Nanoporous microneedle arrays seamlessly connected to a drug reservoir for tunable transdermal delivery of memantine.

Conventional transdermal drug patches have been on the market since 1997 but their applicability for drug delivery is limited: currently only nearly two dozen of molecules have been approved by the regulatory authorities for transdermal administration and have reached the market. The possibilities for drug delivery via the skin can be improved and expanded by using microneedle patch technologies. However, most microneedle patches focus on the delivery of low amounts of drugs that are generally very potent due to the small dimensions of the microneedle systems.

Hollow microneedle-mediated micro-injections of a liposomal HPV E7 synthetic long peptide vaccine for efficient induction of cytotoxic and T-helper responses.

Recent studies have shown that intradermal vaccination has great potential for T cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy. However, classical intradermal immunization with a hypodermic needle and syringe has several drawbacks. Therefore, in the present study a digitally controlled hollow microneedle injection system (DC-hMN-iSystem) with an ultra-low dead volume was developed to perform micro-injections (0.

Diphtheria toxoid and N-trimethyl chitosan layer-by-layer coated pH-sensitive microneedles induce potent immune responses upon dermal vaccination in mice.

Dermal immunization using antigen-coated microneedle arrays is a promising vaccination strategy. However, reduction of microneedle sharpness and the available surface area for antigen coating is a limiting factor. To overcome these obstacles, a layer-by-layer coating approach can be applied onto pH-sensitive microneedles.

Repeated fractional intradermal dosing of an inactivated polio vaccine by a single hollow microneedle leads to superior immune responses.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various repeated fractional intradermal dosing schedules of inactivated polio vaccine serotype 1 (IPV1) on IPV1-specific IgG responses in rats. By utilizing an applicator that allowed for precisely controlled intradermal microinjections by using a single hollow microneedle, rats were immunized intradermally with 5 D-antigen units (DU) of IPV1 at 150μm skin depth. This dose was administered as a bolus, or in a repeated fractional dosing schedule: 4 doses of 1.