Promoting Global Cardiovascular Health to Advance the Sustainable Development Agenda.

The burden of cardiovascular disease has declined in high-income countries in the past 3 decades but is growing in low- and middle-income countries due to epidemiological, demographic, and socioeconomic shifts. A range of cost-effective policies and interventions are available for advancing cardiovascular health (CVH) through primordial, primary, and secondary prevention. We showcase multifaceted challenges that stifle the global progress of CVH including shortcomings in financial protection, health systems, primary health care, national health policies, service coverage, and surveillance.

Outcomes of endometrial cancer prevention strategies in patients with Lynch syndrome: a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands.

Background: Female Lynch syndrome carriers have an increased risk of developing endometrial cancer. Regardless, research on endometrial carcinoma tumorigenesis is scarce and no uniform, evidence-based gynaecological management guidelines exist. We therefore described gynaecological surveillance and surgery outcomes in a nation-wide Lynch syndrome cohort.

The feasibility of endoscopic stapes surgery: A three-dimensional planning method.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of a semi-automatic algorithm in assessing the feasibility and complexity of endoscopic stapes surgery preoperatively.

Methods: A semi-automatic algorithm was developed to simulate endoscopic stapes surgery in 3D. To test the accuracy of the algorithm, five fresh-frozen cadaveric heads (ten ears) were used.

The Long-Term Effect of Childhood Otitis Media on Speech-in-Noise Testing at Ages 9 and 13.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between a history of otitis media (OM) in early childhood and speech reception thresholds (SRT) in later childhood, using the Dutch digits-in-noise (DIN) test at ages 9 and 13 years.

Methods: This study was conducted within the Generation R study, a prospective birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Children underwent pure-tone audiometry and DIN testing at ages 9 (2011-2015) and 13 (2016-2020) years.

Efficacy of psychomotor therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety disorders-a systematic literature review.

Unlabelled: Specific Phobia (SP), Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD), and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) are the most prevalent anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Although anxiety has a major influence on the body, evidence-based treatments mainly focus on cognitive and behavioral aspects of anxiety. Body- and movement-oriented interventions, such as psychomotor therapy (PMT), address the physical aspects.

New Potent Inhibitor of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGFβ) Signaling that is Efficacious against Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Cancer Metastasis in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Therapy in Mice.

Blockade of the TGFβ signaling pathway has emerged from preclinical studies as a potential treatment to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) and several other types of cancer. However, clinical translation of first-generation inhibitors has shown little success. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of HYL001, a potent inhibitor of TGFβ receptor 1 (ALK5), that is approximately 9 times more efficacious than the structurally related compound galunisertib, while maintaining a favorable safety profile.

Interaction of light with gas-liquid interfaces: influence on photon absorption in continuous-flow photoreactors.

Light interacts with gas bubbles in various ways, potentially leading to photon losses in gas-liquid photochemical applications. Given that light is a valuable 'reagent', understanding these losses is crucial for optimizing reactor efficiency. In this study, we address the challenge of quantifying these interactions by implementing a method that separately determines the photon flux and utilizes actinometric experiments to determine the effective optical path length, a key descriptor of photon absorption.

Vector AutoRegressive Moving Average Models: A Review.

Vector AutoRegressive Moving Average (VARMA) models form a powerful and general model class for analyzing dynamics among multiple time series. While VARMA models encompass the Vector AutoRegressive (VAR) models, their popularity in empirical applications is dominated by the latter. Can this phenomenon be explained fully by the simplicity of VAR models? Perhaps many users of VAR models have not fully appreciated what VARMA models can provide.

Urbanization enhances body condition, but not innate immune defences, in a common waterbird.

There is a growing body of evidence that urbanization can affect body condition and immune function in wild birds, although these effects may be complex and taxa-specific. Here, we assessed the effects of urbanization on body condition (size-corrected body mass and haemoglobin concentration) and innate immune defences (haemolysis-haemagglutination assay, haptoglobin concentration and bacterial killing assay) in 136 Eurasian coots () from three urban and three non-urban populations across Poland. We also quantified the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio to control for the potential effect of physiological stress on immune defences.

Translation, Validity, and Reliability of the Indonesian Version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI).

Background: The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) is a widely used 13-item shoulder-specific patient-reported outcome measure for shoulder pain disorders. The English version of SPADI is easy to use and demonstrates excellent measurement properties for clinical and research settings.

Purpose: To translate and culturally adapt an Indonesian version of SPADI (SPADI-IDN) and then validate its use in Indonesian patients.

Development of Self-Concept in Childhood and Adolescence: How Neuroscience Can Inform Theory and Vice Versa.

How do we develop a stable and coherent self-concept in contemporary times? Susan Harter's original work, (1999; 2012), argues that cognitive and social processes are building blocks for developing a coherent sense of self, resulting in self-concept clarity across various domains in life (e.g., [pro-]social, academic, and physical).

