Estimating the range of the maximum hormetic stimulatory response.

An ever-expanding hormetic database (HDB) was used to demonstrate that the median maximal hormetic stimulatory response (MHSR) of biphasic dose-response relationships increases in value with an increase in the number of stimulatory doses/concentrations that are administered below the estimated threshold/ZEP (zero equivalent point - i.e., the dose where the response crosses the control group value).

Proyecto Mamá: a lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese Hispanic women: a randomised controlled trial--study protocol.

Background: The proportion of women entering pregnancy overweight or obese has been rising and, in turn, is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Gestational weight gain (GWG) exceeding Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines further increases health risks and has been independently associated with postpartum weight retention. Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity, but have had limited access to interventions that promote healthy lifestyles due to cultural, socioeconomic, and language barriers.

The impact of an exercise intervention on C - reactive protein during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: C-reactive protein (CRP) during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal outcomes such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus. Randomized trials suggest that exercise programs may be associated with reductions in CRP in non-pregnant populations; however, such studies have not been conducted among pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an individually-tailored motivationally-matched exercise intervention on CRP in pregnant women.

Bioavailability of arsenic in soil: pilot study results and design considerations.

Bioavailability of arsenic (As) from ingested soil is estimated in a two-period experimental study involving 11 subjects/period. In the first period, a 7-day mass-balance study measured As in food/beverages, urine, and stool to estimate bioavailability of As in food and beverages. Food/beverage As bioavailability (percentage ingested that is not in stool samples) is estimated as 91.

Daily soil ingestion estimates for children at a Superfund site.

Ingestion of contaminated soil by children may result in significant exposure to toxic substances at contaminated sites. Estimates of such exposure are based on extrapolation of short-term-exposure estimates to longer time periods. This article provides daily estimates of soil ingestion on 64 children between the ages of 1 and 4 residing at a Superfund site; these values are employed to estimate the distribution of 7-day average soil ingestion exposures (mean, 31 mg/day; median, 17 mg/day) at a contaminated site over different time periods.

Why not routinely use best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) as estimates of cholesterol, per cent fat from kcal and physical activity?

Measures of biologic and behavioural variables on a patient often estimate longer term latent values, with the two connected by a simple response error model. For example, a subject's measured total cholesterol is an estimate (equal to the best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE)) of a subject's latent total cholesterol. With known (or estimated) variances, an alternative estimate is the best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP).