A Bivariate Twin Study of Cortical Surface Area and Verbal and Nonverbal Intellectual Skills in Adolescence.

Understanding the biological basis of cognitive differences between individuals is the goal in human intelligence research. The surface area of the cortex is considered to be a key determinant of human intelligence. Adolescence is a period of development characterized by physiological, emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial changes, which is related to the recombination and optimization of the cerebral cortex, and cognitive ability changes significantly in children and adolescents.

Individualized red-cell transfusion strategy for non-cardiac surgery in adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Red-cell transfusion is critical for surgery during the peri-operative period; however, the transfusion threshold remains controversial mainly owing to the diversity among patients. The patient's medical status should be evaluated before making a transfusion decision. Herein, we developed an individualized transfusion strategy using the West-China-Liu's Score based on the physiology of oxygen delivery/consumption balance and designed an open-label, multicenter, randomized clinical trial to verify whether it reduced red cell requirement as compared with that associated with restrictive and liberal strategies safely and effectively, providing valid evidence for peri-operative transfusion.

Decellularized matrix for repairing intervertebral disc degeneration: Fabrication methods, applications and animal models.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD)-induced low back pain significantly influences the quality of life, placing a burden on public health systems worldwide. Currently available therapeutic strategies, such as conservative or operative treatment, cannot effectively restore intervertebral disc (IVD) function. Decellularized matrix (DCM) is a tissue-engineered biomaterial fabricated using physical, chemical, and enzymatic technologies to eliminate cells and antigens.

An improved bone transport surgical method for treating chronic ischemic ulcers (thromboangiitis obliterans).

Introduction: The chronic ischemic injury of the upper/lower limbs caused by thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO, Buerger's disease) is difficult to heal, leading to high morbidity and amputation risk, seriously lowering the quality of life of patients. So far, the pathogenesis of this disease is still not clear, and there are still no effective therapeutic approaches. Here, we first use an improved bone transport technique to treat TAO-related foot ulcers and achieve good therapeutic effects.

Efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons in the treatment of coronary lesions in very small vessels: a prospective, multicenter, single-arm trial.

Background: Evidence of the use of drug-coated balloons (DCB) in large or small coronary lesions and in-stent restenosis has accumulated over the past years. Due to their anatomical peculiarity, the treatment of very small vessels (VSV) (lumen diameter <2 mm) is still a controversial issue. Studies that examine the use of DCB in VSV are limited.

Bevacizumab biosimilar LY01008 compared with bevacizumab (Avastin) as first-line treatment for Chinese patients with unresectable, metastatic, or recurrent non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, phase III trial.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the preclinical pharmacological and toxicological consistency, and clinical pharmacokinetic equivalence of bevacizumab biosimilar LY01008 with reference bevacizumab (Avastin). This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of LY01008 with Avastin in first-line treatment of Chinese patients with advanced or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Stage IIIB-IV NSCLC patients with evaluable lesions, good physical status, and adequate organ functions from 67 centers across China were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive LY01008 or Avastin 15 mg/kg intravenously in combination with paclitaxel/carboplatin (combined treatment) for 4-6 cycles, followed by maintenance monotherapy with LY01008 until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or death.

[Expression and Clinical Significance of CTGF in Patients with Multiple Myeloma].

Objective: To detect the relationship between CTGF in the bone marrow of MM patients and osteolytic lesion of myeloma, moreover, to investigate the clinical significance of CTGF in MM.

Methods: Fifity-four MM patients treated in our hospital from March 2019 to April 2020 were enrolled, and 28 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. The plasma in bone marrow of the patients was collected, and the ELISA was used to detect the level of CTGF in bone marrow plasma and the relationship between its and clinical characteristics were statistically analyzed.

Aspirin attenuates YAP and β-catenin expression by promoting β-TrCP to overcome docetaxel and vinorelbine resistance in triple-negative breast cancer.

The use of aspirin has been associated with reduced breast cancer risk, but it is litter known if aspirin overcomes chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Herein, we demonstrated that changes in the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) and β-catenin might be a promising predictive biomarker for neoadjuvant chemotherapy sensitivity in TNBC patients. Inhibition of YAP or β-catenin enhanced the cytotoxicity of the anti-microtubule agents docetaxel and vinorelbine against drug-resistant TNBC cells as well as the sensitivity of these cells to the agents in vitro and in vivo.

Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents vascular intimal hyperplasia involved by SDF-1α/CXCR4, SCF/c-kit and FKN/CX3CR1 axes in a rat balloon injury.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.

Expression of Collagen (Types I, III, and V), HSP47, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 in Retrobulbar Adipose Tissue of Patients with Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression of collagen (types I, III, and V), heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the retrobulbar adipose tissues of patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).

Materials And Methods: The retrobulbar adipose tissues were collected from 4 TAO patients undergoing orbital decompression and 4 ocular enucleation patients with atrophic eyeball caused by ocular trauma between May 2019 and September 2019. Masson staining was performed to analyze the differences in collagen expression and degree of histologic fibrosis in each sample.

Ectopic Expression of miR-532-3p Suppresses Bone Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Cells via Inactivating NF-κB Signaling.

miR-532-3p is a widely documented microRNA (miRNA) involved in multifaceted processes of cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of miR-532-3p in bone metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa) remain largely unknown. Herein, we report that miR-532-3p was downregulated in PCa tissues with bone metastasis, and downexpression of miR-532-3p was significantly associated with Gleason grade and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and predicted poor bone metastasis-free survival in PCa patients.

