Seizure Duration and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder.

Importance: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), wherein a generalized epileptic seizure is induced, is a treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Currently, it is unclear whether there is an association between seizure length and treatment outcome.

Objective: To explore the association between seizure duration, potential confounding variables, and ECT treatment outcome.

Post-diagnostic support for persons with young-onset dementia - a retrospective analysis based on data from the Swedish dementia registry SveDem.

Background: Approximately 3.9 million persons worldwide have young-onset dementia. Symptoms related to young-onset dementia present distinct challenges related to finances, employment, and family.

Childhood and adolescence outcomes in offspring to parents with bipolar disorder: the impact of lifetime parental comorbidity, parental sex, and bipolar subtype.

Background: Offspring of parents with bipolar disorder have increased risks of their own psychopathology. However, a large-scale survey of psychiatric, somatic, and adverse social outcomes up to adulthood, which could aid in prioritizing and tailoring prevention, is lacking. It also remains to clarify how risks are modified by other parental factors.

Intergenerational Transmission of Psychiatric Conditions and Psychiatric, Behavioral, and Psychosocial Outcomes in Offspring.

Importance: Psychiatric conditions in parents are associated with many psychiatric and nonpsychiatric outcomes in offspring. However, it remains unknown whether this intergenerational transmission is attributable to broader psychopathology comorbidity or to specific conditions.

Objective: To estimate associations between general and specific psychopathology factors in parents and a wide range of register-based outcomes in their offspring.

Osteoimmune regulation underlies oral implant osseointegration and its perturbation.

In the field of biomaterials, an endosseous implant is now recognized as an osteoimmunomodulatory but not bioinert biomaterial. Scientific advances in bone cell biology and in immunology have revealed a close relationship between the bone and immune systems resulting in a field of science called osteoimmunology. These discoveries have allowed for a novel interpretation of osseointegration as representing an osteoimmune reaction rather than a classic bone healing response, in which the activation state of macrophages ((M1-M2 polarization) appears to play a critical role.

Malocclusion in children with speech sound disorders and motor speech involvement: a cross-sectional clinical study in Swedish children.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence, types and severity of malocclusions in children with speech sound disorder (SSD) persisting after 6 years of age, and to compare these findings to a control group of children with typical speech development (TSD).

Methods: In total, 105 children were included: 61 with SSD and motor speech involvement (mean age 8:5 ± 2:8 years; range 6:0-16:7 years, 14 girls and 47 boys) and 44 children with TSD (mean age 8:8 ± 1:6; range 6:0-12:2 years, 19 girls and 25 boys). Extra-oral and intra-oral examinations were performed by an orthodontist.

Implications of considering peri-implant bone loss a disease, a narrative review.

Background: Peri-implantitis has been suggested to cause significant increasing proportions of implant failure with increasing time.

Purpose: To assess whether implant failure rates in long term studies are matching the supposed high prevalence of peri-implantitis.

Material And Methods: This paper is written as a narrative review of the long-term clinical investigations available in the literature.

Shared decision-making and person-centred care in Sweden: Exploring coproduction of health and social care services.

In Sweden the health system is nationally regulated and locally provided by 21 regions and 290 municipalities. To meet the shifting paradigm, where the person is viewed as a co-producer of health and care, Sweden has laws, regulations and policies which support the patient as an active partner in the communication with professionals in the system. Coproduction, person-centred care and shared decision making contribute jointly to the paradigm shift.

The More, the Merrier…? Antipsychotic Polypharmacy Treatment Strategies in Schizophrenia From a Pharmacology Perspective.

Antipsychotic polypharmacy/drug combination treatment (APP) is a remarkably common practice in the schizophrenia context, given the lack of general support in treatment Guidelines. There is also a vast literature on APP outcomes, but a paucity of high-quality evidence-based data to guide and optimize adequate use of APP. This seems particularly true regarding many pharmacology-based considerations involved in APP treatment strategies.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of maintenance treatment for psychotic depression.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review on the use of maintenance treatment to prevent relapse and recurrence in patients with psychotic unipolar or bipolar depression.

