Leukocyte-lymphatic intersections during cardiac inflammation.

Advances in genetic, pharmacologic, and sequencing technology have led to new insight into the role of lymphatics in health and disease. This includes fundamental aspects of the crosstalk between immune cells with cardiac lymphatics. At the interface between leukocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells, myeloid populations are sources of lymphatic growth factors during inflammation.

Global burden of disease attributable to metabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39, 1990-2021.

Background: Metabolic risk factors are a significant cause of global burden among adolescents and young adults, but there is a lack of attention to the burden attributable to these metabolic risk factors globally.

Aims: This study aims to provide comprehensive estimates of five important metabolic risk factors and the attributable disease burden in people aged 15-39 years from 1990 to 2021, based on the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) database.

Methods: Global total deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used to describe the burden attributable to five common metabolic risk factors, including high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high systolic blood pressure (SBP), high body mass index (BMI), and kidney dysfunction, in adolescents and young adults.

The bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid associates with reduced stroke in humans and mice.

Bile acids are liver-derived signaling molecules that can be found in the brain, but their role there remains largely unknown. We found increased brain chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in mice with absent 12α-hydroxylase (Cyp8b1), a bile acid synthesis enzyme. In these Cyp8b1, and in Wt mice administered CDCA, stroke infarct area was reduced.

Feasibility of redo-TAVI in the self-expanding ACURATE neo2 valve: a computed tomography study.

Background: Redo-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) may be unfeasible because of the risk of compromising coronary flow or coronary access by the pinned back leaflets of the index transcatheter aortic valve.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of redo-TAVI using the balloon-expandable SAPIEN 3 (S3) implanted within the self-expanding ACURATE neo2 (ACn2) valve and to identify predictors associated with a high risk of compromising coronary flow.

Methods: A total of 153 post-ACn2 TAVI cardiac computed tomography scans were analysed.

Chest pain and coronary artery disease in cardiac amyloidosis: Prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical implications.

Amyloidosis is a systemic disease affecting multiple organs, and often presents with cardiac involvement, with 2 primary underlying pathologies: amyloid light chain- and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Chest pain can occur in both types with variable clinical presentations. This narrative review describes the relationship between cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and chest pain.

Case Management Implications for Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease in China: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

. Case management, which is defined as a fully collaborative process that includes evaluation, planning, execution, coordination and supervision, has been widely used in the field of chronic diseases. However, the clinical effect of case management in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is unclear.

Expert Opinion on the Role of Sacubitril/Valsartan in the Management of Hypertension in India.

Hypertension, a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), significantly contributes to premature death and morbidity worldwide. Despite stabilization in age-adjusted global prevalence, the absolute number of hypertensive individuals doubled from 2000 to 2010, largely due to increases in low- and middle-income countries. In 2021, only 21% of hypertensive individuals globally had effective blood pressure (BP) control.

Ectopic Calcification in Congenital Heart Surgery: A Material-Centric Review.

The modern congenital heart surgeon has an array of materials available for cardiovascular repair. With advancements in the surgical outcomes for pediatric cardiac defects, choice of material has become increasingly dependent on late-term complications associated with each material. Calcification is a leading long-term complication and is increasing in prevalence with materials lasting longer in patients.

Validity of a Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Diagnosis in Adult Patients in the Danish National Patient Register.

Purpose: To assess the positive predictive value (PPV) of the diagnostic codes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) and identify factors affecting the PPV.

Patients And Methods: We randomly sampled 200 patients registered in DNPR with the diagnostic codes DI421 (obstructive) or DI422 (non-obstructive) HCM, from Eastern Denmark, between December 1, 2017, and September 16, 2021. We assessed patients' medical records and classified whether the diagnosis of HCM was correct, incorrect, or uncertain according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines.

Bridging the Gap: Advances and Challenges in Heart Regeneration from In Vitro to In Vivo Applications.

Cardiovascular diseases, particularly ischemic heart disease, area leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) results in extensive cardiomyocyte loss, inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, fibrosis, and ultimately, adverse ventricular remodeling associated with impaired heart function. While heart transplantation is the only definitive treatment for end-stage heart failure, donor organ scarcity necessitates the development of alternative therapies.

Impact of genetic factors on antioxidant rescue of maternal diabetes-associated congenital heart disease.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects approximately 1% of live births. Although genetic and environmental etiologic contributors have been identified, the majority of CHD lacks a definitive cause, suggesting the role of gene-environment interactions (GxEs) in disease pathogenesis. Maternal diabetes mellitus (matDM) is among the most prevalent environmental risk factors for CHD.

Prospective study on the impact of different antithrombotic therapies on subclinical leaflet thickening and its temporal dynamics in transcatheter aortic valves-The NOTION-4 trial.

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the standard-of-care treatment for a majority of patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis. The postprocedural antithrombotic therapeutic management is still a topic of debate and could affect the incidence of HALT, a phenomenon which can be assessed by 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT).

Trial Design: The NOTION-4 trial is a randomized controlled trial comprising TAVR patients with no indication for oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy, comparing lifelong single antiplatelet therapy (standard arm) versus early 3-month direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) therapy followed by single antiplateletet therapy (experimental arm).

In Vivo and In Vitro Approaches to Modeling Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.

Purpose Of Review: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical congenital heart defect characterized by the underdevelopment of left-sided heart structures, leading to significant circulatory challenges, and necessitating multiple surgeries for survival. Despite advancements in surgical interventions, long-term outcomes often involve heart failure, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of HLHS pathogenesis. Current in vivo and in vitro models aim to recapitulate HLHS anatomy and physiology, yet they face limitations in accuracy and complexity.

Rationale and design of the randomized COmparison of Methods for Pulmonary blood flow Augmentation: Shunt versus Stent (COMPASS) trial: A Pediatric Heart Network study.

Neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD) and ductal-dependent pulmonary blood flow (DD-PBF) require early intervention. Historically, this intervention was most often a surgical systemic-to-pulmonary shunt (SPS; e.g.