancer treatment, achieving good efficacy in a wide range of cancers with its specificity and durability advantages. However, existing therapies still face challenges, such as immune tolerance and immune escape.

The role of paraspinal muscle degeneration in cervical spondylosis.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between paraspinal muscle degeneration and cervical spondylosis through cervical spine MRI and lateral X-ray.

Methods: A retrospective study included 83 cervical spondylosis patients as the experimental group, consisting of 28 axial joint pain (Group A), 29 cervical radiculopathy (Group B), and 26 myelopathy (Group C), as well as 29 healthy individuals as the control group (Group D). The cross-sectional area (CSA) of paraspinal muscles at the C3-4, C4-5, and C5-6 segments was measured, including the deep extensor area (DEA), deep flexor area (DFA), and superficial extensor area (SEA).

Decoding the Multiple Identities and Crosstalk of Organokines in Obesity-Related Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Obesity causes an imbalance in the expression and secretion of several organokines, which in turn contributes to the development of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Organokines are produced by corresponding organs and affect systemic metabolic homeostasis. Diverse organokines play a crucial role in the communication between adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and other organs.

SKP1-CUL1-F-box: Key molecular targets affecting disease progression.

The correct synthesis and degradation of proteins are vital for numerous biological processes in the human body, with protein degradation primarily facilitated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The SKP1-CUL1-F-box (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase, a member of the Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) family, plays a crucial role in mediating protein ubiquitination and subsequent 26S proteasome degradation during normal cellular metabolism. Notably, SCF is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of various diseases, including malignant tumors.

Molecular docking to investigate HLA-associated idiosyncratic drug reactions.

Idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs) pose severe threats to patient health. Unlike conventionally dose-dependent side effects, they are unpredictable and more frequently manifest as life-threatening conditions, such as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Some HLA alleles, such as , , and , are known risk factors for adverse reactions induced by multiple drugs.

Engineered biomimetic cisplatin-polyphenol nanocomplex for chemo-immunotherapy of glioblastoma by inducing pyroptosis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by pronounced immune escape and resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Preliminary investigations revealed a marked overexpression of gasdermin E (GSDME) in GBM. Notably, cisplatin (CDDP) demonstrated a capacity of inducing pyroptosis by activating caspase-3 to cleave GSDME, coupled with the release of proinflammatory factors, indicating the potential as a viable approach of inducing anti-tumor immune activation.

Optimizing the NGS-based discrimination of multiple lung cancers from the perspective of evolution.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a promising approach for differentiating multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) from intrapulmonary metastasis (IPM), though panel selection and clonal interpretation remain challenging. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) data from 80 lung cancer samples were utilized to simulate MPLC and IPM, with various sequenced panels constructed through gene subsampling. Two clonal interpretation approaches primarily applied in clinical practice, MoleA (based on shared mutation comparison) and MoleB (based on probability calculation), were subsequently evaluated.

MicroRNA-150-3p enhances the antitumour effects of CGP57380 and is associated with a favourable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been identified in several carcinomas, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and is known to play a role in the development and progression of this disease. We initially conducted a miRNA microarray analysis, which revealed that the MNK inhibitor CGP57380 increased the expression of miR-150-3p. A similar analysis was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Programmed cell death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

Programmed cell death is a type of autonomic and orderly cell death mode controlled by genes that maintain homeostasis and growth. Tumor is a typical manifestation of an imbalance in environmental homeostasis in the human body. Currently, several tumor treatments are designed to trigger the death of tumor cells.

Impaired lipid homeostasis and elevated lipid oxidation of erythrocyte membrane in adolescent depression.

Adolescent depression is a globally concerned mental health issue, the pathophysiological mechanisms of which remain elusive. Membrane lipids play a crucial role in brain development and function, potentially serving as a crossroad for the abnormalities in neurotransmitters, neuroendocrine, inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism observed in depressed adolescents. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the erythrocyte membrane lipid profile in adolescent depression.

Novel Protective Role for Gut Microbiota-derived Metabolite PAGln in Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity.

Purpose: Doxorubicin (Dox) is a classic anthracycline chemotherapy drug with cause cumulative and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the potential role and molecular mechanism of phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a novel gut microbiota metabolite, in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC).

Methods: DIC models were established in vivo and in vitro, and a series of experiments were performed to verify the cardioprotective effect of PAGln.

