Applying machine learning to international drug monitoring: classifying cannabis resin collected in Europe using cannabinoid concentrations.

In Europe, concentrations of ∆-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in cannabis resin (also known as hash) have risen markedly in the past decade, potentially increasing risks of mental health disorders. Current approaches to international drug monitoring cannot distinguish between different types of cannabis resin which may have contrasting health effects due to THC and cannabidiol (CBD) content. Here, we compared concentrations of THC and CBD in different types of cannabis resin collected in Europe (either Moroccan-type, or Dutch-type).

Associations of dietary patterns with objective and subjective sleep duration and sleep quality in a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of various types of dietary patterns with self-reported sleep quality and with actigraphy-estimated sleep parameters in the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study.

Methods: For each participant, scores for five different dietary patterns were derived based on food frequency questionnaires; two pre-defined scores developed to estimate adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines and to the Mediterranean diet; and three data-driven scores indicating a prudent, unhealthy and typical Dutch diet. In 2589 participants (median age 56.

Lifetime prevalence and associated factors of itch with skin conditions: atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and dry skin in individuals aged > 50 years.

Background: Itch, common in dermatological conditions, is often accompanied by psychological distress and reduced quality of life. However, research on the prevalence and associated factors of itch with skin conditions in general populations is limited.

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the lifetime prevalence of itch with skin conditions and to identify its associated factors in individuals aged > 50 years.

Sleep and 24-H Activity Rhythms and the Risk of Stroke: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Short and long self-reported sleep durations are associated with a higher risk of stroke, but the association between objective estimates of sleep and 24-h activity rhythms is less clear. We studied the association of actigraphy-estimated sleep and 24-h activity rhythms with the risk of stroke in a population-based cohort of middle-aged and elderly.

Methods: We included 1,718 stroke-free participants (mean age 62.

The Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Association Between Thyroid Function and Depression: A Population-Based Study.

Context: An association of thyroid function with mood disorders has been widely suggested, but very few studies have examined this association longitudinally.

Objective: We assessed the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between thyroid function and depression in a population-based cohort.

Methods: A total of 9471 individuals were included in cross-sectional analyses, of whom 8366 had longitudinal data.

Plasma neurofilament light chain in association to late-life depression in the general population.

Aim: Investigating what is underlying late-life depression is becoming increasingly important with the rapidly growing elderly population. Yet, the associations between plasma biomarkers of neuroaxonal damage and late-life depression remain largely unclear. Therefore, we determined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of neurofilament light chain (NfL) with depression in middle-aged and elderly individuals, and total tau, β-amyloid 40 and 42 for comparison.

The effect of mindfulness-based interventions on reducing stress in future health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Students in health professions often face high levels of stress due to demanding academic schedules, heavy workloads, disrupted work-life balance, and sleep deprivation. Addressing stress during their education can prevent negative consequences for their mental health and the well-being of their future patients. Previous reviews on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) focused on working health professionals or included a wide range of intervention types and durations.

Life stress and adiposity in mothers: A 14-year follow-up in the general population.

Exposure to specific stressors has been found to associate with higher adiposity in adulthood. However, the potential overlapping effects of stress domains have been overlooked, as well as the role of parenting-related stressors that mothers are widely exposed to in mid-adulthood. Therefore, we assessed the association of overlapping effects of stress domains, including parenting-related stress, with subsequent adiposity in mothers.

Does treating insomnia with digital cognitive behavioural therapy (Sleepio) mediate improvements in anxiety for those with insomnia and comorbid anxiety? An analysis using individual participant data from two large randomised controlled trials.

Background: Considerable comorbidity exists between insomnia and anxiety, and evidence shows that the benefits of CBT for insomnia extend to anxiety. Using data from two large trials of digital CBT (dCBT) for insomnia, we evaluated whether improving sleep is an effective treatment target to reduce both insomnia and anxiety symptoms in individuals with insomnia and clinically significant anxiety.

Methods: This was a controlled sub-analysis combining individual participant data from two previous randomised controlled trials of dCBT for insomnia (Sleepio).

The effectiveness and health-economic evaluation of "Partner in Balance," a blended self-management program for early-stage dementia caregivers: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Background: Informal caregivers of people with dementia are crucial in dementia care. However, they are insufficiently supported and report caregiver burdens, which urges the need for cost-effective interventions aimed at supporting caregivers. This paper presents the design of a study evaluating the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and cost-utility of a blended self-management program for early-stage dementia caregivers.

Associations between genetic liabilities to smoking behavior and schizophrenia symptoms in patients with a psychotic disorder, their siblings and healthy controls.

