Epidemiology and outcome analysis of facial burns: A retrospective multicentre study 2011-2015.

Background: The head and neck regions are frequent sites of burns, but few studies have analysed and reported the epidemiology of facial burns. As the face is the centre of one's identity and persona, facial injuries often result in physical and psychological morbidity. The aim of this article is to describe the epidemiology and outcome of facial burns in China and to suggest future preventive strategies.

Berberine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via the PERK-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling axis.

A fundamental element of acute lung injury (ALI) is the inflammatory response, which can affect the entire respiratory system, including the respiratory tract and alveoli. Berberine has gained attention because of its anti-inflammatory effects. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are involved in lung injury.

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of severe burn patients: results of a retrospective multicenter study in China, 2011-2015.

Background: Severe burns injury is a serious pathology, leading to teratogenicity and significant mortality, and it also has a long-term social impact. The aim of this article is to describe the hospitalized population with severe burns injuries in eight burn centers in China between 2011 and 2015 and to suggest future preventive strategies.

Methods: This 5-year retrospective review included all patients with severe burns in a database at eight institutions.

[Downregulation of PTTG1 expression inhibits the proliferation and invasiveness and promotes the apoptosis of human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells].

Objective: To investigate the effects of down-regulation of PTTG1 expression on the proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis of androgen-independent human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells and their sensitivity to androgen antagonists.

Methods: Human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells were transfected with siRNA targeting the PTTG1 gene using the Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent. The proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis of the cells were detected by MTT, Transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively.

Salvia przewalskii extract of total phenolic acids inhibit TLR4 signaling activation in podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in vitro.

Background: TLR4 signaling is known to be involved in podocyte injury. We have previously shown that Salvia przewalskii extract of total phenolic acids (SPE) and its active monomer salvianolic acid B (SalB) and rosmarinic acid (RA) protect podocytes from injury induced by PAN. In the present study, we test whether SPE inhibits TLR4 signaling.

[CT measurement and clinical application of double-row suture anchor reconstruction for the treatment of Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation].

Objective: To study feasibility and reliability of reconstruction of the acromioclavicular ligament with double-row suture anchor for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation through coracoid coronal CT measurement, and to provide a new operation method for treating acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Methods: Total 60 healthy people received CT examination of shoulder joint, including 30 males and 30 females, ranging in age from 18 to 50 years old. The coronal width, thickness and 20 degree camber angle in the medial part of the toot of coronal were measured using CT scan.

[Expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 during the development of androgen-independent prostate cancer].

Objective: To explore the expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) during the transformation of prostate cancer from androgen-dependent (ADPC) to androgen-independent (AIPC).

Methods: We established an AIPC cell model LNCaP-AI by culturing the androgen-dependent LNCaP cell line in the hormone-deprived medium for over 3 months. The cell model was verified and the PTTG1 expression in the LNCaP cells was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR during hormone deprivation.

Up-regulation of Tight-Junction Proteins by p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/p53 Inhibition Leads to a Reduction of Injury to the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)/p53 signaling pathway in injury to the intestinal mucosal barrier during severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: Both sham operation and SAP groups had 3 subgroups analyzed 3, 6, or 12 hours after the SAP induction. The concentrations of amylase, endotoxin, diamine oxidase, tumor necrosis factor α, and phospho-p38MAPK, p53, and caspase-3 and the messenger RNA levels of zonula occludens protein-1 and occludin in the intestine were measured.

Activation of corticotropin-releasing factor neurons and microglia in paraventricular nucleus precipitates visceral hypersensitivity induced by colorectal distension in rats.

Visceral hypersensitivity is a major contributor to irritable bowel syndrome and other disorders with visceral pain. Substantial evidence has established that glial activation and neuro-glial interaction play a key role in the establishment and maintenance of visceral hypersensitivity. We recently demonstrated that activation of spinal microglial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling facilitated the development of visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model developed by neonatal and adult colorectal distensions (CRDs).

Hippocampal microglial activation and glucocorticoid receptor down-regulation precipitate visceral hypersensitivity induced by colorectal distension in rats.

Visceral hypersensitivity is a common characteristic in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and other disorders with visceral pain. Although the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity remains speculative due to the absence of pathological changes, the long-lasting sensitization in neuronal circuitry induced by early life stress may play a critical role beyond the digestive system even after complete resolution of the initiating event. The hippocampus integrates multiple sources of afferent inputs and sculpts integrated autonomic outputs for pain and analgesia regulation.

Inhibitory and immunological effects induced by the combination of photodynamic therapy and dendritic cells on mouse transplanted hepatoma.

Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor and immune efficacy of photodynamic immune-therapy (PIT), the combination of photodynamic therapy and dendritic cells (DC), on murine Heps hepatoma.

Methods: DCs were derived from syngeneic mouse bone marrow and then labeled with DAPI in vitro. The hepatoma model was established by subcutaneous inoculation with Heps cells in one hundred and twenty-eight mice.

