Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation as the Source of Cryptogenic Retrieved Clots by a Novel Thrombin Secretion Assay.

Background: Secondary prevention of acute ischemic stroke depends on identifying the source of cryptogenic clots. We previously reported that secreted thrombin activity from endovascularly retrieved clots is significantly different in atrial fibrillation (AF) versus atherosclerosis (AS) related, probably due to the in-vivo biology of the clots.

Objectives: To validate and optimize thrombin secretion for clot source diagnosis.

Avelumab + axitinib vs sunitinib as first-line treatment for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: final analysis of the phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial.

Background: In the phase 3 JAVELIN Renal 101 trial (NCT02684006), first-line treatment with avelumab + axitinib resulted in significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and a higher objective response rate (ORR) vs sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report the final analysis, including the primary analysis of overall survival (OS).

Patients And Methods: Patients with untreated aRCC (any prognostic risk score) were enrolled.

The effect of the length of chimney's protrusion on the hemodynamics of abdominal aorta stent graft after endovascular aneurysm repair.

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysms present a significant clinical challenge, particularly when located near the renal arteries. In cases of infra-renal abdominal aortic aneurysms, the main stent graft may occlude the renal arteries, disrupting blood supply. To prevent this, two 'chimney' stent grafts can be implanted to maintain renal artery perfusion.

Has the Use of Enhanced Recovery Protocols in Colorectal Surgery Increased Postoperative Bleeding Complications?

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are multimodal perioperative care pathways shown to improve postoperative complications and decrease length of stay after surgery. A critical component of an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol is the use of multimodal non-opiate analgesia using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and COX-2 inhibitors.

Objective: To compare the incidence of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding between patients treated with and without an enhanced recovery after surgery protocol.

Proposed Ninth Edition TNM Staging System for Lung Cancer: Guide for Radiologists.

Lung cancer continues to be the primary cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Precise staging is imperative for the development of successful treatment approaches and improvement of patient outcomes. Traditionally, lung cancer staging has depended on the TNM staging system, and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) has recently recommended modifications.

The Thermal Signature of Wound Healing.

Background: Despite major efforts in prevention, surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a burden on patients and the healthcare system and are associated with significant morbidity. SSIs are one of the costliest healthcare-associated infections. The diagnosis of SSIs is based mainly on clinical assessment, which may result in a delay in detection.

Admission characteristics of patients with short term hospitalization.

Background: Sheba Medical Center (SMC) is the largest hospital in Israel and has been coping with a steady increase in total Emergency Department (ED) visits. Over 140,000 patients arrive at the SMC's ED every year. Of those, 19% are admitted to the medical wards.

Ileocolic resection with temporary ileostomy for Crohn's disease: does it affect long-term disease recurrence compared with primary anastomosis?

Background: We aimed to assess whether the risk of disease recurrence in Crohn's disease (CD) patients that undergone ileocolic resection (ICR) with temporary ileostomy and a later stoma reversal is different compared to patients that underwent a one-stage operation.

Methods: A single-center retrospective review of all patients that underwent elective primary ICR for CD between 2010 and 2022 divided into: 2S-ICR group-patients who underwent two-stage ICR. 1S-ICR group-patients who underwent one-stage ICR.

Combination of machine learning algorithms with natural language processing may increase the probability of bacteremia detection in the emergency department: A retrospective, big-data analysis of 94,482 patients.

Background: Prompt diagnosis of bacteremia in the emergency department (ED) is of utmost importance. Nevertheless, the average time to first clinical laboratory finding range from 1 to 3 days. Alongside a myriad of scoring systems for occult bacteremia prediction, efforts for applying artificial intelligence (AI) in this realm are still preliminary.

[COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME AND FUNCTIONAL NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: UNITY IN DIVERSITY].

Introduction: Functional neurological disorder (FND) and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) are disorders that affect quality of life. CRPS diagnosis is based on Budapest criteria that include various signs/symptoms. Despite the similarity in the etiology/pathophysiology of FND and CRPS, the joint prevalence of these two conditions in youth has not yet been reported.

