The role of MAPK pathway in gastric cancer: unveiling molecular crosstalk and therapeutic prospects.

Gastric cancer remains a significant health burden globally, especially prevalent in Asian and European regions. Despite a notable decline in incidence in the United States and Western Europe over recent decades, the disease's persistence underscores the urgency for advanced research in its pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Central to this pursuit is the exploration of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, a pivotal cellular mechanism implicated in the complex processes of gastric cancer development, including cellular proliferation, invasion, migration, and metastasis.

Identification and evaluation of circulating exosomal miRNAs for the diagnosis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common condition that leads to a loss of bone density and an increased risk of fractures in women. Recent evidence suggests that exosomal miRNAs are involved in regulating bone development and osteogenesis. However, exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for PMOP diagnosis have not been systematically evaluated.

CACNA1C-AS2 inhibits cell proliferation and suppresses cell migration and invasion via targeting FBXO45 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in glioma.

Glioma is the most common brain cancer with a poor prognosis, and its underlying molecular mechanisms still needs to be further explored. In the current study, we discovered that an antisense lncRNA, CACNA1C-AS2, suppressed growth, migration and invasion of glioma cells, suggesting that CACNA1C-AS2 functions as a tumor suppressor. Furthermore, we found that CACNA1C-AS2 negatively regulated Fbxo45 protein expression in glioma cells.

Expression and Prognostic Significance of Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Background: Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) has been considered as a transcriptional regulator, which is significantly related to the prognosis in various types of tumors. However, whether MTA1 is a potential prognostic index of gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) remains controversial. The current meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the role of MTA1 expression in the prediction of the clinicopathological features and survival in GIC cases.

Antinociceptive effects of oleuropein in experimental models of neuropathic pain in male rats.

Background: The present investigation explored the therapeutic actions of oleuropein along with the possible signaling pathway involved in attenuating neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) and vincristine-induced neuropathic pain in male rats.

Methods: Four loose ligatures were placed around the sciatic nerve to induce CCI, and vincristine (50 μg/kg) was injected for 10 days to develop neuropathic pain. The development of cold allodynia, mechanical allodynia, and mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed using different pain-related behavioral tests.

Decitabine prior to salvaged cord blood transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia/myelodysplastic syndrome not in remission.

What Is Known And Objective: Many refractory/relapsed haematological malignancies, in non-remission state, still have poor prognosis even after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Recently, decitabine or umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) seemed to be effective in these patients. However, few studies have added decitabine to myeloablative conditioning regimens for UCBT in patients with haematological malignancies not in remission.

Fenofibrate monotherapy-induced rhabdomyolysis in a patient with post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus: A rare case report and a review of the literature.

Rationale: Fibrates are widely used to control hypertriglyceridemia and mixed dyslipidemia alone or in combination with statins. These drugs have rare, but severe and potentially vital adverse reactions of rhabdomyolysis and secondary acute renal failure (ARF). The objective of this article is to analyze this adverse effect of fibrates and ensure the safety of drug use.

Knockdown of Ran GTPase expression inhibits the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality in women worldwide. Strong evidence has suggested that Ran, which is a small GTP binding protein involved in the transport of RNA and protein across the nucleus, may be a key cellular protein involved in the metastatic progression of cancer. The present study investigated Ran gene expression in breast cancer tissue samples obtained from 140 patients who had undergone surgical resection for breast cancer.

Suppression of Kpnβ1 expression inhibits human breast cancer cell proliferation by abrogating nuclear transport of Her2.

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most fatal diseases and poses critical health problems worldwide. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgency to investigate the mechanisms involved in BC initiation and progression and identify novel therapeutics for its prevention and treatment.

Reference Intervals of and Relationships among Essential Trace Elements in Whole Blood of Children Aged 0-14 years.

Background: Essential trace elements are vital to human health. In this study, our aim was to establish reference intervals of and to evaluate relationships among Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, and Zn for children.

Methods: We collected blood samples of 3210 children aged 0-14 years from Lu'an, China, and concentrations of the above elements were determined by atomizer absorption spectrophotometer.

The prevalence of lacunar infarct decreases with aging in the elderly: a case-controlled analysis.

Background And Purpose: Lacunar infarct (LI) is well known as a heterogeneous primary disorder of cerebral small vessel. Compelling results have demonstrated that age is a risk factor to the prevalence of LI. However, the relationship between age and the prevalence of LI remains obscure.

Seasonal Variation of Blood Calcium Levels in Children Aged 1-10.

