Cardiorespiratory Fitness Associates Negatively With Arterial Stiffness in a Cohort of Industrial Workers Followed Up for 4 Years.

Objective: Previously, we have found increased carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) among shift workers compared to day workers in industry, and a decline in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2max ) in all 86 workers.

Methods: Utilizing all available measurements in 2018, 2021, and 2022, this study investigated associations between V̇O 2max and measures of arterial stiffness. Using a mixed model approach, we analyzed the cross-sectional association between all V̇O 2max (outcome) and measures of arterial stiffness (covariates).

Simulated quick returns in a laboratory context and effects on sleep and pre-sleep arousal between shifts: a crossover controlled trial.

This trial presents a laboratory model investigating the effect of quick returns (QRs, <11 h time off between shifts) on sleep and pre-sleep arousal. Using a crossover design, 63 participants worked a simulated QR condition (8 h time off between consecutive evening- and day shifts) and a day-day (DD) condition (16 h time off between consecutive day shifts). Participants slept at home and sleep was measured using a sleep diary and sleep radar.

Transcriptional and phenotypical alterations associated with a gradual benzo[a]pyrene-induced transition of human bronchial epithelial cells into mesenchymal-like cells.

The role of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a prominent genotoxic carcinogen and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand, in tumor progression remains poorly characterized. We investigated the impact of BaP on the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in normal human bronchial epithelial HBEC-12KT cells. Early morphological changes after 2-week exposure were accompanied with induction of SERPINB2, IL1, CDKN1A/p21 (linked with cell cycle delay) and chemokine CXCL5.

Saponins of North Atlantic Sea Cucumber: Chemistry, Health Benefits, and Future Prospectives.

Frondosides are the major saponins (triterpene glycosides) of the North Atlantic sea cucumber (). Frondosides possess amphiphilic characteristics due to the presence of various hydrophilic sugar moieties and hydrophobic genin (sapogenin). Saponins are abundant in holothurians, including in sea cucumbers that are widely distributed across the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean.

Occupational noise exposure and tinnitus: the HUNT Study.

Objective: We aimed to assess the association between occupational noise exposure and tinnitus. Further, to assess whether the association depends on hearing status.

Design: In this cross-sectional study, tinnitus (>1 h daily) was regressed on job exposure matrix (JEM)-based or self-reported occupational noise exposure, adjusted for confounders.

Quantitative levels of noise exposure and 20-year hearing decline: findings from a prospective cohort study (the HUNT Study).

Objective: We aimed to assess the association between occupational noise exposure and long-term hearing decline.

Design: This prospective cohort study used linear regression to investigate the association between occupational noise exposure and 20-year hearing decline, adjusted for important confounders.

Study Sample: The Norwegian cohort ( = 4,448) participated in two population-based health studies with pure-tone audiometry; HUNT2 1996-1998 and HUNT4 2017-2019.

Occupation and 20-year hearing decline: findings from The HUNT Study.

Background: Studies show that certain occupations are associated with an increased risk of hearing loss. However, many studies are cross-sectional, and the few longitudinal studies are mostly small or focus on only one occupation.

Aims: We aimed to quantify the long-term hearing decline among workers in different occupations and assess whether the change differs between the occupations.

Insight Into the Metabolic Adaptations of Electrically Pulse-Stimulated Human Myotubes Using Global Analysis of the Transcriptome and Proteome.

Electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) has proven to be a useful tool to interrogate cell-specific responses to muscle contraction. In the present study, we aimed to uncover networks of signaling pathways and regulatory molecules responsible for the metabolic effects of exercise in human skeletal muscle cells exposed to chronic EPS. Differentiated myotubes from young male subjects were exposed to EPS protocol 1 (i.

Changes in effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of onset of sleep disturbances in a population-based cohort of workers in Denmark.

Objective/background: Associations between exposure to effort-reward imbalance at work (eg, high time pressure/low appreciation) and risk of sleep disturbances have been reported, but the direction of the effect is unclear. The present study investigated changes in effort-reward imbalance and risk of concomitant and subsequent onset of sleep disturbances.

Methods: Participants with sleep disturbances at baseline were excluded.

Causal relationships between body mass index, smoking and lung cancer: Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization.

At the time of cancer diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) is inversely correlated with lung cancer risk, which may reflect reverse causality and confounding due to smoking behavior. We used two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate causal relationships of BMI and smoking behaviors on lung cancer and histological subtypes based on an aggregated genome-wide association studies (GWASs) analysis of lung cancer in 29 266 cases and 56 450 controls. We observed a positive causal effect for high BMI on occurrence of small-cell lung cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.

Innervation and electrical pulse stimulation - in vitro effects on human skeletal muscle cells.

Contraction-induced adaptations in skeletal muscles are well characterized in vivo, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are still not completely understood. Cultured human myotubes represent an essential model system for human skeletal muscle that can be modulated ex vivo, but they are quiescent and do not contract unless being stimulated. Stimulation can be achieved by innervation of human myotubes in vitro by co-culturing with embryonic rat spinal cord, or by replacing motor neuron activation by electrical pulse stimulation (EPS).

