THE EFFECT OF TRYPSIN, CHYMOTRYPSIN, RIBONUCLEASE, AND DESOXYRIBONUCLEASE ON ACTIVE, INACTIVE, AND REVERSIBLY INACTIVATED MEGATHERIUM PHAGE.

The effect of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and desoxyribonuclease on active, reversibly inactivated, and heat-inactivated B. megatherium phage, and on living and dead B. megatherium and B.

ON THE EFFECT OF COCAINE UPON SODIUM-DEFICIENT FROG NERVE.

Cocaine diffuses through the epineurium with remarkable rapidity. The coefficient of diffusion of cocaine in the epineurium cannot be less than 0.44 x 10(-4) cm.

THE EFFECT OF TUBERCLE BACILLI ON THE POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES OF NORMAL ANIMALS.

A description is given of a slide cell whereby the rate of migration of very small amounts of leucocytes can be followed and measured. The migration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes was found to be inhibited by virulent tubercle bacilli pathogenic for the class of animal (mammal or bird) from which the leucocytes were obtained; it was not affected by the avirulent variants of these microorganisms, or by bacilli pathogenic for animals of the other class. Tests failed to disclose that the inhibition of leucocytic migration resulted from any gross damage caused by the bacilli to the leucocytes.

FACTORS IN PLASMA CONCERNED IN NATURAL RESISTANCE TO AN AVIAN MALARIA PARASITE (PLASMODIUM LOPHURAE).

The plasma of adult chickens, when injected into young chicks or chick embryos infected with Plasmodium lophurae, lessened the parasitemia. The substances responsible for this effect were inactivated or removed by the heating of adult chicken plasma for (1/2) hour at 65 degrees C., followed by centrifugation to remove the coagulated material; but they were not affected by heating for (1/2) hour at 56 degrees C.

THE ABNORMAL COURSE OF BACTERIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF PENICILLIN.

Washed staphylococcal cells separated from peptone-broth cultures containing penicillin G did not differ markedly from cells not exposed to penicillin in their rate of oxygen, phosphate, glutamic acid, or amino nitrogen utilization. Washed normal staphyloccal cells, respiring in solutions containing glucose and various mixtures of amino acids, utilized the amino acids with an increase in the cellular protein nitrogen. Similar cells under the same conditions, but exposed to penicillin G, utilized oxygen, phosphate, and amino acids at essentially the same rates, but there was no increase in the protein nitrogen of the cells.

ASSOCIATION OF A SPECIAL STRAIN OF PLEUROPNEUMONIA-LIKE ORGANISMS WITH CONJUNCTIVITIS IN A MOUSE COLONY.

An outbreak of conjunctivitis, unaccompanied by involvement of the respiratory tract, is reported in a colony of white mice. A special strain of pleuropneumonia-like organisms was regularly isolated from the eyes and nasal passages of affected mice but not from the lungs or middle ears. Ocular carriage of these organisms in the absence of an inflammatory reaction occurred in at least 50 per cent of the adult mice.

THE EFFECT OF INJURY BY TOXIC AGENTS UPON OSMOTIC PRESSURE MAINTAINED BY CELLS OF LIVER AND OF KIDNEY.

As shown in a previous paper the cells of the liver and of the kidney maintain an osmotic pressure approximately twice that of blood and of erythrocytes, exceeding this slightly in the case of liver and being slightly less in that of kidney. When liver cells are injured by chloroform or by carbon tetrachloride the osmotic pressure they maintain falls to the level of the medium that surrounds them but is promptly restored when recovery from the injury, with some regeneration of liver cells, occurs. When nephrosis is caused by potassium chromate or by chloroform the osmotic pressure maintained by parenchymatous cells of the renal cortex falls to that of the medium about them but returns to its normal level with recovery from the injury.

PRODUCTION OF BCG VACCINE IN A LIQUID MEDIUM CONTAINING TWEEN 80 AND A SOLUBLE FRACTION OF HEATED HUMAN SERUM : II. ANTIGENICITY OF THE CULTURE AFTER VARIOUS PERIODS OF STORAGE.

Groups of guinea pigs were vaccinated by the intracutaneous route with cultures of BCG grown in a liquid medium containing Tween 80 and the soluble fraction of heated human serum. After the cultures had been stored at 4 degrees C. for various periods of time, the antigenic response was compared with that of another group of guinea pigs receiving standard BCG vaccine prepared by the conventional technique.

PRODUCTION OF BCG VACCINE IN A LIQUID MEDIUM CONTAINING TWEEN 80 AND A SOLUBLE FRACTION OF HEATED HUMAN SERUM : I. PRODUCTION AND VIABILITY OF THE CULTURE.

Diffuse, submerged growth of BCG bacilli has been obtained in liquid media containing 0.02 per cent Tween 80 and the soluble fraction of human serum heated under acid conditions (pH 2.5) at 65 degrees C.

STUDIES ON ENDEMIC PNEUMONIA OF THE ALBINO RAT : III. CARRIAGE OF THE VIRUS-LIKE AGENT BY YOUNG RATS AND IN RELATION TO SUSCEPTIBILITY.

An attempt was made to reestablish the virus-like agent associated with rat pneumonia by the nasal instillation of the infectious material into supposedly normal young rats from the selected Princeton colony. The incidence of the pneumonia in these animals after the injection of suspensions of pneumonic lungs from either rats or mice was not significantly greater than the incidence under natural conditions. In attempting to account for the refractory state of the immature rats it was found that the agent was widely dispersed through the breeding colony at an early age.

STUDIES ON THE SENSITIZATION OF ANIMALS WITH SIMPLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS : X. ANTIBODIES INDUCING IMMEDIATE-TYPE SKIN REACTIONS.

Evidence is presented to show that guinea pigs actively sensitized to simple chemical compounds form serum antibodies capable of sensitizing the skin of normal guinea pigs. Skin sites prepared as for the Prausnitz-Küstner test develop immediate-type ("evanescent") reactions with erythema and edema, upon subsequent injection of the corresponding simple compounds or protein conjugates thereof, and give effects resembling transferred reaginic reactions as seen in human beings. The antibodies were obtainable after sensitization by acyl chlorides, acid anhydrides, and also substances of lesser reactivity, picryl chloride and 2:4 dinitrochlorobenzene, which are human allergens.