First-in-human study on tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple escalating doses of XKH001, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against IL-25 in healthy Chinese volunteers.

Background: XKH001 is a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against IL-25 for the treatment of type 2 inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of XKH001 in humans for the first time.

Research Design And Methods: This clinical investigation adopted a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) design.

A radiomics and deep learning nomogram developed and validated for predicting no-collapse survival in patients with osteonecrosis after multiple drilling.

Purpose: Identifying patients who may benefit from multiple drilling are crucial. Hence, the purpose of the study is to utilize radiomics and deep learning for predicting no-collapse survival in patients with femoral head osteonecrosis.

Methods: Patients who underwent multiple drilling were enrolled.

Dyadic effects of illness perception and maladaptive cognitive-emotional regulation strategies on the fear of cancer recurrence in breast cancer patients and spouses: an actor-partner interdependence mediation model.

Purpose: Breast cancer, as a stressful event, profoundly impacts the entire family, especially patients and their spouses. This study used a dyadic analysis approach to explore the dyadic effects of illness perception on the fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) and whether maladaptive cognitive-emotional regulation strategies acted as a mediator in breast cancer patient-spouse dyads.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, and 202 dyads of breast cancer patients and their spouses were enrolled.

Development of immune-derived molecular markers for preeclampsia based on multiple machine learning algorithms.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a major pregnancy-specific cardiovascular complication posing latent life-threatening risks to mothers and neonates. The contribution of immune dysregulation to PE is not fully understood, highlighting the need to explore molecular markers and their relationship with immune infiltration to potentially inform therapeutic strategies. We used bioinformatics tools to analyze gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database using the GEOquery package in R.

Synergistic enhancement of angiogenesis and osseointegration in 3D-printed porous polyetheretherketone scaffolds using biomimetic coatings of bone morphogenetic protein-2/fibronectin.

This study explored a novel modification method for porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants using a biomimetic coating to achieve synergistic enhancement of vascularization and bone regeneration. Inspired by the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) structure (consists of growth factors and matrix proteins), a biomimetic dual-factor coating capable of releasing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and fibronectin (FN) was coated on the surface of 3D-printed porous PEEK scaffolds using polydopamine (PDA) as a binder. Experiments conducted with MC3T3-E1 cells or HUVECs in co-culture with scaffolds revealed that the biomimetic coating not only synergically promoted cell migration, adhesion and proliferation, but also enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation simultaneously in vivo.

Modular Engineering of Lysostaphin with Significantly Improved Stability and Bioavailability for Treating MRSA Infections.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a refractory pneumonia-causing pathogen due to the antibiotic resistance and the characteristics of persisting inside its host cell. Lysostaphin is a typical bacteriolytic enzyme for degrading bacterial cell walls via hydrolysis of pentaglycine cross-links, showing potential to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, there are still grand challenges for native lysostaphin because of its poor shelf stability and limited bioavailability.

Advances in the application and research of biomaterials in promoting bone repair and regeneration through immune modulation.

With the ongoing development of osteoimmunology, increasing evidence indicates that the local immune microenvironment plays a critical role in various stages of bone formation. Consequently, modulating the immune inflammatory response triggered by biomaterials to foster a more favorable immune microenvironment for bone regeneration has emerged as a novel strategy in bone tissue engineering. This review first examines the roles of various immune cells in bone tissue injury and repair.

Construction of a prognostic model for gastric cancer based on immune infiltration and microenvironment, and exploration of MEF2C gene function.

Background: Advanced gastric cancer (GC) exhibits a high recurrence rate and a dismal prognosis. Myocyte enhancer factor 2c (MEF2C) was found to contribute to the development of various types of cancer. Therefore, our aim is to develop a prognostic model that predicts the prognosis of GC patients and initially explore the role of MEF2C in immunotherapy for GC.

Functional mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for lactylation in liver diseases.

Lactylation, a novel form of lactate-mediated protein post-translational modification (PTM), has been identified as a crucial regulator of gene expression and protein function through the modification of both histone and non-histone proteins. Liver disease is frequently characterized by a reprogramming of glucose metabolism and subsequent lactate accumulation. Recent research has implicated lactylation in a diverse array of hepatic pathologies, including liver injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Risk factors for the occurrence of arytenoid dislocation after major abdominal surgery: A retrospective study.

The incidence of arytenoid dislocation in abdominal surgery is relatively high, the cause is unknown, and it has not received sufficient attention. To identify the risk factors of arytenoid dislocation after abdominal surgery, and to establish a clinical prediction model based on relevant clinicopathological characteristics. We retrospectively collected the clinical data of 50 patients with arytenoid dislocation (AD) and 200 patients without AD after abdominal surgery with general anesthetic tracheal intubation in our Hospital from January 2013 to December 2019.

Targeted Theranostic Nanoprobes Assisted NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery Therapy for Alveolar Echinococcosis.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a serious parasitic infectious disease that is highly invasive and destructive to the liver and has a high mortality rate. However, currently, there is no effective targeted imaging and treatment method for the precise detection and therapy of AE. We proposed a new two-step targeting strategy (TSTS) for AE based on poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA).

Maternal Gut Inflammation Aggravates Acute Liver Failure Through Facilitating Ferroptosis via Altering Gut Microbial Metabolism in Offspring.

Microbial transmission from mother to infant is important for offspring microbiome formation and health. However, it is unclear whether maternal gut inflammation (MGI) during lactation influences mother-to-infant microbial transmission and offspring microbiota and disease susceptibility. In this study, it is found that MGI during lactation altered the gut microbiota of suckling pups by shaping the maternal microbiota in the gut and mammary glands.