Apolipoprotein E promotes white matter remodeling via the Dab1-dependent pathway after traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Axonal injury results in long-term neurological deficits in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) has been reported to activate intracellular adaptor protein Disabled-1 (Dab1) phosphorylation via its interaction with ApoE receptors. The Dab1 pathway acts as a regulator of axonal outgrowth and growth cone formation in the brain.

The Impact of Renal Denervation on the Progression of Heart Failure in a Canine Model Induced by Right Ventricular Rapid Pacing.

Heart failure (HF) has been proposed as a potential indication of renal denervation (RDN). However, the mechanisms enabling RDN to attenuate HF are not well understood, especially the central effects of RDN. The aim of this study was to decipher the mode of operation of RDN in the treatment of HF using a canine model of right ventricular rapid pacing-induced HF.

Comparative Study of Retroperitoneal Laparoscopic Versus Open Ipsilateral Nephrectomy After Percutaneous Nephrostomy: A Multicenter Analysis.

To investigate the feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ipsilateral nephrectomy of a benign nonfunctional kidney after percutaneous nephrostomy, and to compare this method with open surgery. Data from 70 patients who underwent simple nephrectomy from January 2014 to October 2018 at three large centers were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent percutaneous nephrostomy because of renal or ureteral calculi with severe hydronephrosis or pyonephrosis.

Apolipoprotein E Deficiency Aggravates Neuronal Injury by Enhancing Neuroinflammation via the JNK/c-Jun Pathway in the Early Phase of Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice.

Neuronal injury is the primary cause of poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene has been suggested to be involved in the prognosis of SAH patients. However, the role of APOE in neuronal injury after SAH has not been well studied.

Icariside II affects hippocampal neuron axon regeneration and improves learning and memory in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a basic pathological process that is comorbid with brain diseases, such as vascular Parkinsonism and Alzheimer's disease. Icariside II (ICS II), which is one of the main metabolites of icariin, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and protects against ischemic brain injury. This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective effects of ICS II on neuronal axon regeneration-related factors in a CCH rat model.

Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation-based quantitative proteomic analysis of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis and H2AX in etoposide-induced renal cell carcinoma apoptosis.

Background: X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is a vital factor in the anti-apoptosis mechanism of tumors and is highly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the mechanism through which XIAP regulates DNA damage repair is unknown. This study investigated the regulatory mechanism of XIAP in etoposide-induced apoptosis in two Caki-1 cell lines with high or low XIAP expression.

miR-204-5p Represses Bone Metastasis via Inactivating NF-κB Signaling in Prostate Cancer.

The prime issue derived from prostate cancer (PCa) is its high prevalence to metastasize to bone. MicroRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) has been reported to be involved in the development and metastasis in a variety of cancers. However, the clinical significance and biological functions of miR-204-5p in bone metastasis of PCa are still not reported yet.

Phosphorylation of eIF2α mitigates endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatocyte necroptosis in acute liver injury.

Introduction And Objectives: Necroptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in acute and chronic liver injury. Activated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) attenuates protein synthesis and relieves the load of protein folding in the ER. In this study, we aimed to analyze the impact of eIF2α phosphorylation on hepatocyte necroptosis in acute liver injury.

[Establishment of Ace2 knockout mouse model with CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting technology].

The aim of the study was to establish Ace2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) knockout mouse model with CRISPR/Cas9 gene targeting technology. A vector targeting Ace2 gene knockout was constructed with the primers of single-guide RNA (gRNA), and then transcribed gRNA/Cas9 mRNA was micro-injected into the mouse zygote. The deletion of exons 3 to 18 of Ace2 gene in mice was detected and identified by PCR and gene sequencing.

Clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for gastric varices with a gastrorenal shunt: a multicenter study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection for gastric varices with a gastrorenal shunt.

Methods: Records were reviewed of patients with gastric varices and concomitant gastrorenal shunts who underwent clip-assisted endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection at three tertiary centers between April 2016 and October 2018. The assessed outcomes were technical success rate, eradication of gastric varices, cyanoacrylate embolization, and all-cause rebleeding.

[Clinical effects of free superficial femoral artery femoral triangle perforator flap in the repair of skin and soft tissue defects in extremities].

To investigate the clinical effects of free superficial femoral artery femoral triangle perforator flap in the repair of skin and soft tissue defects in extremities. From January 2016 to November 2017, 14 patients (9 males and 5 females, aged 19 to 54 years) with skin and soft tissue defects in extremities accompanied with tendon and bone exposure were admitted to our unit. The size of skin and soft tissue defects after debridement ranged from 7 cm×3 cm to 10 cm×7 cm.

Mechanism of Emulsified Isoflurane Postconditioning-Induced Activation of the Nrf2-Antioxidant Response Element Signaling Pathway During Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion: The Relationship With Reactive Oxygen Species.

Emulsified isoflurane (EI) has been shown to alleviate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. However, previous reports have not been focused on the underlying mechanism. We used models of IR injury in Langendorff-isolated rat hearts to determine the relationship between the mechanism underlying EI postconditioning (EIP)-induced activation of the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element signaling pathway during myocardial IR, and its relationship with reactive oxygen species.