Evaluation of perfusion MRI value for tumor progression assessment after glioma radiotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) as a noninvasive method to assess post-treatment radiation effect and tumor progression in patients with glioma.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases up to March 2020. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2.

Dysregulation of lnc-SNHG1 and miR-216b-5p correlate with chemoresistance and indicate poor prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to explore whether the dysregulation of lnc-small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (SNHG1) and miR-216b-5p correlated with chemoresistance and indicated poor prognosis of serous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Methods And Results: The expression of lnc-SNHG1 was upregulated, while miR-216b-5p showed low expression in patients with chemoresistant EOC compared with patients with chemosensitive EOC. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the expression of miR-216b-5p and FIGO stage were independent prognostic factors for the overall survival (OS) of patients with serous EOC.

Diagnosis value preoperative localization of insulinoma by diffusion-weighted imaging: A pilot study.

Insulinoma is the most common functional neuroendocrine tumor that originates from the islet of beta cells. Insulinoma is usually an isolated benign tumor and small in size (<2 cm). Due to the small size of the lesion, it often leads to difficulty in clinical preoperative localization diagnosis.

External beam radiotherapy with or without californium-252 neutron brachytherapy for treatment of recurrence after definitive chemoradiotherapy.

We aimed to evaluate the application of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with californium-252 (Cf) neutron intraluminal brachytherapy (NBT) in patients with local recurrent esophageal cancer after definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Sixty-two patients with local recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after definitive CRT were retrospectively analyzed; 31 patients underwent NBT+EBRT, and 31 received EBRT alone. The response rate; 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates; and adverse event occurrence rates were compared between these two patient groups.

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To compare the efficacy and safety of Changsulin with Lantus in treating patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This was a phase Ⅲ, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active-controlled clinical trial. A total of 578 participants with T2DM inadequately controlled on oral hypoglycemic agents were randomized 3∶1 to Changsulin or Lantus treatment for 24 weeks.

[Development of a hyperkalemia risk assessment model for patients with chronic kidney disease].

To investigate risk factors for hyperkalemia among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and establish a risk assessment model for predicting hyperkalemia events. Clinical data of CKD patients (stage 3 to 5) hospitalized between May 2017 and June 2020 from 14 hospitals were retrospectively collected and divided into training dataset and validation dataset through balanced random sampling. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors for hyperkalemia in CKD patients and the factors were scored.

The Developmental and Translational Study on Biomarkers and Clinical Characteristics-based Diagnostic and Therapeutic Identification of Major Depressive Disorder: Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial in China.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous mental disease that encompasses different subtypes and specifiers. Clinically targeted treatments have not been identified yet, although standardized strategies are recommended by several clinical guidelines. The main aim of this study is to respectively identify the precise treatment for three different subtypes of MDD (ie, melancholic, atypical, and anxious).

Burst mitofusin activation reverses neuromuscular dysfunction in murine CMT2A.

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A) is an untreatable childhood peripheral neuropathy caused by mutations of the mitochondrial fusion protein, mitofusin (MFN) 2. Here, pharmacological activation of endogenous normal mitofusins overcame dominant inhibitory effects of CMT2A mutants in reprogrammed human patient motor neurons, reversing hallmark mitochondrial stasis and fragmentation independent of causal mutation. In mice expressing human T105M, intermittent mitofusin activation with a small molecule, MiM111, normalized CMT2A neuromuscular dysfunction, reversed pre-treatment axon and skeletal myocyte atrophy, and enhanced axon regrowth by increasing mitochondrial transport within peripheral axons and promoting in vivo mitochondrial localization to neuromuscular junctional synapses.

An ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma with gastric and skin metastasis: a case report and literature review.

Primary lung cancer with gastric metastasis is rare to see in the world, little is known about its characteristics. Here, we describe the first case of primary lung adenocarcinoma with gastric and skin metastases along with a review of literature to help clinical decision making. A 49-year-old woman admitted to our department for abdominal distension.

Effects of testicular sperm aspiration upon first cycle ICSI-ET for type 2 diabetic male patients.

Unlabelled: Male diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect erectile function and sperm quality. In severe cases, DM can lead to retrograde or no ejaculation, so testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is combined with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to treat subfertility and infertility for DM couples. However, the effect of TESA upon ICSI (TESA-ICSI) for DM patients remains unclear.

Association of HLA class II (-DRB1,-DQB1,-DPB1) alleles and haplotypes on susceptibility to aplastic anemia in northern Chinese Han.

The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes, playing key roles in mediating the immune response, especially HLA class II alleles were suggested to play a role in the activation of autoreactive T-cells in aplastic anemia (AA). Previous studies in different ethnic groups have indicated that some of HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 alleles had a protective or susceptive association with the prevalence, pathogenesis and development of AA. HLA class II genes, especially HLA-DQB1 and -DPB1 alleles or haplotypes at high-resolution level associated with AA have not been fully identified in northern Chinese Han populations.

Effects of rhaponticin on retinal oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes through NRF2/HO-1/NF-κB signalling.

Oxidative stress and inflammation have long been considered to be responsible for the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy. On the other hand, rhaponticin (RN) has received scientific attention due to its various pharmacological properties. Keeping all these in view, the present study was performed to investigate the potential protective effects of RN on the retina in diabetic rats.

Chiral Protein Supraparticles for Tumor Suppression and Synergistic Immunotherapy: An Enabling Strategy for Bioactive Supramolecular Chirality Construction.

