Unraveling the complexities of immunotherapy for thymic epithelial tumors via bioinformatics and experimental analyses.

Introduction: Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare neoplasms typically located in the anterior mediastinum. While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show promise for advanced or refractory TETs, their clinical application is hindered by heterogeneous responses across TET subtypes, lack of reliable predictive markers, and the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Methods: We analyzed TCGA, GEO, and GTEx databases to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among three TET subtypes.

Harnessing AI for advancing pathogenic microbiology: a bibliometric and topic modeling approach.

Introduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in pathogenic microbiology has accelerated research and innovation. This study aims to explore the evolution and trends of AI applications in this domain, providing insights into how AI is transforming research and practice in pathogenic microbiology.

Methods: We employed bibliometric analysis and topic modeling to examine 27,420 publications from the Web of Science Core Collection, covering the period from 2010 to 2024.

Association of Body Roundness Index and A Body Shape Index with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: insights from NHANES 2015-2018 data.

Objective: This study examines the relationship between several anthropometric indices-Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Waist-to-Weight Index (WWI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Body Mass Index (BMI)-and the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2015 to 2018.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 7,004 adult participants was conducted using NHANES 2015-2018 data. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between BRI, ABSI, and OSA.

Primary tumor resection in metastatic breast cancer from an oligometastatic perspective: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Whether patients with metastatic breast cancer ( MBC) benefit from primary tumor resection (PTR) is controversial, and the efficacy of treatment of primary tumor in patients with oligometastases is uncertain. A comprehensive search was conducted for studies published from January 1, 2008 to January 1, 2024 that compared PTR with no PTR for MBC that quantified the extent of metastasis. Ten studies and 83,559 patients with MBC were included.

Ginsenoside RK3 inhibits glioblastoma by modulating macrophage M2 polarization via the PPARG/CCL2 axis.

Background: Glioblastoma is recognized as the most aggressive form of intracranial tumor, presenting significant challenges in treatment. Recent emphasis has been placed on the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant treatment for cancer.

Methods: We employed a series of assays-including CCK8, EdU, Transwell, and neurosphere formation-to evaluate the impact of ginsenoside RK3 on the phenotype of GBM.

Enhancing radiotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer with hesperetin-induced ferroptosis via AURKA targeting nanocomposites.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive cancer type that lacks targeted treatment options. Ferroptosis, a novel therapeutic strategy, induces cell death by disrupting the oxidative-reductive balance. Hesperetin, a potential TNBC therapeutic drug, has unidentified regulatory targets.

The interaction of cinchonine and immunoglobulin G and the development of a nanocomplex with improved anti-breast cancer activity.

In this study we evaluated the interaction of cinchonine (Cin) and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Then, Cin-IgG nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and characterized. Finally, the anticancer effects of free Cin and Cin-IgG NPs on MCF-7 breast cancer (BC) cells were evaluated.

Tumor differentiation-dependent conditional survival of patients with operable thyroid cancer.

Objective: Little is known about the changing risk profile of death and conditional survival in patients with operable thyroid cancer. This study aimed to investigate the annual hazard rate of cancer death, actuarial disease-specific survival (DSS), and conditional DSS in patients with thyroid cancer and explore the effects of tumor differentiation.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer (N = 132,354) between 2004 and 2019 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Multiparametric MRI-based Machine Learning Radiomics for Predicting Treatment Response to Transarterial Chemoembolization Combined with Targeted and Immunotherapy in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop and validate multiple machine learning predictive models incorporating clinical features and pretreatment multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomic features for predicting treatment response to transarterial chemoembolization combined with molecular targeted therapy plus immunotherapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study involved 276 patients with unresectable HCC who received combination therapy from 4 medical centers. Patients were divided into one training cohort and two independent external validation cohorts.

Association between residential environment quality with mild cognitive impairment among middle and elderly adults in China.

Background: Most studies have focused on the effects of individual environmental risk factors on cognitive function; however, none have evaluated the association between residential environmental quality and cognitive impairment.

Methods: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used to include 12,801 participants in a cross-sectional study and 8781 participants in a cohort study. Residential environmental quality was assessed using indicators such as particulate matter, types of household fuel, water sources, indoor temperature, and building types.

Comparative assessment of vertical fracture resistance in endodontically treated roots with different obturating systems and techniques: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

Background: This study conducted a thorough assessment of vertical root fracture (VRF) resistance of endodontically treated teeth filled with various canal-filling systems and techniques through frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to retrieve relevant publications using PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. The retrieval time range was from Jan 2000 to Sep 2023.

Activins and Inhibins in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology.

Activins and inhibins, members of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, were initially recognized for their opposing effects on the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone. Subsequent research has demonstrated their broader biological roles across various tissue types. Primarily, activins and inhibins function through the classical TGFβ SMAD signaling pathway, but studies suggest that they also act through other pathways, with their specific signaling being complex and context-dependent.

Survival trends and conditional survival in patients with pulmonary metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Introduction: Patients with pulmonary metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) have a significantly poorer prognosis compared to DTC patients without metastases. This study aimed to establish a nomogram combined with dynamic survival analysis to predict the survival probability of patients with pulmonary metastases from differentiated thyroid carcinoma and compensate for the underestimation of survival in patients with very poor prognosis.

Patients And Methods: Patient data were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiological, and End Result (SEER) data resource from 2010 to 2019.

Prognostic and predictive value of pathohistological features in gastric cancer and identification of SLITRK4 as a potential biomarker for gastric cancer.

The aim of this study was to develop a quantitative feature-based model from histopathologic images to assess the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Whole slide image (WSI) images of H&E-stained histologic specimens of gastric cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were included and randomly assigned to training and test groups in a 7:3 ratio. A systematic preprocessing approach was employed as well as a non-overlapping segmentation method that combined patch-level prediction with a multi-instance learning approach to integrate features across the slide images.

EIF4A3-induced hsa_circ_0127071 promotes human glomerular mesangial cells senescence via JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathway.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have garnered attention for their potential involvement in the regulation of cellular aging processes. Exploring the role and mechanism of circRNAs in cellular senescence may help to identify new anti-aging therapeutic targets. In the present study, we investigated the role and regulatory mechanism of hsa_circ_0127071 in renal aging.