[Bupleuri Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba medicated plasma exerts effects on HepG2 hepatoma cells by regulating miR-1297/PTEN signaling axis].

The present study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Bupleuri Radix-Paeoniae Radix Alba medicated plasma on HepG2 hepatoma cells by regulating the microRNA-1297(miR-1297)/phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN) signaling axis. Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) was carried out to determine the mRNA levels of miR-1297 and PTEN in different hepatoma cell lines. The dual luciferase reporter assay was employed to verify the targeted interaction between miR-1297 and PTEN.

Optimizing fluconazole-embedded transfersomal gel for enhanced antifungal activity and compatibility studies.

Fungal infections are of major concern all over the globe, and fluconazole is the most prevalently used drug to treat it. The goal of this research work was to formulate a fluconazole-embedded transfersomal gel for the treatment of fungal infections. A compatibility study between fluconazole and soya lecithin was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

Clinical outcomes of liver transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus coinfected patients in China.

Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been able to improve the immune system function and survival of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients. However, Patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are more likely to develop end-stage liver disease (ESLD) than those infected with HBV alone. Consequently, liver transplantation is often required for these patients.

Inverse relationship between HBV DNA levels and liver histopathological changes in immune-tolerant CHB patients.

Limited data exist regarding the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels and liver histopathological changes in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) during the immune tolerant (IT) phase. In this study, we retrospectively analysed liver biopsy results from 150 adult IT-CHB patients. The liver tissue necroinflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by the Scheuer scoring system.

Invigorating human MSCs for transplantation therapy via Nrf2/DKK1 co-stimulation in an acute-on-chronic liver failure mouse model.

Background: Since boosting stem cell resilience in stressful environments is critical for the therapeutic efficacy of stem cell-based transplantations in liver disease, this study aimed to establish the efficacy of a transient plasmid-based preconditioning strategy for boosting the capability of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for anti-inflammation/antioxidant defenses and paracrine actions in recipient hepatocytes.

Methods: Human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) were subjected to transfer, either with or without the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Dickkopf1 (DKK1) genes, followed by exposure to TNF-α/HO. Mouse models were subjected to acute chronic liver failure (ACLF) and subsequently injected with either transfected or untransfected MSCs.

Vitamin D suppresses CD133+/CD44 + cancer stem cell stemness by inhibiting NF-κB signaling and reducing NLRP3 expression in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background And Objective: This study aims to investigate the role of Vitamin D (VD) in regulating the stemness and survival of CD133+/CD44 + breast cancer stem cells, and to explore the role of NLRP3 in this process.

Methods: Breast cancer tissues were collected for RXRα and VDR expression analysis. A triple-negative breast cancer cell line was cultured and stem-like cells (CD133 + CD44+) isolated using flow cytometry.

Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis Born to a Mother with Asymptomatic MG: A Case Report.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease which can impact pregnancy. We describe a transient neonatal myasthenia gravis (TNMG) born to an asymptomatic mother aged 26. The newborn presented cyanosis and generalized muscular weakness quickly after birth.

Integrative analysis of potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for glomerulus-associated diabetic nephropathy based on cellular senescence.

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy (DN), distinguished by detrimental changes in the renal glomeruli, is regarded as the leading cause of death from end-stage renal disease among diabetics. Cellular senescence plays a paramount role, profoundly affecting the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injuries. This study was designed to delve deeply into the pathological mechanisms between glomerulus-associated DN and cellular senescence.

A biomarker panel of secondary hypertension is simultaneously quantified by coupling of magnetic solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Secondary hypertension is often caused by activation of complex multi-organ endocrine systems, while renin activity indicated by angiotensins (Angs), aldosterone (ALD) and cortisol (COR) in such systems are generally accepted as its diagnostic markers. As antibody-based methods cannot offer comparable quantification for these biomarkers, a liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS)-based approach was developed to quantify them simultaneously and accurately.

Methods: Five different beads for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) were evaluated towards their enrichment efficiency for these biomarkers.

Prognostic value of ultrasound in early arterial complications post liver transplant.

Liver transplantation is the primary therapeutic intervention for end-stage liver disease. However, vascular complications, particularly those involving the hepatic artery, pose significant risks to patients. The clinical manifestations associated with early arterial complications following liver transplantation are often nonspecific.

A Potential "Anti-Warburg Effect" in Circulating Tumor Cell-mediated Metastatic Progression?

Metabolic reprogramming is a defining hallmark of cancer metastasis, warranting thorough exploration. The tumor-promoting function of the "Warburg Effect", marked by escalated glycolysis and restrained mitochondrial activity, is widely acknowledged. Yet, the functional significance of mitochondria-mediated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) during metastasis remains controversial.

Prevalence and resistance characteristics of multidrug-resistant isolated from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China.

Background: PCV13 introduction in China has led to a significant reduction of vaccine serotype . However, non-vaccine serotypes with highly resistance and invasiveness were often reported in the post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era and there was regional differences.