Background: In this study, the associations of seasons with blood calcium levels in children aged 1-10 have not been evaluated.

Methods: In 2012-2014, whole blood samples were collected from 2,562 children and calcium concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The associations of seasons with calcium levels were analyzed by multivariable regression.

The blood lead levels of outpatients aged 1-18 years from Lu'an, China, 2012-2014.

To evaluate blood lead levels (BLLs) and possible influencing factors among children and adolescents in Lu'an, we collected blood samples of 3266 outpatients aged 1-18 years from January 2012 to December 2014 and BLLs were determined by atomizer absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that the geometric mean (GM) of BLLs was 29.53μg/L (95% CI: 29.

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: promising therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease (Review).

Activated monoamine oxidase (MAO) has a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the formation of amyloid plaques from amyloid β peptide (Aβ) production and accumulation, formation of neurofibrillary tangles, and cognitive impairment via the destruction of cholinergic neurons and disorder of the cholinergic system. Several studies have indicated that MAO inhibitors improve cognitive deficits and reverse Aβ pathology by modulating proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein and decreasing Aβ protein fragments. Thus, MAO inhibitors may be considered as promising therapeutic agents for AD.

Acquired hemophilia A in a patient associated with community-acquired pneumonia.

Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare disease induced by autoantibodies to factor VIII (FVIII) and may be correlated with pregnancy, underlying malignancies, autoimmune diseases or drug administration. An 81-year-old man who presented with cough, expectoration, hemoptysis and multiple ecchymoses was diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia by computed tomography scan. Respiratory symptoms were ameliorated after the application of antibiotics.

Minocycline alleviates beta-amyloid protein and tau pathology via restraining neuroinflammation induced by diabetic metabolic disorder.

Background: Compelling evidence has shown that diabetic metabolic disorder plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, including increased expression of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and tau protein. Evidence has supported that minocycline, a tetracycline derivative, protects against neuroinflammation induced by neurodegenerative disorders or cerebral ischemia. This study has evaluated minocycline influence on expression of Aβ protein, tau phosphorylation, and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) in the brain of diabetic rats to clarify neuroprotection by minocycline under diabetic metabolic disorder.

Trend of the incidence of lumbar disc herniation: decreasing with aging in the elderly.

Background: Compelling evidence has shown that the incidence of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) increases with age. In this study, retrospective clinical analysis of 601 cases of LDH has been conducted to investigate the role of age in the incidence of LDH in the elderly. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the process of aging and the occurrence of LDH in old adults.

Microglia, neuroinflammation, and beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer's disease.

Compelling evidence from basic molecular biology has demonstrated the dual roles of microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). On one hand, microglia are involved in AD pathogenesis by releasing inflammatory mediators such as inflammatory cytokines, complement components, chemokines, and free radicals that are all known to contribute to beta-amyloid (Aβ) production and accumulation. On the other hand, microglia are also known to play a beneficial role in generating anti-Aβ antibodies and stimulating clearance of amyloid plaques.

Rapamycin, Autophagy, and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and multiple pathological lesions. At the molecular level, AD is characterized by overt amyloid β (Aβ) production and tau hyper-phosphorylation. Hence, pharmacological agents that can attenuate Aβ accumulation and tau hyper-phosphorylation have potential promise for treatment of AD.

Protein Oxidative Modifications: Beneficial Roles in Disease and Health.

Protein oxidative modifications, also known as protein oxidation, are a major class of protein posttranslational modifications. They are caused by reactions between protein amino acid residues and reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and can be classified into two categories: irreversible modifications and reversible modifications. Protein oxidation has been often associated with functional decline of the target proteins, which are thought to contribute to normal aging and age-related pathogenesis.

Telomere shortening and Alzheimer's disease.

Telomeres, at the ends of chromosomes and strands of genetic material, become shorter as cells divide in the process of aging. Telomere length has been considered as a biological marker of age. Telomere length shortening has also been evidenced as the causable role in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Opioid system and Alzheimer's disease.

The opioid system may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD, including cognitive impairment, hyperphosphorylated tau, Aβ production, and neuroinflammation. Opioid receptors influence the regulation of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, norepinephrine, GABA, glutamate, and serotonin which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Opioid system has a close relation with Aβ generation since dysfunction of opioid receptors retards the endocytosis and degradation of BACE1 and γ-secretase and upregulates BACE1 and γ-secretase, and subsequently, the production of Aβ.