Promising Nanoparticles-Based Oral Therapy for Effective Inhibition of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus.

Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is a poor prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, highlighting the need for an oral drug delivery system that combines convenience, simplicity, biosafety, and improved patient compliance. Leveraging the unique anatomy of the portal vein and insights from single-cell RNA sequencing of the PVTT tumor microenvironment, we developed oral pellets using CaCO@PDA nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulating both doxorubicin hydrochloride and low molecular weight heparin. These NPs target the tumor thrombus microenvironment, aiming to break down the thrombus barrier and turn the challenge of portal vein blockage into an advantage by enhancing drug delivery efficiency through oral administration.

Validation Status of Electronic Sphygmomanometers in China: A National Survey.

Background: Although the information on the validation status of electronic sphygmomanometer (ES) devices in use in health care institutions and households is much more clinically relevant than that of ES models available on the market, it remains insufficient.

Methods: A national survey was conducted across all administrative regions of mainland China to assess the validation status of ESs. Fifty-eight cities were selected with stratification by municipality, provincial capital, and other cities, and health care institutions and households in each city were chosen by convenience to identify ES devices in use according to the study protocol.

Quantitative Analysis of Hepatitis D Virus Using gRNA-Sensitive Semiconducting Polymer Dots.

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) significantly influences the progression of liver diseases. Through clinical observations and database analyses, it has been established that patients coinfected with HDV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) experience accelerated progression toward cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver failure compared to those infected solely with HBV. A higher viral load correlates with increased replicative activity, enhanced infectivity, and more severe disease manifestations.

The feasibility and short-term safety of single-site hysterectomy: a retrospective cohort study of a novel robotic platform.

Background: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic single-site hysterectomy is popular among patients and surgeons due to good cosmetic outcomes and fast recovery. However, questions remain such as loss of triangulation and instrument collision. Our aim is to test the feasibility and safety of a purpose-designed single-site robotic surgical platform mainly in hysterectomies.

Development of treatment strategies for advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer: Insights from clinical trials.

HER2-positive gastric cancer (GC), a unique molecular subtype, has garnered significant interest in recent years. Here, we review clinical trial data on advanced HER2-positive GC from the past 15 years. Trastuzumab plus standard chemotherapy remain the first-line treatment.

Baseline characteristics of patients in the Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China): a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Bronchiectasis is a disease with a global impact, but most published data come from high-income countries. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in China.

Methods: The Chinese Bronchiectasis Registry (BE-China) is a prospective, observational cohort enrolling patients from 111 hospitals in China.

Intra-Arterial Urokinase After Endovascular Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-UK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Persisting or new thrombi in the distal arteries and the microcirculation have been reported to limit the benefits of successful endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. It remains uncertain whether intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase following near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy improves outcomes among patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of intra-arterial urokinase after near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Retinoic Acid Regulates Allergic Inflammation via Limiting Mast Cell Activation.

BackgroundAllergic diseases have become one of the major public health problems to be addressed in the world today. As a tissue resident cell, mast cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Vitamin A is an important fat-soluble vitamin with immunomodulatory functions.

Gold Nanoparticle Inhibits the Tumor-Associated Macrophage M2 Polarization by Inhibiting mA Methylation-Dependent ATG5/Autophagy in Prostate Cancer.

This study aims to study how gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) function in the recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Phorbol ester (PMA)-treated THP-1 cells were cocultured with LNCaP or PC3 cells to simulate TAMs. Macrophage M2 polarization levels were detected using flow cytometry and M2 marker determination.

Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: 2024 update.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with destructive arthritis as its main clinical manifestation, which is a major cause of disability. It is very important to formulate and update a guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of RA that adhere to international guideline development standards and can be applied to clinical practice in China. This guideline is endorsed and developed by the National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, collaborated with Rheumatologists Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Rheumatology Rehabilitation Branch of Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rheumatology Branch of Chinese Research Hospital Association, and Rheumatology Branch of Beijing Association of Holistic Integrative Medicine, based on grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) and reporting items for practice guidelines in healthcare (RIGHT).

Distribution Characteristics in Clinical Phenotype and Immunohistochemistry of STK11 Adnexal Tumors: Case Report and Narrative Synthesis.

adnexal tumors are recently named tumors of the female adnexal region, associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). There is a lack of studies on the clinical phenotypes of PJS concerning the pathology and molecular characteristics of adnexal tumors. We searched for 781 relevant studies through PubMed and Web of Science, and preliminary statistical and grouping comparisons were made using the screened study data combined with our patient.

Biomaterials-mediated biomineralization for tumor blockade therapy.

Recent advancements in tumor therapy have underscored the potential of biomaterials-mediated biomineralization for tumor blockade. By precisely regulating biomineralization and constructing nanomineralized structures at the cellular level, this therapy achieves multi-dimensional targeted inhibition of tumors. Mineralized precursor molecules are engineered to selectively recognize and bind to proteins on the tumor cell membrane, obstructing signal transduction.

Albumin-seeking NIR dyes for high-sensitive imaging of glomerular filtration barrier breakdown.

The kidney, vital for metabolic balance, faces risks of severe diseases if dysfunctional. The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), crucial for blood filtration, disrupts in conditions like diabetic nephropathy or nephritides, resulting in proteinuria or even renal failure. Monitoring GFB integrity is essential for early diagnosis or prognostic monitoring.