Drug interaction evaluation of the novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor tunodafil (youkenafil): Effects of tunodafil on omeprazole pharmacokinetics based on CYP2C19 gene polymorphism, and effects of ritonavir on tunodafil pharmacokinetics.

Purpose: To evaluate the drug-drug interactions (DDI) of tunodafil (youkenafil), a novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, its inhibitory effects on CYP450 enzymes in vitro and its clinical trials in combination with ritonavir or omeprazole were conducted.

Methods: The inhibitory effect of tunodafil on seven major CYP450 enzymes in human liver microsomes was investigated by probe substrate method. The effect of tunodafil on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole (CYP2C19 substrate) in 40 healthy subjects, who received a single dose of 40 mg omeprazole in combination with tunodafil on the day 8 after taking 100 mg tunodafil daily for 7 days, was assessed based on CYP2C19 genotypes.

Single-dose suraxavir marboxil for acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Suraxavir marboxil (GP681) is an antiviral drug inhibiting the polymerase acidic protein (PA) of RNA polymerase, of influenza. It has shown therapeutic activity against influenza A and B virus infections in preclinical studies. In this multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil (40-mg oral dose) in otherwise healthy outpatients aged 5-65 years with uncomplicated influenza unaccompanied by severe issues.

Quercetin Promote the Chemosensitivity in Organoids Derived from Patients with Breast Cancer.

Aim: The study aimed to culture organoids from tissues of patients with breast cancer (BC) and use the organoids to measure the sensitivity to quercetin and its combination with chemotherapeutic agents.

Methods: Four patient-derived organoids (PDOs) of BC were cultured. The proliferative activity and morphology of PDOs were evaluated on different generations and after resuscitation.

Pericardial Abscess Due to Salmonella Typhi Infection.

Typhoid fever is a human-specific disease caused by subspecies of Salmonella enterica (Salmonella Typhi). It spreads through ingestion of contaminated food or water and is diagnosed through blood culture or bone marrow culture. It typically presents as an intestinal infection, with a few patients developing severe disseminated infections.

Identification of Candidate Hub Genes and Drug Targets for Cholangiocarcinoma via Juhua (Chrysanthemum Morifolium) Bioactivity and Molecular Docking: A Bioinformatics Approach.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is a malignancy with poor clinical outcomes and limited treatment options. While extensive research has investigated genetic and signaling pathways in CHOL, the molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. A key hurdle has been the lack of a systematic, multi-omic approach to illuminate causal relationships between genetic variants and CHOL risk.

Correlation analysis and recurrence evaluation system for patients with recurrent hepatolithiasis: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Methods for accurately predicting the prognosis of patients with recurrent hepatolithiasis (RH) after biliary surgery are lacking. This study aimed to develop a model that dynamically predicts the risk of hepatolithiasis recurrence using a machine-learning (ML) approach based on multiple clinical high-order correlation data.

Materials And Methods: Data from patients with RH who underwent surgery at five centres between January 2015 and December 2020 were collected and divided into training and testing sets.

Study on the Role of microRNA-138-5p Through Sorbin and SH3 Domain-Containing Protein 2 in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) is one of the major threats to women's health worldwide. This study focuses on the roles of sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 2 (SORBS2) protein and microRNA-138-5p in the progression of BRCA, analyzing their regulatory effects on cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle, and migration ability. Using bioinformatics tools and experimental methods, the study found that SORBS2 is commonly underexpressed in BRCA.

Machine Learning Based on Digital Mammography to Reduce the Need for Invasive Biopsies of Benign Calcifications Classified in BI-RADS Category 4.

This study aims to develop a machine learning model applied on digital mammograms to reduce unnecessary invasive biopsies for suspicious calcifications classified as BI-RADS category 4. This study retrospectively analyzed data from 372 female patients with pathologically confirmed BI-RADS category 4 mammographic calcifications. Patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College (n = 275) were divided chronologically into a training and internal validation set.

Risk of Bleeding, Thrombosis and Death among Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated with Oral Anticoagulants Across Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rates.

There are limited data about the clinical benefits and harm of oral anticoagulants (OACs) for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease using CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) creatinine equation for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation in nuanced GFR stratification. We conducted a retrospective study in 12 centers in China and included 9,510 patients with AF. We grouped patients into the following estimated GFR (eGFR) categories: ≥60 (n = 7,616), 45 to 59 (n = 1,139), 30 to 44 (n = 474), and <30 (n = 281) ml/min/1.

Inhibition of miR-20a-5p Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Colorectal Cancer Cells Through GJA1.

This study was designed to clarify the role of GJA1 in colorectal cancer. qPCR was adopted to detect the GJA1 and miR-20a-5p expression levels in tumor tissues and cells; and EdU, Transwell assay, Scratch test to examine the migration, invasion, and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. The EMT-related protein expression was measured by immunofluorescence and western Blot.

FENDRR represses Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation, Stemness, Migration, Invasion, and EMT Process by Targeting miR-18a-5p/AFF4 Axis.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the urinary tract and ranks among the most common tumors globally due to its high recurrence and fatality rates. Evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may serve as novel biomarkers for cancer therapy. The study aimed to investigate the functions of lncRNA fetal-lethal non-coding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR) in regulating malignant phenotypes of BC cell lines (T24 and RT-4) and the underlying mechanism.

METTL3/YTDHF1 Stabilizes CSRP1 mRNA to Regulate Glycolysis and Promote Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression.

CSRP1 (Cysteine and Glycine-Rich Protein 1) is a protein often overactivated in various cancers, promoting cell proliferation and survival, making it a key factor in cancer development. However, it is worth noting that the effect of this protein on the glycolysis process in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) has not yet been studied. This study aims to investigate the role of the METTL3/YTHDF1 axis in regulating Glycolysis and its impact on AML progression by stabilizing CSRP1 mRNA.

Phase I study of BC001, a novel fully human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, in advanced solid tumors.

Background: BC001 is a novel fully human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody blocking VEGFR2. This phase I study aimed to assess BC001 alone and plus chemotherapy in solid tumors.

Methods: In dose escalation part, BC001 was assessed at dose levels of 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 mg/kg on day 1,15, every 28 days, followed an accelerated titration and "3 + 3" design.

Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy as a First-Line Therapy for Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase 3 EXTENTORCH Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) have poor prognoses and unmet medical needs.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of toripalimab plus etoposide and platinum-based chemotherapy (EP) vs placebo plus EP as a first-line treatment for patients with ES-SCLC.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 randomized clinical trial (EXTENTORCH study) enrolled patients from September 26, 2019, to May 20, 2021, and was conducted at 49 sites in China.

Pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism in adolescents: A medical case report and literature review.

Prompt and precise diagnosis of pituitary hyperplasia secondary to primary hypothyroidism (PHPH) is crucial to avoid unwarranted pituitary surgery and potential permanent impairment. Although PHPH may present similarly to pituitary adenoma, it is responsive to thyroxine therapy, underscoring the critical role of differential diagnosis in the treatment of adolescent patients.

Asiaticoside improves diabetic nephropathy by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis: An and study.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and renal fibrosis. Asiaticoside (AC) exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic properties, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits for DN. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of AC against DN and elucidate the underlying mechanisms involving the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) antioxidant pathway.

Functional investigation and two-sample Mendelian randomization study of primary biliary cholangitis hub genes.

Background: The identification of specific gene expression patterns is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and finding relevant biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.

Aim: To determine PBC-associated hub genes and assess their clinical utility for disease prediction.

Methods: PBC expression data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.