Exploration of Modern Chromatographic Methods Coupled to Mass Spectrometric Techniques for Trace Element and Chemical Composition Analyses in the Leaf Extracts of Kigelia africana.

The use of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. plant dates back to last century.

Effort-reward imbalance at work and weight changes in a nationwide cohort of workers in Denmark.

Objective: To investigate the relation between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) at work and subsequent weight changes.

Methods: We included participants from a population-based cohort of workers in Denmark (mean age = 47 years, 54% women) with two (n = 9005) or three repeated measurements (n = 5710). We investigated the association between (a) ERI (ie, the mismatch between high efforts spent and low rewards received at work) at baseline and weight changes after a 2-year follow-up (defined as ≥5% increase or decrease in body mass index (BMI) vs stable), and (b) onset and remission of ERI and subsequent changes in BMI.

Immune-mediated genetic pathways resulting in pulmonary function impairment increase lung cancer susceptibility.

Impaired lung function is often caused by cigarette smoking, making it challenging to disentangle its role in lung cancer susceptibility. Investigation of the shared genetic basis of these phenotypes in the UK Biobank and International Lung Cancer Consortium (29,266 cases, 56,450 controls) shows that lung cancer is genetically correlated with reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV: r = 0.098, p = 2.

Effects of psychosocial work factors on number of pain sites: The role of sleep quality as mediator.

Background: Objective of the current study was to determine which of thirteen specific psychosocial work factors were related to number of musculoskeletal pain sites (NPS) prospectively over a two-year time span. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore possible mediation of these prospective relationships through sleep problems.

Methods: The study was a two-wave full panel study.

Effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of type 2 diabetes in a national sample of 50,552 workers in Denmark: A prospective study linking survey and register data.

Objective: To examine the prospective relation between effort-reward imbalance at work and risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We included 50,552 individuals from a national survey of the working population in Denmark, aged 30-64 years and diabetes-free at baseline. Effort-reward imbalance was defined, in accordance with the literature, as a mismatch between high efforts at work (e.

Impact of depressive symptoms on worklife expectancy: a longitudinal study on Danish employees.

Objective: Depressive symptoms are associated with sickness absence, work disability and unemployment, but little is known about worklife expectancy (WLE). This study investigates the impact of depressive symptoms on the WLE of a large sample of Danish employees.

Methods: We used occupational health survey data of 11 967 Danish employees from 2010 and linked them with register data on salary and transfer payments from 2010 to 2015.

Association between outdoor PM and prevalence of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

There were conflictions and differences among the results of cross-sectional studies association between PM and COPD prevalence. We aimed to explore the real association between outdoor PM and COPD prevalence, analyze the possible cause to the differences and conflictions in previous cross-sectional studies. Cross-sectional literatures about the association between outdoor PM and COPD prevalence were selected up to 12 September 2018.

Evaluation of Phytochemicals, Antioxidants, Trace Elements in Kigelia africana Fruit Extracts and Chemical Profiling Analysis Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS Spectrometry.

The study aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potentials and the levels of trace elements in the fruit extract of Kigelia africana obtained by different extraction solvents in order to ascertain its numerous pharmacological activities and identify the different chemical compounds responsible for these activities. The crude extract in ethanol and four other solvent fractions (hexane, ethylacetate, butanol and aqueous) were obtained for phytochemical screening. Antioxidant potentials of K.

Childhood sensorineural hearing loss and adult mental health up to 43 years later: results from the HUNT study.

Background: Hearing loss is a global public health problem putting millions of people at risk of experiencing impediments in communication and potentially impaired mental health. Many studies in this field are based on small, cross sectional samples using self-report measures. The present study aims to investigate the association between childhood sensorineural hearing loss and mental health in adult men and women longitudinally in a large cohort with a matched control group, and hearing is measured by pure-tone audiometry.

Mendelian Randomization and mediation analysis of leukocyte telomere length and risk of lung and head and neck cancers.

Background: Evidence from observational studies of telomere length (TL) has been conflicting regarding its direction of association with cancer risk. We investigated the causal relevance of TL for lung and head and neck cancers using Mendelian Randomization (MR) and mediation analyses.

Methods: We developed a novel genetic instrument for TL in chromosome 5p15.

A prospective study of work-private life conflict and number of pain sites: moderated mediation by sleep problems and support.

The objective of the current study was to elucidate how work-private life conflict prospectively affects musculoskeletal pain complaints by exploring possible mediation through sleep problems. In addition, the study determined whether support from coworkers and superior moderate this mediated relationship. The study incorporated a two-wave full panel design and participants included 4681 Norwegian working men and women.

[Occupational health risk assessment of coal dust in coal industry chain].

To grasp the present situation of occupational hazards of coal dust in our country, understand our country coal dust workers' occupational health risks, provide information based on evidence and analysis for the government and organize to effectively deal with the current status of high coal workers pneumoconiosis incidence in China, and protect coal dust workers' occupational health. The research object is the " mining-transportation-use" of coal industrial chain, referring to 33 units. Use field investigation to obtain the coal dust exposure, dust prevention measures and the occupational health data of study object.