Streptococcus pyogenes M1UK Variant-Associated Sartorius Muscle Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NTSIs) represent a concept of necrotizing infections involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle, and it is a potentially fatal disease. Early exploratory incision is strongly recommended for both the diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing soft tissue infections. Treatment of necrotizing soft tissue infections requires the administration of appropriate antimicrobial agents and adequate surgical debridement.

Prognostic nomogram for overall survival of elderly esophageal cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy: a population-based analysis.

Background: As the population of elderly patients with esophageal cancer (EC) increases, it becomes more important to understand the prognostic factors. The aim of the present study is to identify prognostic factors among elderly (>60 years) patients with EC receiving neoadjuvant therapy.

Methods: Patients with EC (>60 years) receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) or chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included and divided into a training group and a validation group.

IMPACT: In-Memory ComPuting Architecture based on Y-FlAsh Technology for Coalesced Tsetlin machine inference.

The increasing demand for processing large volumes of data for machine learning (ML) models has pushed data bandwidth requirements beyond the capability of traditional von Neumann architecture. In-memory computing (IMC) has recently emerged as a promising solution to address this gap by enabling distributed data storage and processing at the micro-architectural level, significantly reducing both latency and energy. In this article, we present In-Memory comPuting architecture based on Y-FlAsh technology for Coalesced Tsetlin machine inference (IMPACT), underpinned on a cutting-edge memory device, Y-Flash, fabricated on a 180 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process.

Neural in-memory checksums: an error detection and correction technique for safe in-memory inference.

The advent of in-memory computing has introduced a new paradigm of computation, which offers significant improvements in terms of latency and power consumption for emerging embedded AI accelerators. Nevertheless, the effect of the hardware variations and non-idealities of the emerging memory technologies may significantly compromise the accuracy of inferred neural networks and result in malfunctions in safety-critical applications. This article addresses the issue from three different perspectives.

The perspectives of agents working in positions of authority within health sector organisations regarding the involvement of experts by experience with an intellectual disability: An exploratory study.

Background: In this study, agents working in positions of authority within health sector organisations shared their perspectives concerning both the involvement of experts by experience with intellectual disabilities within their own organisations and their recommendations as to how best to involve experts by experience in policy and practice.

Method: Using purposive sampling, eight agents were selected for semi-structured interviews. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.

Communities of practice for implementing methods to reduce involuntary care in intellectual disability care: Insights from tacit and experiential knowledge exchange.

Background: Intellectual disability organisations in the Netherlands are seeking to improve clients' quality of care by implementing methods that reduce involuntary care. This study described insights gained from sharing tacit and experiential implementation knowledge in Communities of Practice (CoP).

Method: In a participatory research, managers, policymakers, experts-by-experience, support staff, and researchers participated in two CoP.

The experiences of parents arranging the move of their young adult offspring with intellectual disabilities to 24-hour residential settings; a continuing puzzle.

Background: Moving out of the family home is a key transition for people with intellectual disabilities and their families. Yet there has been little research about parents' experiences of planning the move of their young adult offspring to residential settings offering 24-hour support.

Method: Interviews were conducted with eleven parents whose offspring moved to residential settings within the past 5 years (five fathers; six mothers).

Parents' tacit knowledge of their child with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: A qualitative study.

Background: Parents' tacit knowledge plays an important role in the care of persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD). As little is known about its nature and use, we aimed to explore this parental tacit knowledge.

Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents ( = 11) about their tacit knowledge of their child, based upon video recordings they made of their child's behaviour, and analysed the data thematically.

Exploring sexual health in people with mild intellectual disabilities: A concept mapping study on the perspectives of relatives and support staff.

Background: Sexual health includes physical, emotional, mental, and social wellbeing related to sexuality. Given people with mild intellectual disabilities' reliance on relatives and support staff, it is important to explore the latter's understanding of sexual health.

Method: Relatives ( = 7) and support staff ( = 15) of people with mild intellectual disabilities participated in a concept mapping procedure that included brainstorming, sorting and ranking activities.

Helminth extracellular vesicles co-opt host monocytes to drive T cell anergy.

Parasitic helminths secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) into their host tissues to modulate immune responses, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We demonstrate that Ascaris EVs are efficiently internalised by monocytes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and increase the percentage of classical monocytes. Furthermore, EV treatment of monocytes induced a novel anti-inflammatory phenotype characterised by CD14, CD16, CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) cells.

A roadmap toward promoting and improving brain health in Europe and closing the awareness and funding gap.

Background And Purpose: The global burden of neurological diseases exceeds 43.1%, imposing a significant burden on patients, caregivers and society. This paper presents a roadmap to reduce this burden and improve brain health (BH) in Europe.