Transanal vs Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision and 3-Year Disease-Free Survival in Rectal Cancer: The TaLaR Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies have demonstrated the advantages of short-term histopathological outcomes and complications associated with transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) compared with laparoscopic TME. However, the long-term oncological outcomes of transanal TME remain ambiguous. This study aims to compare 3-year disease-free survival of transanal TME with laparoscopic TME.

Prediction models for the complication incidence and survival rate of dental implants-a systematic review and critical appraisal.

Purpose: This systematic review aims to assess the performance, methodological quality and reporting transparency in prediction models for the dental implant's complications and survival rates.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. Peer-reviewed studies that developed prediction models for dental implant's complications and survival rate were included.

Advances and applications of genome-edited animal models for severe combined immunodeficiency.

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), characterized by profound immune system dysfunction, can lead to life-threatening infections and death. Animal models play a pivotal role in elucidating biological processes and advancing therapeutic strategies. Recent advances in gene-editing technologies, including zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), CRISPR/Cas9, and base editing, have significantly enhanced the generation of SCID models.

Intestinal rearrangement of biliopancreatic limbs, alimentary limbs, and common limbs in obese type 2 diabetic mice after duodenal jejunal bypass surgery.

Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), yet the precise mechanisms underlying its effectiveness remain incompletely understood. While previous research has emphasized the role of rearrangement of the gastrointestinal anatomy, gaps persist regarding the specific impact on the gut microbiota and barriers within the biliopancreatic, alimentary, and common limbs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) surgery on obese T2DM mice.

Coexisting patterns and significance of serum HBV RNA and HBV DNA in patients with treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the coexisting patterns and assess the significance of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNA and traditional virological biomarkers in patients with antiviral treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Methods: Serum HBV RNA, HBV DNA, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg) levels were measured and compared in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The HBV RNA levels were determined using a simultaneous amplification and testing assay.

Exosomes Derived from Apelin-Pretreated Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction by Alleviating Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via Delivery of miR-34a-5p.

Background: Exosomes sourced from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXOs) have become a promising therapeutic tool for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SMD). Our previous study demonstrated that Apelin pretreatment enhanced the therapeutic benefit of MSCs in myocardial infarction by improving their paracrine effects. This study aimed to determine whether EXOs sourced from Apelin-pretreated MSCs (Apelin-MSC-EXOs) would have potent cardioprotective effects against SMD and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Oral resists the acidic pH of the stomach due to membrane erucic acid synthesized via enoyl-CoA hydratase-related protein FnFabM.

Background And Objective: Oral bacteria can translocate to the intestine, and their colonization efficiency is influenced by the gastrointestinal tract pH. Understanding how oral bacteria resist acidic environments is crucial for elucidating their role in gut health and disease.

Methods: To investigate the mechanisms of acid resistance in oral bacteria, an in vitro gastrointestinal tract Dynamic pH Model was established.

Hierarchy Reproduction: Multiphasic Strategies for Tendon/Ligament-Bone Junction Repair.

Tendon/ligament-bone junctions (T/LBJs) are susceptible to damage during exercise, resulting in anterior cruciate ligament rupture or rotator cuff tear; however, their intricate hierarchical structure hinders self-regeneration. Multiphasic strategies have been explored to fuel heterogeneous tissue regeneration and integration. This review summarizes current multiphasic approaches for rejuvenating functional gradients in T/LBJ healing.

Molecular Mechanism and Research Progress of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Regulating Radiation-induced Apoptosis Using Pan-cancer Analysis.

Radiotherapy stands as a cornerstone in cancer therapy, with nuclear DNA acknowledged as the principal target molecule for radiation-induced cellular demise or injury. Nonetheless, an expanding body of contemporary research elucidates the significant contri-bution of sphingolipids to radiation-induced cell death, particularly in modulating radiation-induced apoptosis. Radiation can instigate apoptosis through multiple pathways of sphin-golipid metabolism, encompassing the activation of ceramide synthase, acid sphingomyelin-ase, neutral sphingomyelinase, sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase, and sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase, and the inhibition of sphingosine kinase-1.

Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures in Adults With Improved Biplane Double-Supported Screw Fixation and Femoral Neck System: Complications and Surgical Techniques.

Objectives: Treating femoral neck fractures remains a significant challenge for orthopedic surgeons and imposes a substantial economic burden on developing regions. Current novel internal fixation methods demonstrate excellent biomechanical performance. However, these new internal fixation methods are still associated with various complications.

Potential Therapeutic drug Targets for Hypertension Identified using Proteomics and Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Hypertension (HT) is the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. Despite being a highly heritable trait, the underlying mechanisms of HT remain elusive due to its complex genetic architecture. Discovering disease-associated proteins with causal genetic evidence offers a potential strategy for identifying therapeutic targets for HT.

