Association between polymorphisms of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor gene and susceptibility to osteoporosis in Chinese postmenopausal women.

Background: The influence of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) on bone metabolism is well-established. However, it has been observed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GLP-1R gene can partially affect its function. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between SNPs in the GLP-1R gene and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) within the Chinese Han population.

Pharmacist-Led Management Model and Medication Adherence Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Poor medication adherence is associated with high morbidity and mortality among patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), which is particularly concerning in China.

Objective: To assess the effect of a pharmacist-led management model incorporating a social media platform vs usual care on medication adherence in patients with CHF.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multicenter randomized clinical trial was conducted from March 2021 to May 2023, with a follow-up duration of 52 weeks.

Evaluation of gecacitinib vs hydroxyurea in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis: final analysis results from a randomized phase 3 study.

To compare the efficacy and safety of gecacitinib (also known as jaktinib) with hydroxyurea (HU) in treating myelofibrosis (MF) patients. In this multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial (ZGJAK016), intermediate- or high-risk primarily JAK inhibitor naïve MF patients were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either gecacitinib (100 mg twice a day, BID) or HU (500 mg BID). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with ≥35% reduction in spleen volume (SVR35) from baseline at week 24.

Myeloid response evaluated by noninvasive CT imaging predicts post-surgical survival and immune checkpoint therapy benefits in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The potential of preoperative CT in the assessment of myeloid immune response and its application in predicting prognosis and immune-checkpoint therapy outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been explored.

Methods: A total of 165 patients with pathological slides and multi-phase CT images were included to develop a radiomics signature for predicting the imaging-based myeloid response score (iMRS). Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were assessed according to the iMRS risk group and validated in a surgical resection cohort ( = 98).

Probing the diagnostic values of plasma cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA for Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.

Background: Cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathological features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). It remains unclear whether disease-specific changes in plasma circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) occur in patients with PD and MSA. In this study, we investigated whether plasma cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA levels, as well as cf-mtDNA integrity, are altered in patients with PD and MSA.

Item response theory for the color-picture version of Boston naming test in a Chinese sample with neurodegenerative diseases.

Background: Although Boston Naming Test has been thoroughly validated at a global level, there is limited assessment of item-level properties using modern psychometric methods.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the construct validity and item-level properties of the color-picture version of Boston Naming Test (CP-BNT) in a Chinese cohort with neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods: This retrospective study included 424 participants, consisting of 118 normal controls, 152 with Alzheimer's disease, 101 with primary progressive aphasia, and 53 with other neurodegenerative diseases.

Effects of pharmacogenomics-guided treatment on medication adherence and the antidepressant switching rate in major depressive disorder.

Background: In the treatment of depression, medication plays a crucial role. However, insufficient patient adherence to medication often results in unsatisfactory treatment outcomes, increasing both the recurrence and rehospitalization rates of depression, and consequently imposing a greater economic burden on the healthcare system.

Objectives: Our objective was to examine the impact of pharmacogenomic testing on medication adherence and antidepressant switching rates among individuals diagnosed with depression.

Genetic profile in primary tumor tissue of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with adrenal metastasis.

The aim of this study was to examine the genomic characteristics and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying adrenal metastases in lung adenocarcinoma. 57 patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and adrenal metastases (AM) were enrolled, alongside 33 controls diagnosed with non-adrenal metastases (non-AM) at the time of diagnosis. The primary lung cancer tissue sample were analyzed using next-generation sequencing.

Glial scarring limits recovery following decompressive surgery in rats with syringomyelia.

Syringomyelia is a neurological disease that is difficult to cure, and treatments often have limited effectiveness. In this study, a rat model of syringomyelia induced by epidural compression was used to investigate the factors that limit the prognosis of syringomyelia. After we treated syringomyelia rats with surgical decompression alone, MRI revealed that the syringomyelia rats did not show the expected therapeutic effect.

Investigating the impact of non-standard positioning on the accuracy of skull tracking algorithms using dual-panel imaging systems.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of non-standard positioning on the accuracy of 6D-skull tracking using dual-panel imaging systems. It explores whether positioning patients' heads at various angles during intracranial lesion treatment affects the accuracy of the CyberKnife 6D-skull tracking system.

