[Thunderstorm asthma: current status and perspectives].

Thunderstorm asthma refers to the acute exacerbation of asthma triggered by extreme weather events, which poses life-threatening risks due to severe asthma attacks and strained medical resources. Recent climate changes, including global warming, the greenhouse effect, and increased carbon emissions, have increased the levels of environmental allergens, contributing to a higher incidence of asthma and other allergic diseases. In addition, the increasing frequency of thunderstorms has exacerbated the impact of thunderstorm asthma.

Identification and resolution of drug-related problems in the cardiovascular surgery unit of a tertiary hospital in China: a retrospective study.

Objective: The prevalence and characteristics of drug-related problems (DRPs) in the cardiovascular surgery unit have not been adequately explored, leaving a gap in our understanding of this critical issue. This study aimed to address this gap by determining the prevalence, characteristics of DRPs and identifying factors associated with their occurrence.

Methods: During a non-consecutive 48-month study period, a retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate DRPs and the interventions carried out by pharmacists for patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Gene-level analysis reveals the genetic aetiology and therapeutic targets of schizophrenia.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have reported multiple risk loci for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the majority of the associations were from populations of European ancestry. Here we conducted a large-scale GWAS in Eastern Asian populations (29,519 cases and 44,392 controls) and identified ten Eastern Asian-specific risk loci, two of which have not been previously reported.

Corrigendum: Pyroglutamyl aminopeptidase 1 is a potential molecular target toward diagnosing and treating inflammation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Prognostic potential of inflammatory markers in chronic kidney disease patients combined with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Inflammation significantly impacts chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study investigates the prognostic value of inflammatory markers in predicting outcomes for CKD patients with AMI.

Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with CKD concomitant with AMI, choosing five inflammatory markers related to both diseases.

Evolution of endometrial cancer incidence patterns in Hong Kong: A three-decade analysis with future projections.

Objective: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of endometrial cancer incidence trends in Hong Kong over the past three decades. It aims to evaluate the impact of demographic shifts and epidemiological factors, including age, birth cohort, and diagnosis period, on the incidence rates. The study also projects future trends in endometrial cancer cases up to 2030 and assesses the contributions of these factors using a detailed decomposition approach.

Causal relationships between air pollution and common autoimmune diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Air pollution is strongly associated with autoimmune diseases (ADs), however, the genetic causality between them remains poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the relationship between common air pollutants and ADs through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We conducted a MR study using aggregated data from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Intravenous liposomal irinotecan in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer after ≥ 2 prior lines of chemotherapy: a phase Ib study.

This study (NCT04728035) aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of liposomal irinotecan (HE072) in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). This study consisted of two parts. In part 1, the 3 + 3 design was used to investigate three dose levels of HE072 (50, 70 and 90 mg/m).

Alterations in structural and functional connectivity of thalamic subregions in patients with uremic pruritus undergoing peritoneal dialysis.

Uremic pruritus (UP) significantly compromises the quality of life in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Although the precise pathophysiological mechanisms of UP remain elusive, the thalamus, which is integral to processing sensory information, is potentially implicated in its development. This study aimed to investigate alterations in the structure and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of thalamic subregions in patients with UP.

Preparation of sodium alginate and chitosan modified curcumin liposomes and study on the formation of protein corona.

Curcumin (CUR) is a polyphenolic compound extracted from plants with a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the low stability and bioavailability limits its practical application. This work utilized the chitosan (CH) and sodium alginate (SA) to modify the surface of the liposome to improve the stability of curcumin.

Random survival forest predicts survival in patients with metastatic laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and the prognostic benefits of surgery and radiotherapy.

Laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers are prominent within head and neck malignancies. The diagnosis of distant metastasis (DM) invariably signals poor prognosis, underscoring the need to optimize current treatment approaches. Patient data for metastatic laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer were extracted from the SEER database (2000-2020).

Correlation Among Psoriasis, Iridocyclitis, and Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Insights from Mendelian Randomization and Mediation Analysis.

The aim of this study is to utilize two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential causal relationship among psoriasis, iridocyclitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to explore any potential mediation effects. Pooled data were derived from the public genome-wide association study (GWAS) in NAFLD (finn-b-NAFLD), iridocyclitis (finn-b-H7_IRIDOCYCLITIS) and psoriasis (finn-b-L12_PSORI_VULG). Univariable MR (UVMR) analysis was implemented to explore the causal relationship among psoriasis, iridocyclitis, and NAFLD, and inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the primary analytical method.

Aerosolized plus intravenous polymyxin B in comparison to intravenous polymyxin B alone for the management of HAP caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria: A prospective multicenter cohort study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined aerosolized (AER) and intravenous (IV) polymyxin B in managing patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative organism (CRO).

