Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress on the damage and apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells induced by calcium oxalate crystals.

This study aimed to observe whether calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals can induce the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human renal cortex proximal tubule epithelial (HK-2) cells and to explore the regulatory of ER stress on the damage and apoptosis of HK-2 cells induced by CaOx crystals. We detected the optimal CaOx crystal concentration and intervention time by Western blot. ER stress modifiers tunicamycin (TM) and 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) were used to regulate the ER stress of HK-2 cells.

H19 Knockdown Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis by Regulating miR-130a-3p/SATB1 in Breast Cancer Cells.

Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs play an important role in BC. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), H19/miRNA-130a-3P/special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1) axis on BC progression.

Determination of Serum Exosomal H19 as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Purpose: There is an urgent need for new biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Exosomes can communicate with cells through transport molecules, including long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which is considered as a promising noninvasive biomarker. Here, we aimed to determine the potential of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 in the circulating exosomes for the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC).

Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated excessive autophagy on apoptosis and formation of kidney stones.

Aims: This study was designed to reveal the role and underlying mechanism of excessive autophagy mediated by ERS via the PERK-eIF2α pathway in the apoptosis and formation of CaOx kidney stones.

Main Methods: Ethylene glycol (EG) was used to establish a rat model of CaOx kidney stones, and 100 mg/kg of ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) or 60 mg/kg of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) was administered daily to the rats. Four weeks after administration, we collected blood and kidney tissues to analyze the occurrence of ERS and autophagy, apoptosis, renal function, renal tubular crystal deposition, and kidney damage, respectively.

Autophagy-endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition mechanism of superoxide dismutase in the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a common disease in urology, and its pathogenesis is associated with various factors. Recent studies have shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) can promote autophagy in the formation of kidney stones and exacerbate kidney injury. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), a key factor in regulating intracellular environmental homeostasis, is also directly related to ROS production.

Effect of M2 Macrophages on Injury and Apoptosis of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Induced by Calcium Oxalate Crystals.

Background: M2 macrophages have important roles in diseases such as tumours, cardiovascular diseases and renal diseases. This study aimed to determine the effects and protective mechanism of M2 macrophages against oxidative stress injury and apoptosis induced by calcium oxalate crystals (CaOx) in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) under coculture conditions.

Methods: THP-1 cells were induced to differentiate into M2 macrophages by using phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, IL-4 and IL-13.

Calcifying nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity mediated by ROS-JNK signaling pathways.

Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) play an important role in kidney stone formation, but the mechanism(s) are unclear. CNPs were isolated and cultured from midstream urine of patients with kidney stones. CNP morphology and characteristics were examined by electron microscopy and electrophoresis analysis.

Inhibition of Autophagy Attenuated Ethylene Glycol Induced Crystals Deposition and Renal Injury in a Rat Model of Nephrolithiasis.

Background/aims: Nephrolithiasis is a common and frequently occurring disease, its exact pathogenesis is remains unclear. Emerging data suggest that autophagy plays a vital role in the pathophysiological processes of kidney diseases. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the potential role of autophagy in the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones in rat model.