Materials And Methods: A heterogeneous density skull phantom was used to simulate various patient skull positioning angles.

Inflammatory factors predict infection risk during chemotherapy in leukemia patients.

Background: This study explores the novel role of specific inflammatory factors in predicting infection risk among leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy, providing new insights into managing leukemia-associated infections.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 244 leukemia patients suspected of infection, divided into the infected group (n = 194) and the uninfected group (n = 50) based on etiological testing. The infected group was further categorized into bacterial (n = 123), fungal (n = 22), and viral (n = 49) infection subgroups.

Effectiveness of combined proton pump inhibitors and posaconazole prophylaxis against invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies: a retrospective study.

Background: Posaconazole is widely recommended for preventing and treating invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in immunocompromised patients, especially those with prolonged neutropenia. However, the concentration of the oral suspension formulation can be affected by factors such as co-administration with acid-suppressing medications, influencing its efficacy and safety.

Aim: This study examined the impact of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and other factors on posaconazole concentrations and the concentration-to-dose ratio (C/D) while also evaluating adverse drug reactions in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Optimal circulatory arrest temperature for total aortic arch replacement: outcomes of neurological complications.

Background: The optimal hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) temperature during total arch replacement (TAR) and the impact of HCA temperature on postoperative neurological complications are still uncertain.

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the impact of HCA temperature on short-term postoperative outcomes, especially neurological complications, for patients who undergo TAR.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 2351 patients who underwent TAR at one of seven selected aortic centers from January 2016 to June 2023.

The cation channel mechanisms of subthreshold inward depolarizing currents in the mice VTA dopaminergic neurons and their roles in the chronic-stress-induced depression-like behavior.

The slow-intrinsic-pacemaker dopaminergic (DA) neurons originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are implicated in various mood- and emotion-related disorders, such as anxiety, fear, stress and depression. Abnormal activity of projection-specific VTA DA neurons is the key factor in the development of these disorders. Here, we describe the crucial role of the NALCN and TRPC6, non-selective cation channels in mediating the subthreshold inward depolarizing current and driving the firing of action potentials of VTA DA neurons in physiological conditions.

PCSK9 promotes vascular neointimal hyperplasia through non-lipid regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, and autophagy.

We aim to explore the impact of Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and its inhibitor evolocumab on neointimal hyperplasia. Wild type and PCSK9 knockout (PCSK9) mice were subjected to ligation of the common carotid artery, with or without subcutaneous injection of evolocumab. Mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells were pretreated with evolocumab or under siRNA-mediated suppression of PCSK9, and then exposed to platelet-derived growth factor type BB(PDGF-BB), a major promoter of MOVAS transformation to a proliferative phenotype.

Changes to Dorsal Thalamic Metabolites and Thalamocortical Tract Fiber Injury in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

Purpose: This study aims to assess thalamocortical tract fiber injury using diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and to characterize metabolic alterations in the dorsal thalamus with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).

Methods: A prospective study involved 98 CSM patients and 66 age-matched controls without neurological disease, recruited from May 2021 to December 2021. Neurological function was evaluated using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score.

Randomized, Phase III Trial of Mixed Formulation of Fosrolapitant and Palonosetron (HR20013) in Preventing Cisplatin-Based Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: PROFIT.

Purpose: Mixed formulation of fosrolapitant and palonosetron (PALO), HR20013, is a novel fixed-dose intravenous antiemetic combination that could simultaneously antagonize neurokinin-1 and 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptors. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HR20013 plus dexamethasone (DEX) versus fosaprepitant (FAPR) plus PALO + DEX for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Methods: This is a noninferiority study.

Multimodal imaging of mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney: Case series.

Background: To investigate the clinical features, imaging manifestations, and pathological characteristics of mixed epithelial stromal tumor of the kidney (MESTK) to improve the understanding of MESTK and the accuracy of preoperative imaging diagnosis.

Methods: The clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 3 patients with MESTK confirmed by postoperative pathology were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Three patients with MESTK were middle-aged women with no obvious clinical symptoms.