Co-Designing a Consumer-Focused Digital Reporting Health Platform to Improve Adverse Medicine Event Reporting: Protocol for a Multimethod Research Project (the ReMedi Project).

Background: Adverse medicine events (AMEs) are unintended effects that occur following administration of medicines. Up to 70% of AMEs are not reported to, and hence remain undetected by, health care professionals and only 6% of AMEs are reported to regulators. Increased reporting by consumers, health care professionals, and pharmaceutical companies to medicine regulatory authorities is needed to increase the safety of medicines.

Sex Differences in Natural History and Health Outcomes Among Individuals With Tic Disorders.

Objectives: To analyze sex differences in outcomes in Tourette syndrome (TS) and Persistent Motor or Vocal tic disorders (PMVT) in the Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics (TAAICG) dataset.

Methods: The relationship between sex and clinical measures was explored in 2,403 participants (N = 2,109 with TS; N = 294 with PMVT) from the TAAICG dataset using generalized estimating equation regression models, and adjusted for age and family relationships.

Results: Female (vs male) participants with TS (25.

N-glycan shielded CUB domains of ADAMTS13 prevent binding of C-terminal antibodies in patients with immune-mediated TTP.

In Immune-mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (iTTP), patients develop antibodies against ADAMTS13. The majority of patients exhibit inhibitory anti-spacer antibodies. Non-inhibitory antibodies binding to the carboxy-terminal CUB domains have been suggested to enhance the clearance of ADAMTS13 in iTTP.

Engineered Cell Microenvironments: A Benchmark Tool for Radiobiology.

The development of engineered cell microenvironments for fundamental cell mechanobiology, in vitro disease modeling, and tissue engineering applications increased exponentially during the last two decades. In such context, in vitro radiobiology is a field of research aiming at understanding the effects of ionizing radiation (e.g.

Tracking bottom-fishing activities in protected vulnerable marine ecosystem areas and below 800-m depth in European Union waters.

Numerous studies have highlighted bottom-contact fishing gears as the primary threat to vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs). In November 2022, the European Commission closed 87 VME protection polygons to bottom fishing in European waters. Using public automatic identification system (AIS) data, we found an 81% decrease in bottom-contact fishing effort within these areas in the year following the closures.

Knowledge of and perception towards eclampsia among women and men in Unguja Island, Zanzibar: A qualitative study.

Background: Eclampsia is among the primary causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Zanzibar. Many women and men are not aware of the signs, symptoms and causes of eclampsia and may have different explanatory models. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the community understanding of pre-eclampsia, as a key stage to improve maternal and perinatal health in Unguja Island, Zanzibar.

A cross-sectional network analysis of successful aging in a resilience-based framework.

Aging inevitably gives rise to many challenges and transitions that can greatly impact our (mental) well-being and quality of life if these are not controlled adequately. Hence, the key to successful aging may not be the absence of these stressors, but the ability to demonstrate resilience against them. The current study set out to explore how resilience and successful aging may intersect by investigating how various resilience capacity-promoting (protective) and resilience capacity-reducing (risk) factors relate to mental well-being and quality of life.

Integrating life cycle assessment into supply chain optimization.

Integrating Supply Chain Optimization (SCO) with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is essential for creating supply chains that are both economically efficient and environmentally sustainable. While SCO focuses on optimizing network structures and decisions related to product and service delivery, LCA systematically assesses the environmental impacts across the entire supply chain. The existing literature treats SCO and LCA as separate, sequential steps, often leading to inconsistencies in scope and challenges in data transfer and rescaling.

Long-term survival of participants in the PASART-1 and PASART-2 trials of neo-adjuvant pazopanib and radiotherapy in soft tissue sarcoma.

Objective: This study aims to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of adding pazopanib to neo-adjuvant radiotherapy followed by surgery in patients with high-risk non-metastatic soft tissue sarcoma of the trunk and extremities treated in the PASART-1 and PASART-2 trials, as well as to compare the PASART cohorts to a control cohort receiving standard treatment during the same time period from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (IKNL) to investigate if adding pazopanib improves Overall Survival (OS).

Methods: Updated follow-up data on disease control, survival and long-term toxicities of the PASART-trials were extracted from electronic patient records. The effect of adding pazopanib to neo-adjuvant radiotherapy on OS was investigated by comparing the combined PASART cohorts to the IKNL cohort via direct comparison and exact matching analysis.

Effectiveness and Safety of Adalimumab in Patients With Very Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Study on Behalf of the Porto Inflammatory Bowel Disease Working Group of European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition.

Background And Aims: Patients with very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD), with an age of onset < 6 years, can present with severe manifestations and may require biologic therapy. Infliximab and adalimumab are approved for induction and maintenance in pediatric IBD patients but are licensed only above the age of 6 years. Effectiveness and safety data on adalimumab in this patient population are lacking.

Natural Organic Matter Stabilizes Pristine Nanoplastics but Destabilizes Photochemical Weathered Nanoplastics in Monovalent Electrolyte Solutions.

Photochemical weathering and eco-corona formation through natural organic matter (NOM) adsorption play vital roles in the aggregation tendencies of nanoplastics (NPs) in aquatic environments. However, it remains unclear how photochemical weathering alters the adsorption patterns of NOM and the conformation of the eco-corona, subsequently affecting the aggregation tendencies of NPs. This study examined the effect of Suwannee River NOM adsorption on the aggregation kinetics of pristine and photoaged polystyrene (PS) NPs in monovalent electrolyte solutions.