The design of bioactive supramolecular chirality is always hampered by the lack of feasible schemes to assigned specific biological activities. Herein, we developed a "mirror-image peptide grafting" method to graft the epitopes of bioactive d-peptide onto the miniprotein template to construct a self-assembled supraparticle. Grafting PMI, a 12-mer d-enantiomeric peptide functioned as the p53 agonist, onto Apamin, we successfully constructed a self-assembled d-enantiomeric miniprotein supermolecule nanoparticle, termed MSN.

Discovery of 6-Phenylhexanamide Derivatives as Potent Stereoselective Mitofusin Activators for the Treatment of Mitochondrial Diseases.

Mutations in the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin (MFN) 2 cause the chronic neurodegenerative condition Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A), for which there is currently no treatment. Small-molecule activators of MFN1 and MFN2 enhance mitochondrial fusion and offer promise as therapy for this condition, but prototype compounds have poor pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we describe a rational design of a series of 6-phenylhexanamide derivatives whose pharmacokinetic optimization yielded a 4-hydroxycyclohexyl analogue, , with the potency, selectivity, and oral bioavailability of a preclinical candidate.

PPARγ Deacetylation Confers the Antiatherogenic Effect and Improves Endothelial Function in Diabetes Treatment.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes, and tight glycemic control fails to reduce the risk of developing CVD. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), a class of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists, are potent insulin sensitizers with antiatherogenic properties, but their clinical use is limited by side effects. PPARγ deacetylation on two lysine residues (K268 and K293) induces brown remodeling of white adipose tissue and uncouples the adverse effects of TZDs from insulin sensitization.

circKIF4A promotes tumorogenesis of glioma by targeting miR-139-3p to activate Wnt5a signaling.

Background: Glioma has the characteristics of high incidence and mortality, and is a common malignant tumor of the central nervous system. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play vital roles in progression of cancer including glioma, and circKIF4A is up-regulated in glioma tissues. However, its role and mechanisms in gliomas are unclear.

RUNX1-activated upregulation of lncRNA RNCR3 promotes cell proliferation, invasion, and suppresses apoptosis in colorectal cancer via miR-1301-3p/AKT1 axis in vitro and in vivo.

Purpose: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have participated in progression of colorectal cancer. This study aims to study the role of RUNX1/RNCR3/miR-1301-3p/AKT1 axis in colorectal cancer.

Methods: The cancer tissues were from patients with colorectal cancer.

miR-204-5p Suppress Lymph Node Metastasis via Regulating CXCL12 and CXCR4 in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) exhibits a poor prognosis due to extensive invasion and lymphatic metastasis in the advanced stage. In this study, we firstly found that the expression of miR-204-5p markedly decreased in GC patients' tissue and serum, especially in GC with lymphatic metastasis. And ROC analysis showed miR-204-5p also served as a predicted factor for the lymphatic metastasis of GC.

Palbinone alleviates diabetic retinopathy in STZ-induced rats by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammatory activity.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the primary cause of blindness and visual impairment in diabetes patients worldwide. However, laser and surgical therapies at DR have short-term effectiveness and cause side effects. Treatment with natural products is a reasonable alternative treatment for DR.

Telmisartan improves myocardial remodeling by inhibiting leptin autocrine activity and activating PPARγ.

Unlabelled: The mechanism responsible for myocardial remodeling in hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is complex. This study was designed to investigate the role of telmisartan in improving myocardial remodeling in hypertensive LVH and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of telmisartan on hypertensive LVH. Hypertensive LVH was established in eight-week-old male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats by abdominal aortic constriction.

Magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomic features for extrapolating infiltration levels of immune cells in lower-grade gliomas.

Purpose: To extrapolate the infiltration levels of immune cells in patients with lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomic features.

Methods: A retrospective dataset of 516 patients with LGGs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analysed for the infiltration levels of six types of immune cells using Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) based on RNA sequencing data. Radiomic features were extracted from 107 patients whose pre-operative MRI data are available in The Cancer Imaging Archive; 85 and 22 of these patients were assigned to the training and testing cohort, respectively.

Research Progress of nucleic acid delivery vectors for gene therapy.

Gene therapy has broad prospects as an effective treatment for some cancers and hereditary diseases. However, DNA and siRNA are easily degraded in vivo because of their biological activities as macromolecules, and they need the effective transmembrane delivery carrier Selecting the appropriate carrier for delivery will allow nucleic acid molecules to reach their site of action and enhance delivery efficiency. Currently used nucleic acid delivery vectors can be divided into two major categories: viral and non-viral vectors.

Effectiveness of mirtazapine as add-on to paroxetine paroxetine or mirtazapine monotherapy in patients with major depressive disorder with early non-response to paroxetine: a two-phase, multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Background: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of combining paroxetine and mirtazapine v. switching to mirtazapine, for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who have had an insufficient response to SSRI monotherapy (paroxetine) after the first 2 weeks of treatment.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, three-arm study recruited participants from five hospitals in China.

Vaginal dose of radical radiotherapy for cervical cancer in China: a multicenter study.

Background: The posterior-inferior border of symphysis (PIBS) point system is a novel vaginal dose-reporting method and is a simple and reliable method proposed by the Medical University of Vienna proposed for both external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and brachytherapy (BT). In this multicenter study, we sought to first evaluate the vaginal radiation dose in Chinese cervical cancer patients according to the PIBS point system and then to analyze the factors influencing the dose distribution.

Methods: We collected data from the medical records of 936 cervical cancer patients who underwent concurrent radiochemotherapy at 13 different institutions in China.