The jailed coiling technique: An endovascular solution for saccular aneurysms with suboptimal fixation sites.

Objective: To evaluate the midterm results of patients with saccular aneurysms treated with the jailed coiling technique.

Methods: A retrospective review of 17 patients treated with the jailed coiling technique over a 7 year period, between 2018 and 2024 at our institution. Treatment entails placing an endograft across the neck of the saccular aneurysm followed by coiling of the aneurysm through an extraluminal catheter.

Evaluating the clinical utility of cervical cultures in postpartum endometritis management.

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of cervical cultures in the diagnosis and management of postpartum endometritis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 1069 cervical cultures collected from postpartum women with suspected endometritis between 2011 and 2021. Patient demographics, obstetric history, clinical parameters, and culture results were analyzed.

Different time courses of maturation for learning and generalization following auditory training in children.

Objective: We recently demonstrated that learning abilities among school-age children vary following frequency discrimination (FD) training, with some exhibiting mature learning while others performing poorly ( learners). This study tested the hypothesis that children's post-training generalisation is related to their learning maturity. Additionally, it investigated how training duration influences children's generalisation, considering the observed decrease with increased training in adults.

Update: The Ninth Edition TNM Staging System for Thymic Epithelial Tumors.

- Update articles supplement or update information found in full-length articles previously published in . These updates, written by at least one author of the previous article, provide a brief synopsis that emphasizes important new information such as technological advances, revised imaging protocols, new clinical guidelines involving imaging, or updated classification schemes.

Augmenting intensive care unit nursing practice with generative AI: A formative study of diagnostic synergies using simulation-based clinical cases.

Background: As generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools continue advancing, rigorous evaluations are needed to understand their capabilities relative to experienced clinicians and nurses. The aim of this study was to objectively compare the diagnostic accuracy and response formats of ICU nurses versus various GenAI models, with a qualitative interpretation of the quantitative results.

Methods: This formative study utilized four written clinical scenarios representative of real ICU patient cases to simulate diagnostic challenges.

Predictive capacity of fetal pancreatic circumference for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To assess the capacity of fetal pancreatic size, before standard blood glucose testing for screening and diagnosis, to predict maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of low-risk pregnant women recruited during routine second-trimester fetal anatomical screening at 20-25 weeks' gestation at two ultrasound units in Israel between 2017 and 2020. The predictive performance of fetal pancreatic circumference ≥ 80 and ≥ 90 centiles and glucose challenge test (GCT) was examined for the outcome of GDM.

Evaluating GenAI systems to combat mental health issues in healthcare workers: An integrative literature review.

Background: Mental health issues among healthcare workers remain a serious problem globally. Recent surveys continue to report high levels of depression, anxiety, burnout and other conditions amongst various occupational groups. Novel approaches are needed to support clinician well-being.

Pre-Operative Planning of a DCR Surgery Using Virtual Reality.

Purpose: To assess a novel Virtual Reality (VR) tool designed to enhance understanding of the nasal anatomy in patients eligible for DCR surgery.

Methods: Preoperative Computed Tomography (CT) scans of the orbit were obtained and loaded as DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) files onto the D2P software (3D Systems Inc. Littleton, CO) for tissue segmentation and 3D model preparation.

The thrombin receptor (PAR1) is associated with microtubules, mitosis and process formation in glioma cells.

The cell surface protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We studied the function and structure of intracellular microtubule (MT) and PAR1 in a tubulin-mediated process. We found that exposure to thrombin increased the percentage of proliferative, S, and M phases cells, affected morphology, and increased process elongation.

Redo Ileocolic Resection for Crohn's Disease, Does It Palliate the Patients as Good as the Primary Resection?

We questioned how redo ileocolic resection (R-ICR) in Crohn's disease (CD) alleviates patients in the long-term compared with primary resection. A single-center retrospective analysis of patients who underwent an elective ICR without diversion between the years 2010-2022. The cohort was divided into two groups, namely, R-ICR and primary ileocolic resection (P-ICR).