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted across six intensive care units in municipal and above-municipal hospitals in Shaanxi, China, from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. Patients with CRO pneumonia were categorized into the intravenous group (IV polymyxin B alone) and the combination group (AER plus IV polymyxin B).

Dissecting the genetic basis and mechanisms underlying the associations between multiple extrahepatic factors and autoimmune liver diseases.

Background: Autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs) encompass autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The onset of these diseases is fundamentally influenced by genetic susceptibility. Although various extrahepatic factors are potentially linked to AILDs, the genetic underpinnings and mechanisms of these associations remain unclear.

Endovascular single-branched stent graft to treat complicated type B aortic dissection involving aortic arch anomalies.

Background: The optimal treatment of complicated type B aortic dissection (cTBAD) involving arch anomalies remain unclear.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients with cTBAD involving arch anomalies who underwent endovascular repair using a single-branched stent graft (SBSG) at our medical center between January 2020 and January 2023. The demographics, clinical manifestation, operation detail, and follow-up outcomes of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Cardiomyocyte-specific Piezo1 deficiency mitigates ischemia-reperfusion injury by preserving mitochondrial homeostasis.

Ca overload and mitochondrial dysfunction play crucial roles in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Piezo1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, is essential for intracellular Ca homeostasis. The objective of this research was to explore the effects of Piezo1 on mitochondrial function during myocardial I/R injury.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer, 2024 update.

The 2024 updates of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Clinical Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer emphasize standardizing cancer treatment in China, highlighting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine, healthcare resource access, and precision medicine in oncology. These updates address disparities in epidemiological trends, clinicopathological characteristics, tumor biology, treatment approaches, and drug selection for colorectal cancer patients across diverse regions and backgrounds. Key revisions include adjustments to evidence levels for intensive treatment strategies, updates to regimens for deficient mismatch repair (dMMR)/ microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) patients, proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/ microsatellite stability (MSS) patients who have failed standard therapies, and rectal cancer patients with low recurrence risk.

The Mechanism and Clinical Significance of Sperm DNA Damage in Assisted Reproductive.

The prevalence of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is significantly higher in males with infertility, which is often associated with oligozoospermia and hypospermia. It can also occur in patients with infertility who have normal conventional semen indicators. The etiologies involve aberrations in sperm maturation, dysregulated apoptotic processes, and heightened levels of oxidative stress.

Diagnostic value of digital continuous bowel sounds in critically ill patients with acute gastrointestinal injury: A prospective observational study.

Background: Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is common in intensive care unit (ICU) and worsens the prognosis of critically ill patients. The four-point grading system proposed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine is subjective and lacks specificity. Therefore, a more objective method is required to evaluate and determine the grade of gastrointestinal dysfunction in this patient population.

Exposure to green space, nighttime light, air pollution, and noise and cardiovascular disease risk: A prospective cohort study.

Current literature lacks information regarding impacts of green spaces on susceptibility to cardiovascular disease (CVD) related to harmful environmental exposures. The UK Biobank cohort study was utilized to investigate whether green spaces can mitigate risks associated with air pollutants, nighttime light, noise, and traffic intensity. Latent Profile Analysis was performed on green spaces and adverse environmental exposures in order to assess individual level exposure.

Predictive factors influencing hypothyroidism following the radioactive iodine treatment of Graves' disease in different periods.

In China, due to the risks of hypothyroidism after radioiodine treatment, radioiodine is not commonly used as a first-line treatment. In this study, factors influencing the development of hypothyroidism after I therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism were evaluated. This was a retrospective study with a 12-month follow-up.

THBS2 + cancer-associated fibroblasts promote EMT leading to oxaliplatin resistance via COL8A1-mediated PI3K/AKT activation in colorectal cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exert multiple tumor-promoting functions and are key contributors to drug resistance. The mechanisms by which specific subsets of CAFs facilitate oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been fully explored. This study found that THBS2 is positively associated with CAF activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance at the pan-cancer level.

Perioperative Changes in Serum Transaminases Levels Predicts Long-Term Survival Following Liver Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: We sought to define whether and how hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) as manifested by perioperative aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels impact long-term outcomes after curative-intent resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: Intrasplenic injection of HCC cells was used to establish a murine model of HCC recurrence with versus without I/R injury. Patients who underwent curative resection for HCC were identified from a multi-institutional derivative cohort (DC) and separate external validation (VC) cohort.

Identifying subgroups of ypN1 breast cancer patients who may exempt from axillary lymph node dissection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: insights from a large cohort study.

Background: In patients with breast cancer staged ypN1 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), there is limited evidence-based guidance regarding exemption from axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).

Methods: This study analyzed ypN1 breast cancer patients post-NAC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases. Patients were categorized into the breast-conserving surgery (BCS) group and the total mastectomy (TM) group, and further divided by the number of positive lymph nodes (LNs).