Early life acute infections and risk for cow's milk protein allergy or atopic dermatitis at 6 months of age in high risk for allergy infants.

Background: Early life infections (ELIs), encompassing both viral and bacterial types, occur within the first six months of life. Influenced by genetic host factors and environmental conditions, the relationship between ELIs and subsequent allergic manifestations, particularly cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and atopic dermatitis (AD), is complex and not fully understood.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to examine the potential interplay between nutrition, infections, and allergic manifestations in the first six months of life in infants with a family history of allergies, who were either exclusively breastfed (EBF) or fed a combination of breast milk and standard (SF) or partially hydrolyzed infant formula (pHF).

Simple quantitation and spatial characterization of label free cellular images.

Label-free imaging is routinely used during cell culture because of its minimal interference with intracellular biology and capability of observing cells over time. However, label-free image analysis is challenging due to the low contrast between foreground signals and background. So far various deep learning tools have been developed for label-free image analysis and their performance depends on the quality of training data.

Approaches for extracting daily dosage from free-text prescription signatures in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: a comparative study.

Objective: To compare various methods for extracting daily dosage information from prescription signatures (sigs) and identify the best performers.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 5 daily dosage extraction methods were identified. Parsigs, RxSig, Sig2db, a large language model (LLM), and a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) model were selected.

More inputs of antibiotics into groundwater but less into rivers as a result of manure management in China.

Antibiotics are extensively used in livestock production to prevent and treat diseases, but their environmental impact through contamination of rivers and groundwater is a growing concern. The specific antibiotics involved, their sources, and their geographic distribution remain inadequately documented, hindering effective mitigation strategies for river and groundwater pollution control caused by livestock production. Here we develope the spatially explicit MARINA-Antibiotics (China-1.

Incidence, case fatality, and functional outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage, according to age, sex, and country income level: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 28% of all strokes worldwide. ICH has a high case fatality, and only few survivors recover to independent living. Over the past decades, demographic changes, and changes in prevalence and management of risk factors may have influenced incidence.

Association between cardiometabolic diseases and the risk and progression of motor neuron diseases in Sweden: a population-based case-control study.

Background: The evidence on the link between cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and motor neuron diseases (MNDs) remains inconsistent. We aimed to determine whether there is an association of CMDs, namely, any cardiovascular disease, cardiac arrhythmia, heart failure, thromboembolic disease, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, and hypercholesterolemia with the risk and progression of MNDs.

Methods: We included 1463 MND patients (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), progressive spinal muscular atrophy (PSMA), and unspecified MND) diagnosed from January 1, 2015, to July 1, 2023, in Sweden according to the Swedish Motor Neuron Disease Quality Registry (i.

Behavior and emotion regulation of socially inhibited individuals in uncomfortable social situations: A mixed methods study.

The current study aimed to identify patterns of emotion regulation and behaviors in specific uncomfortable situations using a sequential exploratory mixed methods design and to examine how the trait social inhibition (SI) is related to these patterns. The sample (N = 451, 66% female, M = 34 (SD=17.2)) collected in 2016-2017 completed the social inhibition questionnaire (SIQ15) and open-ended questions on self-indicated uncomfortable situations and the regulation of emotions and behaviors in those situations.

In contact with grief: Affectionate touch and intimacy in bereaved parents.

Although child loss impairs well-being, its impact on behavioral exchanges between bereaved parents remains understudied. We compared bereaved and non-bereaved couples regarding affectionate touch levels, the role of affectionate touch in intimacy, and the association between partners' affectionate touch similarity and intimacy. Bereaved (228 couples, 27 individuals) and non-bereaved (258 couples, seven individuals) people participated in our seven-day diary study.

Aiming for precision: personalized medicine through sepsis subtyping.

According to the latest definition, sepsis is characterized by life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection. However, this definition fails to grasp the heterogeneous nature and the underlying dynamic pathophysiology of the syndrome. In response to this heterogeneity, efforts have been made to stratify sepsis patients into subtypes, either based on their clinical presentation or pathophysiological characteristics.

The influence of the number of postoperative radiological outliers on the survival and clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty.

Introduction: After total knee arthroplasty (TKA), dissatisfaction rates are described up to 30 %. Optimal alignment of the prosthesis in TKA is believed to improve clinical outcome and survival rates. Radiological outliers after TKA are used to define this alignment.

Propensity Score Analysis of Possible Medication Effects on Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Right Ventricles.

Background: Patients with systemic right ventricle (SRV), either d-transposition of the great arteries following an atrial switch procedure or congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, develop severe right ventricular dysfunction, prompting appropriate medical therapy. However, the efficacy of beta-blockers and angiotensin receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) in SRV patients is unproven.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ACEI/ARB and beta-blockers on outcomes in SRV patients after accounting for likely cofounders affecting their use.

China as data coloniser? rethinking cultural production, cultural mediation, and consumer agency on Kenyan and Chinese e-commerce platforms.