Decreased levels of perforin-positive lymphocytes are associated with posttraumatic complications in patients with major trauma.

Objective: Posttraumatic immune disorder can cause complications including systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Cytotoxic granules containing perforin and granzyme-B (GrB) are released by cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocytes, NK and γδT cells after major trauma. This prospective clinical study was designed to analyze the association between these immune components and complications after major trauma.

Novel role of silent information regulator 1 in acute endothelial cell oxidative stress injury.

Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, retards aging and plays roles in cellular oxidative stress injury (OSI). However, the biological context in which SIRT1 promotes oxidative injury is not fully understood. Here, we show that SIRT1 essentially mediates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cytotoxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC).

Analysis of miRNA expression profiling in human macrophages responding to Mycobacterium infection: induction of the immune regulator miR-146a.

Objectives: The regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miRNA) within macrophage innative response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is not clear yet.

Methods: The expression profile of cellular miRNAs during Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection was analyzed by using microarray. The expression of miR-146a was evaluated in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of bronchoalveolar lavage solution from pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and healthy volunteers respectively.

[Effects of glutamine combined with ulinastatin on inflammatory response of patients with severe burn injury].

Objective: To observe the effects of glutamine combined with ulinastatin on inflammatory response of patients with severe burn injury.

Methods: Sixty patients with severe burn injury admitted to our burn wards from January 2010 to December 2011 conforming to the study criteria were divided into control group (C, n = 20), glutamine group (G, n = 20), and glutamine combined with ulinastatin group (G + U, n = 20) according to the random number table. Another 10 healthy volunteers were chosen as normal control group (NC).

[Effect of spontaneous firing of injured dorsal root ganglion neuron on excitability of wide dynamic range neuron in rat spinal dorsal horn].

The aim of the paper is to study the effect of spontaneous firing of injured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron in chronic compression of DRG (CCD) model on excitability of wide dynamic range (WDR) neuron in rat spinal dorsal horn. In vivo intracellular recording was done in DRG neurons and in vivo extracellular recording was done in spinal WDR neurons. After CCD, incidence of spontaneous discharge and firing frequency enhanced to 59.

[Association of traumatic severity with change in lymphocyte subsets in the early stage after trauma].

Objective: To investigate the association of traumatic severity with changes in lymphocyte subsets in the early stage after trauma.

Methods: Sixty-three male patients admitted within 4 hours after trauma were enrolled. According to injury severity score (ISS), the patients were divided into two groups: mild trauma group (ISS<16, n=35) and severe trauma group (ISS≥16, n=28).

Baicalein inhibits interleukin-1β-induced proliferation of human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

Baicalein shows anti-inflammatory effects in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLS). Considering its anti-proliferatory effects on various cancer cells, we investigated the effects of baicalein on interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-induced proliferation of human RAFLS. Cell proliferation was examined by (3)H-thymidine incorporation assay.

[Transcriptional activities of tumor-specific survivin promoter and PSMA promoter and enhancer in human prostate cancer: evaluation and comparison].

Objective: To detect and compare the transcriptional activities of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoter and enhancer and survivin promoter in different human prostate cancer cell lines, and to search for some evidence for the targeting gene therapy of human prostate cancer.

Methods: The fragments of the PSMA promoter and enhancer and survivin promoter were amplified by PCR and inserted into pGL3-Basic. The recombinant plasmids were transiently transfected into human prostate cancer cell lines and normal Chang liver cells, and, their transcriptional activities in various cells were determined by measuring the expression of luciferase.

Effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cell levels after traumatic brain injury in a rat model.

Background: The effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) during traumatic brain injury (TBI) and whether it can modulate secondary injury has not been reported previously. The present study evaluated the potential protective effects of ventricular infusion of PACAP in a rat model of TBI.

Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups (n=6, each): sham-operated, vehicle (normal saline)+TBI, and PACAP+TBI.

[Calculation of inspiratory tidal volume of Datex Ohmeda 7100 anesthetic machine].

According to the basic work principle of Datex Ohmeda 7100 anesthetic machine, the calculation formula of inspiratory tidal volume is deduced in the paper. The formula is verified by clinical application. The summary how to direct the applying and maintaining anesthetic machine and its monitoring instrument by using formula is presented.

[Common ventilation modes of respiration machines and adjustment of parameters].

The summary of common ventilation modes is presented in the paper. Characteristics, work principle, the advantage on the clinical application and parameter adjustment are analyzed to help users overcome the clinical difficulty using respirators.

Photodynamic therapy combined with local chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced esophagocardiac carcinoma.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective palliative treatment for gastrointestinal tumors. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the efficacy of PDT combined with local chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced esophagocardiac cancer.

Methods: A total of 140 patients with advanced esophagocardiac cancer were divided into two groups: 42 treated with PDT alone and 98 with combination of PDT and local injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu).