New CEACAM-targeting 2A3 single-domain antibody-based chimeric antigen receptor T-cells produce anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo.

Recently, a breakthrough immunotherapeutic strategy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells has been introduced to hematooncology. However, to apply this novel treatment in solid cancers, one must identify suitable molecular targets in the tumors of choice. CEACAM family proteins are involved in the progression of a range of malignancies, including pancreatic and breast cancers, and pose attractive targets for anticancer therapies.

Assessment of the response to systemic treatment of colorectal liver metastases on cross-sectional imaging - a systematic review.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Nowadays many treatments are available to help control CRC, including surgery, radiation therapy, interventional radiology, and drug treatments. A multidisciplinary approach and the role of radiologists is needed to assist the surgeon in the management thanks to emerging technology and strategies.

Application of diffusion kurtosis imaging in differential diagnosis of focal liver lesions.

Purpose: Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an MRI method related to diffusion imaging (DWI) that is distinguished by a non-Gaussian calculation of water particles movements in tissues. The aim of the study was to assess DKI advantage over DWI in differentiating benign and malignant liver lesions.

Material And Methods: Analysis included prospectively acquired group of 83 patients referred consecutively for 3T-MRI liver tumor examination, with 95 liver lesions (31 benign, 59 malignant).

The Use of Natural Language Processing for Computer-Aided Diagnostics and Monitoring of Body Image Perception in Patients with Cancers.

Background: Head and neck cancers (H&NCs) constitute a significant part of all cancer cases. H&NC patients experience unintentional weight loss, poor nutritional status, or speech disorders. Medical interventions affect appearance and interfere with patients' self-perception of their bodies.

Classification of DBS microelectrode recordings using a residual neural network with attention in the temporal domain.

During the Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery for Parkinson's disease (PD), the main goal is to place the permanent stimulating electrode into an area of the brain that becomes pathologically hyperactive. This area, called Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), is small and located deep within the brain. Therefore, the main challenge is the precise localization of the STN region, considering various measurement errors and artifacts.

Fertility-Sparing Treatment in Gestational Choriocarcinoma: Evaluating Oncological and Obstetrical Outcomes in Young Patients.

BACKGROUND Gestational choriocarcinoma (GC) is an uncommon neoplasia that occurs in women who may not have completed a procreation plan. The aim of this study was to evaluate oncological and obstetrical outcomes in young patients with GC after fertility-sparing treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS The eligibility criteria for the study were histopathological diagnosis of GC, age ≤40 years, and treatment with systemic chemotherapy.

Management of hypoparathyroidism: a Position Statement of the Expert Group of the Polish Society of Endocrinology.

Over the past few years, there have been significant advances in our understanding of hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) in terms of its epidemiology, clinical presentation, etiology, and skeletal and renal complications. Moreover, the available treatment options for HypoPT have changed. This position statement of the Expert Group of the Polish Society of Endocrinology summarizes the current state of knowledge and provides recommendations for optimal management to assist clinicians in the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of HypoPT in Poland.

Western outcomes of circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection for early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection (cESD) in the esophagus has been reported to be feasible in small Eastern case series. We assessed the outcomes of cESD in the treatment of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Western countries.

Methods: We conducted an international study at 25 referral centers in Europe and Australia using prospective databases.

Real-World Experience in Treatment of Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with BRAF or cMET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations.

BRAF and cMET exon 14 skipping are rare mutations of NSCLC. The treatment sequence in these cases for the first and second line is not clear. An international registry was created for patients with advanced NSCLC harboring BRAF or cMET exon 14 skipping mutations, diagnosed from January 2017 to June 2022.

Obstetric Results after Fertility-Sparing Management of Non-Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: To assess the recurrence and birth rates among patients with non-epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: The study included 146 patients with germ cell (GCT, n = 84) and sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST, n = 62), who underwent fertility-sparing surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 86 (58.

Prognostic value of coronary atherosclerosis and CAC score for the risk of chemotherapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD): The protocol of ANTEC study.

Background: Cardiological complications of oncological treatment, including the most serious one, heart failure, constitute a significant and still unsolved clinical problem. A history of dyslipidemia and complications of atherosclerosis, including coronary artery disease, are established risk factors for cardiotoxicity in cancer patients. In recent years, a protective effect of statin treatment on the development of heart failure in cancer patients has been observed.

Reproductive Results in Cancer Survivors after Fertility Sparing Management: The Need for the Standardization of Definitions.

In fertility-sparing management (FSM), two different issues can be distinguished: the risk of recurrence/death and the chance of childbearing. Survival is the principal outcome in oncology, and definitions of overall survival and progression-free survival are therefore well defined and widely accepted. The introduction of FSM to clinical practice was determined by the desire of young cancer patients to still have children.

The additive value of CA19.9 monitoring in a pancreatic cyst surveillance program.

Background: Surveillance of pancreatic cysts focuses on the detection of (mostly morphologic) features warranting surgery. European guidelines consider elevated CA19.9 as a relative indication for surgery.

Systematic Review of Calcineurin Inhibitors and Incidence of Skin Malignancies after Kidney Transplantation in Adult Patients: A Study of 309,551 Cases.

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and melanoma development in renal transplant recipients who receive calcineurin inhibitors to that of patients treated with other immunosuppressive agents, and investigate the possible association between the type of maintenance immunosuppression and the incidence of NSMC and melanoma in this group of patients. The authors searched databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles that would help establish the influence of calcineurin inhibitors on skin cancer development. The inclusion criteria for the study consisted of randomized clinical trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies that compared patients who received kidney transplants and were treated with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), such as cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus (Tac), to those who received alternative immunosuppressants and did not receive a CNI.

Pathological changes or technical artefacts? The problem of the heterogenous databases in COVID-19 CXR image analysis.

Background: When the COVID-19 pandemic commenced in 2020, scientists assisted medical specialists with diagnostic algorithm development. One scientific research area related to COVID-19 diagnosis was medical imaging and its potential to support molecular tests. Unfortunately, several systems reported high accuracy in development but did not fare well in clinical application.

Targeted sequencing of cancer-related genes reveals a recurrent TOP2A variant which affects DNA binding and coincides with global transcriptional changes in glioblastoma.

High-grade gliomas are aggressive, deadly primary brain tumors. Median survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM, WHO grade 4) is 14 months and <10% of patients survive 2 years. Despite improved surgical strategies and forceful radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis of GBM patients is poor and did not improve over decades.

POLCOVID: a multicenter multiclass chest X-ray database (Poland, 2020-2021).

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has put healthcare systems worldwide to their limits, resulting in increased waiting time for diagnosis and required medical assistance. With chest radiographs (CXR) being one of the most common COVID-19 diagnosis methods, many artificial intelligence tools for image-based COVID-19 detection have been developed, often trained on a small number of images from COVID-19-positive patients. Thus, the need for high-quality and well-annotated CXR image databases increased.

Predictors of long-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection of early gastric neoplasia in the West: a multicenter study.

Background: This study aimed to determine long-term outcomes of gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Western settings based on the latest Japanese indication criteria, and to examine predictors of outcomes and complications.

Methods: Data were collected from consecutive patients undergoing gastric ESD at four participating centers from 2009 to 2021. Retrospective analysis using logistic regression and survival analysis was performed.

Reasons for truly negative cytology reports preceding the diagnoses of invasive cervical cancer-Results of a false-negative cytology audit in Polish Cervical Cancer Screening Programme.

Background: False-negative (FN) results in cervical cancer (CC) screening pose significant risk for participants and should be audited. The aim of the study was to analyse the results of audit of FN slides collected in 2010-2013 in Polish Cervical Cancer Screening Program (CCSP) and to seek for risk factors of obtaining true-negative result (TN; not containing abnormal cells as confirmed in audit) before CC diagnosis.

Methods: Screening database was merged with National Cancer Registry to identify negative slides preceding histologically confirmed CC diagnosis up to 42 months.

Low-density 3D-printed boluses with honeycomb infill in radiotherapy.

Purpose: Dosimetric characteristics of 3D-printed plates using different infill percentage and materials was the purpose of our study.

Methods: Test plates with 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% honeycomb structure infill were fabricated using TPU and PLA polymers. The Hounsfield unit distribution was determined using a Python script.

Mammography in combination with breast ultrasonography versus mammography for breast cancer screening in women at average risk.

Background: Screening mammography can detect breast cancer at an early stage. Supporters of adding ultrasonography to the screening regimen consider it a safe and inexpensive approach to reduce false-negative rates during screening. However, those opposed to it argue that performing supplemental ultrasonography will also increase the rate of false-positive findings and can lead to unnecessary biopsies and treatments.

Nivolumab or Atezolizumab in the Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer? A Prognostic Index Based on Data from Daily Practice.

Background: The efficacy of nivolumab and atezolizumab in advanced pre-treated NSCLC was documented in prospective trials. We aim to confirm the benefits and indicate predictive factors for immunotherapy in daily practice.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis.

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Related Rheumatological Complications: Cooperation between Rheumatologists and Oncologists.

In cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve patient survival but may lead to severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Rheumatic irAEs are a distinct entity that are much more common in a real-life than in clinical trial reports due to their unspecific symptoms and them being a rare cause of hospitalization. This review focuses on an interdisciplinary approach to the management of rheumatic irAEs, including cooperation between oncologists, rheumatologists, and immunologists.