Monounsaturated fatty acids from plant or animal sources and risk of type 2 diabetes in three large prospective cohorts of men and women.

Aims/hypothesis: Existing evidence on the relationship between intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and type 2 diabetes is conflicting. Few studies have examined whether MUFAs from plant or animal sources (MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As, respectively) exhibit differential associations with type 2 diabetes. We examined associations of intakes of total MUFAs, MUFA-Ps and MUFA-As with type 2 diabetes risk.

Short- and Mid-Term Outcomes Following ALIF and TLIF in L5-S1 Isthmic Spondylolisthesis Patients.

Background: A limited number of studies have compared the outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) to transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis. This study aims to compare postoperative complications between these two surgical approaches.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed using a large national database.

Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of ChatGPT-4 and Machine Learning in Differentiating Spinal Tuberculosis and Spinal Tumors.

Background: In clinical practice, distinguishing between spinal tuberculosis (STB) and spinal tumors (ST) poses a significant diagnostic challenge. The application of AI-driven large language models (LLMs) shows great potential for improving the accuracy of this differential diagnosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of various machine learning models and ChatGPT-4 in distinguishing between STB and ST.

Baseline characteristics of patients in the Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China): a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a disease with a global impact, but most published data come from high-income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in China.

Methods: The Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China) is a prospective, observational cohort enrolling patients from 111 hospitals in China.

Antiviral Medications for Treatment of Nonsevere Influenza: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Importance: The optimal antiviral drug for treatment of nonsevere influenza remains unclear.

Objective: To compare effects of antiviral drugs for treating nonsevere influenza.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Global Health, Epistemonikos, and ClinicalTrials.

Academic Pressure and Psychological Imbalance in High School Students: Predictors of Depression via Polynomial Regression and Response Surface Analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore how the congruence between academic pressure and psychological imbalance affects depressive symptoms in adolescents and to further explore grade-level differences in these effects among high school students.

Methods: The study population consisted of 29,975 high school students from 20 schools in Liuyang City, Hunan Province. The Mental Health Scale for Secondary School Students (MSSMHS) and Self-Depression Scale (SDS) were used to assess academic pressure, psychological imbalance and depressive symptoms.

Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: 2024 update.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with destructive arthritis as its main clinical manifestation, which is a major cause of disability. It is very important to formulate and update a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of RA that adhere to international guideline development standards and can be applied to clinical practice in China. This guideline is endorsed and developed by the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, collaborated with Rheumatologists Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Rheumatology Rehabilitation Branch of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Branch of Chinese Research Hospital Association, and Rheumatology Branch of Beijing Association of Holistic Integrative Medicine, based on grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) and reporting items for practice guidelines in healthcare (RIGHT).

Exploring the link between exposure to volatile organic chemicals and incidence of infertility:A cross-sectional study.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that environmental pollutants exert a detrimental impact on female fertility. Among these pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), easily encountered in the environment, have garnered significant attention as prevalent airborne contaminants. Nevertheless, a definitive consensus regarding the association between VOCs and the incidence of infertility remains elusive.

Personalized theta-burst stimulation enhances social skills in young minimally verbal children with autism: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Minimally verbal children with autism are understudied and lack effective treatment options. Personalized continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) targeting the amygdala and its circuitry may be a potential therapeutic approach for this population.

Methods: In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, minimally verbal children with autism (ages 2-8 years) received 4 weeks of cTBS.

Long-term follow-up of zimberelimab in relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma: Insights from the phase Ⅱ YH-S001-04 clinical trial.

Background: Treating relapsed or refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL) remains challenging. This report extends the three-year follow-up period for the phase Ⅱ YH-S001-04 trial, expanding upon the initial 15.8-month analysis.

Associations of daily step count with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive US adults: a cohort study from NHANES 2005-2006.

Background: The health benefits of physical activity, including walking, are well-established, but the relationship between daily step count and mortality in hypertensive populations remains underexplored. This study investigates the association between daily step count and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive American adults.

Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006, including 1,629 hypertensive participants with accelerometer-measured step counts.

Flavonoids for gastrointestinal tract local and associated systemic effects: A review of clinical trials and future perspectives.

Background: Flavonoids are naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals with significant antioxidant effects aside from several health benefits. People often consume them in combination with other food components. Compiling data establishes a link between bioactive flavonoids and prevention of several diseases in animal models, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, gut dysbiosis, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).