Methods: We conducted an electronic search in December 2019 (and an updated search in July 2021) of four databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane) to identify controlled studies comparing the relapse rates of patients receiving maintenance treatment for psychotic unipolar depression and psychotic bipolar depression. A meta-analysis was made that included three studies comparing antidepressant (AD) and antipsychotic (AP) combination therapy with AD monotherapy.

Electroconvulsive therapy and psychiatric readmission in major depressive disorder - A population-based register study.

Objective: The primary aim was to determine whether electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is associated with reduced risk of psychiatric readmission in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: This study was based on data from multiple Swedish population-based registries. All adult patients admitted to any Swedish hospital for moderate-to-severe MDD between 2012 and 2018 were included.

Case Report: Cariprazine in a Patient With Schizophrenia, Substance Abuse, and Cognitive Dysfunction.

This case report describes a 30-year old male diagnosed with schizophrenia at the age of 23, and with a long history of drug abuse. He had previously received a wide range of antipsychotic drug treatment regimens, all with some degree of effect, but never with complete symptom relief. He was also suffering from persistent cognitive and negative symptoms.

Validity of diagnoses, treatment dates, and rating scales in the Swedish national quality register for electroconvulsive therapy.

Background: The Swedish national quality register for electroconvulsive therapy (Q-ECT) contains data on patients receiving treatment with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in Sweden.

Aim: This study determined the validity of diagnoses, treatment dates, and rating scales in the Q-ECT by investigating the degree of accordance between data from the Q-ECT and patient records.

Materials And Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, 200 treatment series were randomly selected from the Q-ECT.

Sex-Dependent Shared and Nonshared Genetic Architecture Across Mood and Psychotic Disorders.

Background: Sex differences in incidence and/or presentation of schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BIP) are pervasive. Previous evidence for shared genetic risk and sex differences in brain abnormalities across disorders suggest possible shared sex-dependent genetic risk.

Methods: We conducted the largest to date genome-wide genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction of risk for these disorders using 85,735 cases (33,403 SCZ, 19,924 BIP, and 32,408 MDD) and 109,946 controls from the PGC (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium) and iPSYCH.

Genome-wide association study of patients with a severe major depressive episode treated with electroconvulsive therapy.

Although large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have identified many significant loci, the SNP-based heritability remains notably low, which might be due to etiological heterogeneity in existing samples. Here, we test the utility of targeting the severe end of the MDD spectrum through genome-wide SNP genotyping of 2725 cases who received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for a major depressive episode (MDE) and 4035 controls. A subset of cases (n = 1796) met a narrow case definition (MDE occurring in the context of MDD).

The impact of the physical environment for caregiving in ordinary housing: Experiences of staff in home- and health-care services.

The strong driving forces for ageing in place demand sustainable solutions for the housing and care of older people and the health and safety of home- and health-care staff. The aim of the study was to elucidate staff experiences of providing home- and health-care to older people living in ordinary housing. This study was part of a larger project investigating the relation between home design and conditions for care in ordinary housing.

Integrating consequences of stroke into everyday life - Experiences from a long-term perspective.

Background: Occupational engagement encompasses both objective and subjective aspects of occupation. Long-term follow-up studies indicate that stroke can have a negative impact on the ability to perform IADL. Less is known about the subjective experiences of occupational engagement and how engagement may evolve after stroke.

The ratio FEV /FVC and its association to respiratory symptoms-A Swedish general population study.

Chronic airflow limitation (CAL) can be defined as fixed ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV )/forced vital capacity (FVC) < 0.70 after bronchodilation. It is unclear which is the most optimal ratio in relation to respiratory morbidity.

Relapse risk after in-ward electroconvulsive therapy for acute polymorphic psychotic disorder.

Purpose: Acute polymorphic psychotic disorder (APPD) without symptoms of schizophrenia is a serious psychiatric condition. APPD can be effectively treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), but little is known about relapse prevention after ECT for APPD.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective register-based study conducted with 97 patients with APPD (ICD-10 diagnosis F23.

Patterns of chronic illness among older patients attending a university hospital in Nigeria.

Background: The rising burden of chronic diseases has attracted the attention of public health researchers and policymakers worldwide.

Objectives: To assess the demographic, morbidity and outcome patterns of chronic illness among the older patients at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Design: Retrospective study.