Identifying Drug Prescription in Newly Diagnosed Hypertension Patients in India.

This study evaluated initial antihypertensive drug prescription patterns in Indian healthcare settings. An observational, cross-sectional, prospective prescription registry analyzed prescriptions for 4723 newly diagnosed hypertension patients. Additionally, it investigated the extent to which physicians adhered to either European or Indian hypertension guidelines.

Should We Be Treating Affective Symptoms, Like Anxiety and Depression Which May Be Related to LUTD in Patients With OAB? ICI-RS 2024.

Aims: To discuss the role of screening and treatment of affective symptoms, like anxiety and depression in patients with LUTD. A review of the literature regarding the bidirectional association and multidisciplinary approaches integrating psychometric assessments with personalized treatment plans to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes of LUTD.

Methods: This review summarizes discussions and a narrative review of (recent) literature during an International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society 2024 research proposal with respect to the role of screening for anxiety and depression, effect of mental health symptoms on treatment outcomes and future implications.

Similar Spatial Expression of Immune-Related Proteins in SARS-CoV-2 Placentitis and Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the placenta can lead to fetal distress and demise, characterized by severe trophoblast necrosis, chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI), and massive perivillous fibrin deposition. We aimed to uncover spatial immune-related protein changes in SARS-CoV-2 placentitis compared with CHI placentas and uncomplicated pregnancies to gain insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Placentas were retrospectively collected from cases with SARS-CoV-2 placentitis resulting in fetal distress/demise (n = 9), CHI (n = 9), and uncomplicated term controls (n = 9).

Searching for responders to multidomain dementia prevention in late life: A pooled analysis of individual participant data from the MAPT and preDIVA trials.

Introduction: It is unknown in which, if any, subgroups of older adults multidomain interventions are effective at reducing long-term dementia incidence.

Methods: We pooled up to 12 years of follow-up data from 5205 participants aged > 70 from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT) and Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care (preDIVA) studies. The primary outcome was incident all-cause dementia.

Reversal of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Multi-Centric Analysis of Indications, Techniques, and Surgical Outcomes.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass may present long-term complications that require revisional surgery or even reversal to normal anatomy. Data on the indications, surgical technique, and outcomes of RYGB reversal remain scarce.

Methods: We identified 48 cases of RYGB reversals with complete 90-day follow-up within a multi-centric international retrospective database of elective secondary bariatric surgery.

Delayed Progression of Ataxia with a Static Cerebellar Lesion- Consider SCA27B.

Repeat expansions in the fibroblast growth factor 14 gene (FGF14), associated with spinocerebellar ataxia type 27B (SCA27B), have emerged as a prevalent cause of previously unexplained late-onset cerebellar ataxia. Here, we present a patient with residual symptom of gait ataxia after complicated meningioma surgery, who presented with progressive symptoms of oculomotor disturbances, speech difficulties, vertigo and worsening of gait imbalance, twelve years post-resection. Neuroimaging revealed a surgical resection cavity in the dorsolateral side of the left cerebellar hemisphere, accompanied by gliosis in left cerebellar hemisphere extending into the vermis, extensive non-specific supratentorial periventricular white matter abnormalities, and mild atrophy of the cerebellar vermis.

Recovery from pulmonary oxygen toxicity: a new (ESOT) model.

Arieli has previously demonstrated that the exposure metric K could be used to predict pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT) based on changes in Vital Capacity (VC). Our previous findings indicate that the Equivalent Surface Oxygen Time (ESOT) allows the estimation of POT without loss of accuracy compared to K. In this work, we have further investigated POT recovery.

Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism with Edoxaban over 18 Months: Results from ETNA-VTE Europe.

Background:  The benefits and risks of extending anticoagulant treatment beyond the first 3 to 6 months in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in clinical practice are not well understood.

Methods:  ETNA-VTE Europe is a prospective, noninterventional, post-authorization study in unselected patients with VTE treated with edoxaban in eight European countries for up to 18 months. Recurrent VTE, major bleeding, and all-cause death were the primary study outcomes.

A Concurrent Validity Study of the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Developmental Inventory (CDI) in Infants with an Elevated Likelihood or Diagnosis of Autism.

Infants at elevated likelihood for or later diagnosed with autism typically have smaller vocabularies than their peers, as shown by the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) and the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Developmental Inventory (CDI). However, the extent to which MSEL and CDI scores align remains unclear, especially across clinical and non-clinical populations. This study examined whether the concurrent validity of the MSEL and CDI differs based on autism likelihood and diagnosis.