Methods: A total of 669 strains were collected from the respiratory tracts of hospitalized children at Shenzhen Children's Hospital in 2021 and 2022.

Early monitoring-to-warning Internet of Things system for emerging infectious diseases via networking of light-triggered point-of-care testing devices.

Early monitoring and warning arrangements are effective ways to distinguish infectious agents and control the spread of epidemic diseases. Current testing technologies, which cannot achieve rapid detection in the field, have a risk of slowing down the response time to the disease. In addition, there is still no epidemic surveillance system, implementing prevention and control measures is slow and inefficient.

Role of thymosin α1 in restoring immune response in immunological nonresponders living with HIV.

Background: Immunological nonresponders (INRs) living with HIV are at increased risk of co-infection and multiple tumors, with no effective strategy currently available to restore their T-cell immune response. This study aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of thymosin α1 in reconstituting the immune response in INRs.

Methods: INRs with CD4 + T cell counts between 100 and 350 cells/μL were enrolled and received two-staged 1.

The prevalence of HDV among HBsAg-positive populations with and without HIV-1 in China.

Background: Existing research has provided evidence of changes in hepatitis delta virus (HDV) prevalence worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of HDV to elucidate its spread in China.

Methods: A total of 3,000 samples were collected from 2,241 HBV monoinfections and 759 HBV/HIV-1 coinfections across 13 sites in northern, southern, western, and southwestern China.

Engineering of novel hemagglutinin biosensors for rapid detection and drug screening of Influenza A H7N9 virus.

New pathogenic influenza virus strains are constantly emerging, posing a serious risk to both human health and economic growth. To effectively control the spread of this virus, there is an urgent need for early, rapid, sensitive, simple, and cost-effective detection technologies, as well as new and effective antiviral drugs. In this study, we have successfully achieved a significant milestone by successfully fusing the H7N9 influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein with the nano-luciferase component, resulting in the development of a novel set of biosensors.

Mpox patients' experience from infection to treatment and implications for prevention and control: A multicenter qualitative study in China.

Monkeypox (mpox), a viral zoonotic disease, is spreading worldwide. However, evidence that informs prevention and control strategies in the Asia Pacific Region is very limited. Our study aims to investigate the experiences of mpox patients from infection to treatment to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control.

FLOT2 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through suppression of TGF-β pathway via facilitating CD109 expression.

In nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), the TGF-β/Smad pathway genes are altered with inactive TGF-β signal, but the mechanisms remain unclear. RNA-sequencing results showed that FLOT2 negatively regulated the TGF-β signaling pathway via up-regulating CD109 expression. qRT-PCR, western blot, ChIP, and dual-luciferase assays were used to identify whether STAT3 is the activating transcription factor of CD109.

Azalomycin F4a targets peptidoglycan synthesis of Gram-positive bacteria revealed by high-throughput CRISPRi-seq analysis.

Azalomycin F4a is a promising 36-membered polyhydroxy macrolide that shows antibacterial activity against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, but its exact working mechanism remains to be elusive. Here, we isolated the azalomycin F4a product from a Streptomyces solisilvae and demonstrated its antibacterial activity against Gram-positive pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We further showed that combination of azalomycin F4a with methicillin has an additive antimicrobial effect on MRSA, where the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of methicillin to MRSA was decreased by 1000-fold in the presence of sublethal concentration of azalomycin F4a.

Longitudinal trajectories of weight changes among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: A group-based study.

Weight changes vary among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens. Here, we performed multi-trajectory modeling fitting growth mixture models (GMM) to identify longitudinal weight change trajectories of PLHIV. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess correlates of rapid weight gains; 12,683 PLHIV (median age: 34 years [interquartile range 29-42], 91.

Identification of a 24-gene panel and a novel marker of essential for the pathological diagnosis of early prostate cancer.

Precise diagnosis of early prostate cancer (PCa) is critical for preventing tumor progression. However, the diagnostic outcomes of currently used markers are far from satisfactory due to the low sensitivity or specificity. Here, we identified a diagnostic subpopulation in PCa tissue with the integrating analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq.

Comorbidity of Myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease as immune reconstitution-associated autoimmune disease in HIV infection: A case report and literature review.

Background: Comorbidity of Myasthenia gravis (MG) and Graves' disease (GD) in treated HIV-infected individuals has rarely been described and little study has been done on the link between HIV-related immune reconstitution and autoimmune diseases occurring post antiretroviral therapy.

Case Presentation: Here we report on a 33-year-old Chinese man with HIV infection who had been virologically suppressed since 2018. The patient was diagnosed with GD and was treated in 2020.

Prognostic hub gene CBX2 drives a cancer stem cell-like phenotype in HCC revealed by multi-omics and multi-cohorts.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with a high prevalence and fatality rate. CBX2 has been demonstrated to impact the development and advancement of various cancers, albeit it has received limited attention in relation to HCC. In this study, CBX2 and CEP55 were screened out with the refined triple regulatory networks constructed by total RNA-seq datasets (TCGA-LIHC, GSE140845) and a robust prognostic model.