Secondary childhood glaucoma in neurofibromatosis type 1: an unusual corneal leukoma case report.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that affects the skin, eyes and peripheral nervous system. It is rarely associated with glaucoma, especially in pediatric patients. We herein report an unusual case of corneal degeneration in a child with NF1, characterized by peripheral corneal leukoma and a membrane under Descemet's membrane.

YAP Promotes Chemoresistance to 5-FU in Colorectal Cancer Through mTOR/GLUT3 Axis.

Although chemoresistance constitutes a significant barrier to the effectiveness of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC), its precise mechanisms remain unclear. YAP functions as an oncogene in various malignancies. However, the relationship between YAP and chemoresistance in CRC needs clarification.

Chidamide combined with azacitidine as a novel double epigenetic preemptive treatment for a myelodysplastic syndrome patient showing molecular relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is theoretically the only curative option for high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR MDS) patients. However, the management of patients with relapsed disease post allo-HSCT remains a challenge with few standard treatments. Chidamide, a new selective histone deacetylase, has shown synergistic anti-leukemia effect combined with azacitidine in acute myeloid leukemia patients.

The Effect of Metformin on Radiation-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice.

Radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy. Metformin has been suggested to have a radioprotective effect. This study explored the radioprotective effects of metformin on RILF and its mechanisms.

Magneto-Photonic Effect of FeO@SiO Nanorods for Visualizing the Direction of Magnetic Fields with High Spatiotemporal Resolution.

In this work, we demonstrate the visualization of the complex magnetic fields by utilizing the magneto-photonic effect of FeO@SiO nanorod suspension with one-to-one correspondence between the visible colors and magnetic field directions. The selected anisotropic nanorods possess appropriate saturated magnetization and high electrostatic repulsion, which is magnetically direction-responsive but strength-insensitive, accurately detecting the field direction while eliminating the influence from intensity. The combined experiment-simulation study validates the accuracy of the simulation, allowing us to further determine the intensity distribution of the magnetic field.

Thiolutin Alleviates Cardiotoxic Effects of Doxorubicin by Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome in the Mouse Model.

Doxorubicin (DOX) has a limitation in clinical oncology due to its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Thiolutin (THL) can undermine DOX-induced cardiomyocyte injury by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, yet the efficacy of THL in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DOXIC) needs to be validated in animal models. DOX-induced mice were treated with THL to evaluate the efficacy of THL.

Unravelling the impact of QRICH1 modulation on endoplasmic reticulum stress and neuronal apoptosis in traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern with high morbidity and mortality rates. Secondary brain injury, marked by inflammatory responses and apoptosis, worsens TBI outcomes. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response has been implicated in secondary brain injury, with Glutamine Rich 1 Gene (QRICH1) emerging as a potential mediator.

IL-17A exacerbates synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The primary clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis (OA) are joint pain and restricted movement capabilities. Synovial inflammation, serving as an initiator of OA progression, intensifies cartilage damage via the generation of various deleterious agents, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and nociceptive mediators. Despite extensive research on modulating synovial inflammation to retard OA progression, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of synovial inflammation in OA remain elusive.

Effect of subcutaneous adipose tissue-associated CSRP2 on the progression of prostate cancer via the WDR5/USP44 pathway.

Elevated subcutaneous adipose tissue in obese men correlates strongly with a higher risk of aggressive prostate cancer and poor treatment outcomes, but the exact mechanism underlying the increased risk remains elusive. To address this question, we analyzed prostate cancer transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas as well as single-cell RNA sequencing and tissue microarray data from prostate cancer cells. Subcutaneous adipose tissue-associated cysteine-rich protein 2 (CSRP2) was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer epithelial cells.

Development and validation of a deep learning model for morphological assessment of myeloproliferative neoplasms using clinical data and digital pathology.

The subjectivity of morphological assessment and the overlapping pathological features of different subtypes of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) make accurate diagnosis challenging. To improve the pathological assessment of MPNs, we developed a diagnosis model (fusion model) based on the combination of bone marrow whole-slide images (deep learning [DL] model) and clinical parameters (clinical model). Thousand and fifty-one MPN and non-MPN patients were divided into the training, internal testing and one internal and two external validation cohorts (the combined validation cohort).

Study on the Role of microRNA-138-5p Through Sorbin and SH3 Domain-Containing Protein 2 in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the major threats to women's health worldwide. This study focuses on the roles of sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 2 (SORBS2) protein and microRNA-138-5p in the progression of BRCA, analyzing their regulatory effects on cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration ability. Using bioinformatics tools and experimental methods, the study found that SORBS2 is commonly underexpressed in BRCA.

Predictive value of low serum interleukin-33 levels in acute ischemic stroke outcomes.

Background: Human interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 family, has been identified as a therapeutic target due to its role as a proinflammatory mediator in various diseases. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of serum IL-33 levels in patients admitted with their first-ever acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study included 216 patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Polyvinylalcohol-carbazate mitigates acute lung injury caused by hydrochloric acid.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Gastric contents aspiration is one of the most common causes of ALI/ARDS. To date, there are still no specific and effective pharmacological treatments for ALI/ARDS.

Total burden of cerebral small vessel disease predict subjective cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: This study investigates the correlation between the total burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (CSVD) and Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 422 patients with PD. Demographic and clinical data were collected.

Harnessing hydrogen sulfide in injectable hydrogels that guide the immune response and osteoclastogenesis balance for osteoporosis treatment.

Elevated levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and a dysregulated osteoclastogenesis balance frequently characterize the microenvironment of osteoporosis, which impedes the processes of healing and repair. Existing treatment approaches are limited in scope and rely primarily on factors and drugs. An injectable hydrogel designed for the ROS-responsive release of HS gas is presented in this study.

Effect of comprehensive management combined with cognitive intervention on patient cooperation and complications during digestive endoscopy.

Background: As lifestyles continue to change worldwide, the incidence of digestive tract carcinoma has gradually increased. Digestive endoscopy is an important tool that can assist in the diagnosis, treatment, and surgical intervention for this disease. However, the examination process is affected by many factors, and patient cooperation is often poor, which can increase the risk of complications.

Endothelial KDM5B Regulated by Piezo1 Contributes to Disturbed Flow Induced Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation.

Epigenetic modifications play an important role in disturbed flow (d-flow) induced atherosclerotic plaque formation. By analysing a scRNA-seq dataset of the left carotid artery (LCA) under d-flow conditions, we found that Jarid1b (KDM5B) was upregulated primarily in a subcluster of endothelial cells in response to d-flow stimulation. We therefore investigated the mechanism of KDM5B expression and the role of KDM5B in endothelial cell.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3ANPM1FLT3-ITD in acute myeloid leukemia: real-world multicenter analysis in China.

The cooccurrence of NPM1, FLT3-ITD, and DNMT3A mutations (i.e., triple mutation) is related to dismal prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving chemotherapy alone.