Has China become a neo-colonizer, exporting its cultural and economic power to the world based on its agenda of building soft power? Existing scholarship on neocolonialism and data colonialism largely focuses on how China's infrastructural expansion and increasingly platformised cultural sectors can achieve its ambitious platformised cultural sectors overseas. Yet, how China's cultural power is manifested, negotiated, or resisted in people's daily lives in a South-South setting remains under-researched and under-theorised. This article uses everyday fashion in Kenya as a case study to investigate China's cultural and economic power expansion in the Global South.

Investigation of growth and sporulation during larval rearing.

Insects are increasingly used as an alternative protein source for feed and food production. One of the main biological hazards associated with edible insects is the bio-accumulation of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, the interaction of larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFL, (L.

Genetic Variation in MiRNA Processing Machinery Genes and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer in the Iranian Population.

Background: We aimed to elucidate the potential correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA machinery genes and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in an Iranian cohort.

Methods: We conducted a robust case-control study involving 507 participants, which included 213 patients diagnosed with CRC and 294 healthy controls at Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases in Tehran Province, Iran in 2018. The study focused on genotyping four specific SNPs, (rs14035), (rs197412), (rs2740348), and (rs3742330), using advanced ARMS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR techniques.

Biometric Technology at the Borders of Citizenship: Identifying Technical Standards for Introducer-Based Remote Onboarding in Global Contexts of Statelessness, Nomadism, Displacement, and Refuge.

All throughout the so-called "Global South", hundreds of millions of individuals from entire communities in the rural, poorer, or most peripheral areas are not officially recorded by the States they are citizens of or they habitually reside in. This is why several of such States are resorting to extensive and purportedly "universal" digital remote onboarding programs, pioneered by India's Aadhaar, whereby individuals are centrally recorded onto a public database with their identity (and possibly citizenship) confirmed. Whenever paper documents are obsolete, inaccurate, deteriorated, or inexistent, individuals may have their identity confirmed through an "introducer", who mediates between marginalised communities and central authorities and is entrusted by both with this delicate task.

Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs.

Background: This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).

Methods: Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index).

Dichroism-sensitive photoacoustic imaging for in-depth estimation of the optic axis in fibrous tissue.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a developing image modality that benefits from light-matter interaction and low acoustic attenuation to provide functional information on tissue composition at relatively large depths. Several studies have reported the potential of dichroism-sensitive photoacoustic (DS-PA) imaging to expand PAI capabilities by obtaining morphological information of tissue regarding anisotropy and predominant orientation. However, most of these studies have limited their analysis to superficial scanning of samples, where fluence effects are negligible.

Impact of Native and Nonnative Study Partners on Medical Students' Confidence and Collaborative Strategies in Second Language Medical Dutch Learning.

Objective: This study explored how native and nonnative study partners impact medical students' confidence, learning strategies, and perceptions of learning experiences in second language (L2) medical Dutch learning using Kolb's experiential learning framework.

Methods: Twelve third-year international bachelor medical students participated in a mixed-methods pre-post quasi-experimental design. Four students were paired with highly proficient native Dutch partners in a mixed group, and eight nonnative students formed pairs in a homogeneous group.

Paths to Autonomous Motivation and Well-being: Understanding the Contribution of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Health Professions Students.

Background: Undergraduate students enrolled in Health Professions (HP) programs may experience challenges related to motivation and well-being. According to Self-Determination Theory, learning environments that support the three basic psychological needs (needs for autonomy, relatedness, competence) foster students' autonomous motivation and well-being. Little is known about the associations between basic psychological needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, and well-being in the HP domain and how they relate to one another in an integrative model.

School autonomy with accountability as a cross-national policy model: diverse adoptions, practices and impacts.

This special issue examines the policy model of School Autonomy with Accountability (SAWA) and its diverse configurations . The focus is on understanding how SAWA reforms shape governance practices and influence educational systems in different educational settings. Drawing on a range of theoretical perspectives, the issue explores how political factors, administrative traditions, and local professional frameworks shape the adoption and evolution of these policies.

Exploring Quality of Life in Adults Living With Late-onset Pompe Disease: A Combined Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Patient Perceptions from Australia, France, Italy, and the Netherlands.

Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that is heterogeneous in disease presentation and progression. People with LOPD report a significantly lower physical, psychological, and social quality of life (QoL) than the general population. This study investigated how individuals' self-reported LOPD status (improving, stable, declining) relates to their QoL.

Prevalence of lower extremity edema following inguinal lymphadenectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Lower extremity lymphedema (LEL) can develop because of inguinal lymph node dissection in the treatment of gynecologic, genitourinary, and dermatological malignancies. To optimize patient counseling and patient selection for microsurgical interventions aimed at preventing or treating LEL, its prevalence and associated patient characteristics must be accurately documented. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of literature on the reported prevalence of LEL in patients undergoing inguinal lymphadenectomy.