Neighboring-Group Participation by a Less Electron-Donating, Participating C-2-Ester Ensures Higher 1,2- Stereoselectivity in Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Furanosyl Acetals.

Nucleophilic substitution reactions of C-2-acyloxy furanosyl acetals can be highly diastereoselective. We here show that the presence of a less electron-donating -nitrobenzoyloxy group at C-2 of a furanosyl acetal can be of use to control the 1,2- stereoselectivity of acetal substitution reactions with higher stereoselectivity than the analogue with the more electron-donating benzoyloxy group, just as what was observed in the pyranosyl system. Computational results support a reaction manifold involving both open oxocarbenium ions and -dioxolenium ions to provide the 1,2- and 1,2- products.

Gender Disparities and Lung Cancer Screening Outcomes Among Individuals Who Have Never Smoked.

Importance: Lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked (INS) is a growing global concern, with a rapidly increasing incidence and proportion among all lung cancer cases. Particularly in East Asia, opportunistic lung cancer screening (LCS) programs targeting INS have gained popularity. However, the sex-specific outcomes and drawbacks of screening INS remain unexplored, with data predominantly focused on women.

Speech Technology for Automatic Recognition and Assessment of Dysarthric Speech: An Overview.

Purpose: In this review article, we present an extensive overview of recent developments in the area of dysarthric speech research. One of the key objectives of speech technology research is to improve the quality of life of its users, as evidenced by the focus of current research trends on creating inclusive conversational interfaces that cater to pathological speech, out of which dysarthric speech is an important example. Applications of speech technology research for dysarthric speech demand a clear understanding of the acoustics of dysarthric speech as well as of speech technologies, including machine learning and deep neural networks for speech processing.

The edaphic factor and orchids: Gymnadenia conopsea from contrasting geologies in the Central Balkans.

Two different strategies for the distribution of macro- and trace elements can be observed in the terrestrial orchid Gymnadenia conopsea. Most trace elements are not translocated to the above-ground parts, whereas for macro-elements the trend was reversed, with the highest accumulation in the distal parts of the plants. Edaphic stress is one of the main factors affecting plant fitness, but it is still poorly understood, even in rare plants such as orchids.

Physiological fingerprinting of audiovisual warnings in assisted driving conditions: an investigation of fMRI and peripheral physiological indicators.

Physiological responses derived from audiovisual perception during assisted driving are associated with the regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), especially in emergencies. However, the interaction of event-related brain activity and the ANS regulating peripheral physiological indicators (i.e.

Explaining cognitive function in multiple sclerosis through networks of grey and white matter features: a joint independent component analysis.

Cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) is only partially explained by whole-brain volume measures, but independent component analysis (ICA) can extract regional patterns of damage in grey matter (GM) or white matter (WM) that have proven more closely associated with CI. Pathology in GM and WM occurs in parallel, and so patterns can span both. This study assessed whether joint-ICA of GM and WM features better explained cognitive function compared to single-tissue ICA.

Biomarkers in Ataxia-Telangiectasia: a Systematic Review.

Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T) is a very rare multisystem disease of DNA repair, associated with progressive disabling neurological symptoms, respiratory failure, immunodeficiency and cancer predisposition, leading to premature death. There are no curative treatments available for A-T but clinical trials have begun. A major limiting factor in effectively evaluating therapies for A-T is the lack of suitable outcome measures and biomarkers.

Total functioning capacity scale in Huntington's disease: natural course over time.

Background And Objectives: The total functioning capacity (TFC) assessment has been integral to Huntington's disease (HD) research and clinical trials, measuring disease stage and progression. This study investigates the natural progression of function in HD, focusing on changes in TFC scores related to age and CAG-repeat length, and evaluates TFC's strengths and weaknesses in longitudinal studies.

Methods: Using Enroll-HD platform's clinical dataset version 5, including Registry-3, we analysed data from 21,079 participants, with 16,083 having an expanded CAG repeat.

Hemodynamic response of the aortic valve during dobutamine onset then progressive aortic banding.

An increasing number of procedures over the past two decades for aortic stenosis (AS) reflects the combination of an aging population and less invasive transcatheter options. As a result, the hemodynamics of the aortic valve (AV) have gained renewed interest to understand its behavior and to optimize patient selection. We studied the hemodynamic relationship between pressure loss (ΔP) and transvalvular flow (Q) of the normal AV as well as the impact of a variable supravalvular stenosis.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Psilocin After Psilocybin Administration: A Systematic Review and Post-Hoc Analysis.

Background And Objective: Psilocybin is currently being extensively studied as a potential therapeutic agent for multiple psychiatric disorders. Here, a systematic literature review of all published pharmacokinetic data on the pharmacologically active metabolite of psilocybin, psilocin, is presented.

Methods: The review includes clinical studies that reported pharmacokinetic data and/or parameters after psilocybin administration in humans.

Content Validity of the Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale in Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxia.

Introduction: The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale-Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) is a validated and highly utilized measure for evaluating patients with Friedreich Ataxia. While construct validity of FARS-ADL has been shown for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), content validity has not been established.

Methods: Individuals with SCA1 or SCA3 (n = 7) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with SCA expertise (n = 8) participated in qualitative interviews evaluating the relevance, clarity, and clinical meaningfulness of FARS-ADL for assessment of individuals with SCA.

eHealth tools to assess the neurological function for research, in absence of the neurologist: a systematic review, part II (hardware).

Background: Neurological disorders pose a substantial burden worldwide in healthcare and health research. eHealth has emerged as a promising field given its potential to aid research, with lower resources. With a changing eHealth landscape, identifying available tools is instrumental for informing future research.