Risk Factors for Residual Unablated Tumour Following CT-Guided Percutaneous Renal Cryoablation: Lessons from the EuRECA Registry.

Objective: To assess tumour factors that reduce primary technical efficacy (PTE) from CT-guided renal cryoablation.

Methods: Patients were taken from the EuRECA registry between December 2014 and November 2020. To focus on tumour factors rather than individual technique, this study was limited to cases using CT and excluded procedures using cone beam, US, MRI, or laparoscopy.

Impact of Antithrombotic Therapy on Thrombotic and Bleeding Complications after Elective Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of antithrombotic therapy on occurrence of thrombotic and bleeding complications after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort study, patients who underwent elective endovascular aneurysm repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm were categorized into three antithrombotic groups: single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT), anticoagulants, or dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Outcome measures were the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), prosthetic limb occlusions, and bleeding complications during follow-up.

Achieving High-Precision Attenuation Coefficient Measurement in Optical Coherence Tomography.

In this study, we aim to validate the analytical Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) equation for determining attenuation coefficients using a 1310 nm Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) system. Our experimental results successfully confirm the validity of the equation, achieving unprecedented precision with a standard deviation below 0.01 mm for intralipid samples.

Impact of Pharmacovigilance Interventions Targeting Fluoroquinolones on Antibiotic Use in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

Purpose: Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics associated with adverse events that prompted the European Medicines Agency to implement risk minimization measures (RMMs) in 2018/19 and 2020. Our aim is to assess the RMMs' impact on antibiotic prescriptions in primary care during 2014-2023.

Methods: We assessed antibiotic prescriptions using CPRD GOLD (the United Kingdom, UK) and PHARMO (the Netherlands, NL).

Robust metabolomic age prediction based on a wide selection of metabolites.

Chronological age is a major risk factor for numerous diseases. However, chronological age does not capture the complex biological aging process. the difference between the chronological age and biologically driven aging could be more informative in reflecting health status.

In silico functional analysis of the human, chimpanzee, and gorilla MHC-A repertoires.

T cells recognize peptides displayed on the surface of cells on MHC molecules. Genetic variation in MHC genes alters their peptide-binding repertoire and thus influences the potential immune response generated against pathogens. Both gorillas and chimpanzees show reduced diversity at their MHC class I A (MHC-A) locus compared to humans, which has been suggested to be the result of a pathogen-mediated selective sweep.

Increased Phosphorylation of Intracellular Signaling Molecules Indicates Continuous Activation of Human Autoreactive B-Cells.

Many human autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are hallmarked by the presence and persistence of autoreactive B-cells. While autoreactive B-cells may frequently encounter antigens, the signals required to balance and maintain their activation and survival are mostly unknown. Understanding such signals may be important for strategies aimed at eliminating human B-cell autoreactivity.

Resetting of the Human Circadian Melatonin Rhythm by Ambient Hypoxia.

Circadian clocks in the body drive daily cycles in physiology and behavior. A master clock in the brain maintains synchrony with the environmental day-night cycle and uses internal signals to keep clocks in other tissues aligned. Work in cell cultures uncovered cyclic changes in tissue oxygenation that may serve to reset and synchronize circadian clocks.

Etiology and hemodynamic patterns of orthostatic hypotension in a tertiary syncope unit.

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is an important differential diagnosis in unexplained syncope. Neurogenic OH (nOH) has been postulated to differ from non-neurogenic OH (non-nOH), yet pathophysiological differences are largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate etiology and tilt table test (TTT)-induced hemodynamic responses in symptomatic OH patients.

Physicians' required competencies in AI-assisted clinical settings: a systematic review.

Background: Utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in clinical settings may offer significant benefits. A roadblock to the responsible implementation of medical AI is the remaining uncertainty regarding requirements for AI users at the bedside. An overview of the academic literature on human requirements for the adequate use of AI in clinical settings is therefore of significant value.

Evaluating the impact of COVID-19 protection measures and staff absence on radiotherapy practice: A simulation study.

Background: Radiotherapy practice for cancer treatment is resource-intensive and demands optimised processes for patient throughput while guaranteeing the quality and safety of the therapy. With the COVID-19 pandemic, ad-hoc changes in the operation of radiotherapy centres became necessary to protect patients and staff. This simulation study aimed to quantify the impact of designated COVID-19 protection measures and pandemic-related staff absence on patient waiting times and throughput.