It is unknown how smoking behavior polygenic scores (PRS) relate to psychosis and psychotic symptoms. To elucidate this, genotype and phenotype data were collected from patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls in a six-year follow-up prospective cohort study. Associations between smoking behaviors, PRS and schizophrenia symptoms were explored using linear mixed-effect models.

The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-3 (NEMESIS-3): Objectives, methods and baseline characteristics of the sample.

Objectives: NEMESIS-3 (Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-3) is a psychiatric epidemiological cohort study of the Dutch general population that replicates and expands on two previous NEMESIS-studies conducted in 1996-1999 and 2007-2018 respectively. The main aims of NEMESIS-3 are to provide up-to-date information on the prevalence, incidence, course and consequences of mental disorders, their risk indicators, and to study the relevant time trends. This paper gives an overview of the objectives and methods of NEMESIS-3, especially of the recently completed first wave, and describes the sample characteristics.

Evaluation of an implementation strategy for Individual Placement and Support in the Netherlands: a 30-month observational study.

Background: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based, effective approach to help people with severe mental illness (SMI) obtain and maintain competitive employment. The aim of the present study was to examine employment outcomes and associations with an organizational and a financial factor in people with SMI who participated in Individual Placement and Support using a multifaceted implementation strategy (IPS + MIS). The goal of this strategy was to improve IPS implementation by enhancing collaboration among mental health care and vocational rehabilitation stakeholders, and realizing secured IPS funding.

Is approving esketamine as an antidepressant for treatment resistant depression associated with recreational use and risk perception of ketamine? Results from a longitudinal and cross-sectional survey in nightlife attendees.

Background: Esketamine was licensed for use in treatment resistant depression by the European Medicines Agency in December 2019. It is unclear whether this new approval has lowered the risk perception of recreational ketamine use. This is important given a recent increase in recreational ketamine use.

Drug Use Changes at the Individual Level: Results from a Longitudinal, Multisite Survey in Young Europeans Frequenting the Nightlife Scene.

Background: Monitoring emerging trends in the increasingly dynamic European drug market is vital; however, information on change at the individual level is scarce. In the current study, we investigated changes in drug use over 12 months in European nightlife attendees.

Method: In this longitudinal online survey, changes in substances used, use frequency in continued users, and relative initiation of use at follow-up were assessed for 20 different substances.

Predicting Success of a Digital Self-Help Intervention for Alcohol and Substance Use With Machine Learning.

Background: Digital self-help interventions for reducing the use of alcohol tobacco and other drugs (ATOD) have generally shown positive but small effects in controlling substance use and improving the quality of life of participants. Nonetheless, low adherence rates remain a major drawback of these digital interventions, with mixed results in (prolonged) participation and outcome. To prevent non-adherence, we developed models to predict success in the early stages of an ATOD digital self-help intervention and explore the predictors associated with participant's goal achievement.

Effectiveness of a digital alcohol moderation intervention as an add-on to depression treatment for young adults: study protocol of a multicentre pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Background: Depressive disorders and problematic drinking often co-occur, also among young adults. These co-occurring conditions are associated with various negative health outcomes compared to both conditions alone. Early intervention by addressing alcohol use and depressive symptoms simultaneously in the same treatment might improve both conditions.

Experiences with Individual Placement and Support and employment - a qualitative study among clients and employment specialists.

Background: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based, effective approach to help people with severe mental illness (SMI) achieve competitive employment. The aim of the present study is to explore experiences with Individual Placement and Support using a multifaceted implementation strategy (IPS + MIS), and competitive employment. The goal of this strategy was to improve IPS implementation by enhancing collaboration between mental health care and vocational rehabilitation stakeholders, and realizing a secured IPS funding with a 'pay for performance' element.

BLEND-A: blending internet treatment into conventional face-to-face treatment for alcohol use disorder - a study protocol.

Background: A major challenge to psychological treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is patient non-compliance. A promising new treatment approach that is hypothesized to increase patient compliance is blended treatment, consisting of face-to-face contact with a therapist combined with modules delivered over the internet within the same protocol. While this treatment concept has been developed and proven effective for a variety of mental disorders, it has not yet been examined for AUD.

Digital Interventions for People With Co-Occurring Depression and Problematic Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of digital interventions addressing depressive symptoms and alcohol use simultaneously among people with co-occurring depression and problematic alcohol use.

Methods: Seven databases were searched for trials evaluating digital interventions aimed at depression and alcohol use. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool effects on depressive symptoms and alcohol use up to 3-month and 6-month follow-up.