Associations of the levels of adipokines and cytokines in individual follicles with in vitro fertilization outcomes in women with different ovarian reserves.

Background: To a large extent, the ovarian reserve determines a woman's reproductive potential. The etiological and pathological mechanisms of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) remain unclear, and no reliable treatment is currently available for DOR. Adipokines and cytokines in follicular fluid (FF) play pivotal roles in follicular development and maturation.

TDP43 augments astrocyte inflammatory activity through mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis in NMOSD.

Abnormality in transactivating response region DNA binding protein 43 (TDP43) is well-recognized as the pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of TDP43 in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unknown. Here, our observations demonstrate an upregulation of TDP43 in both in vitro and in vivo models of NMOSD, as well as in biological samples from NMOSD patients.

Identification of quality markers and mechanisms of Anzi Tiaochong Fang in the treatment of antiphospholipid syndrome-related recurrent pregnancy loss: chemical analysis, network pharmacology, and in vitro approaches.

Introduction: Anzi Tiaochong Fang (ATF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Fangji widely used to treat antiphospholipid syndrome-related recurrent pregnancy loss (APS-RPL). This study aimed to identify the quality markers and elucidate the mechanisms of ATF in treating APS-RPL.

Methods: Chemical, network pharmacology, and in vitro verification were employed to identify quality markers and mechanisms of ATF.

Protocol for prognosticating PPD using EEG changes during labor pain by uterine contractions: a prospective cohort study in the first stage of labor.

Background: Lack of motivation and behavioral abnormalities are the hallmarks of postpartum depression (PPD). Severe uterine contractions during labor are pain triggers for psychiatric disorders, including PPD in women during the puerperium. Creating biomarkers to monitor PPD may help in its early detection and treatment.

Complete genome sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa YK01, a sequence type 16 isolated from a patient with keratitis.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, is frequently associated with multidrug resistance and global epidemic outbreaks, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. However, P. aeruginosa belonging to the sequence type (ST) 16 was rarely reported.

Long noncoding RNA DHRS4 antisense RNA 1 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis through a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Recent evidence suggests that the novel long noncoding RNA DHRS4 antisense RNA 1 (DHRS4-AS1) serves an important role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, its function and molecular mechanism in OS remain largely unknown.

Prevalence of malnutrition among adult inpatients in China: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

Malnutrition substantially contributes to adverse clinical outcomes. However, no national survey has been conducted to characterize its epidemiology in hospital settings in China. We conducted the China Nutrition Fundamental Data 2020 project among a multistage stratified cluster sample of adult inpatients from 291 study sites across 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities (except for Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan Province, and the Xizang Autonomous Region, please see MATERIALS AND METHODS for details of the causes) of China to generate reliable data on the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the associated risk factors.

A prospective and comparative study on improving the diagnostic accuracy of early gastric cancer based on deep convolutional neural network real-time diagnosis system (with video).

Background: Endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) is a challenge. It is not clear whether deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model could improve the endoscopists' diagnostic performance.

Methods: We established a DCNN-assisted system and found that accuracy of diagnosis is higher than endoscopists.

Periodontitis Exacerbates Colorectal Cancer by Altering Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolomics in Mice.

Aim: The correlation between periodontitis and colorectal cancer (CRC) has drawn widespread attention. However, how periodontitis affects CRC progression remains unclear.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were used to establish experimental periodontitis and CRC model.

Global vaccine research and application hotspots and trends: a systematic bibliometric analysis based on SCIE highly cited papers.

Objectives: COVID-19, a public health emergency affecting the world in 2019, not only greatly promoted the development and application of vaccines but also effectively shortened the publishing time of scientific papers. In view of these facts, the current situation, status, problems and development trends of vaccine research and application were explored through bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers in the vaccine field within the time frame of 2014-2024, and the countries, institutions, authors, funding agencies and other relevant information that contributed most to vaccine research and application were summarised.

Design: Bibliometric analysis through data analysis and visual mapping.

Dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction for remission of type 2 diabetes: multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of dapagliflozin plus calorie restriction on remission of type 2 diabetes.

Design: Multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial.

Setting: 16 centres in mainland China from 12 June 2020 to 31 January 2023.

Versatile poly (deep eutectic solvents) electroactive chitosan eutectogel for infected wound healing and monitoring administration.

The treatment and monitoring of infected skin wounds present significant clinical challenges. Herein, a multifunctional poly(deep eutectic solvent) (PDES) electroactive hydrogel is developed by optimizing the components and the ratio of hydrogen donors and acceptors, achieving well wound hemostasis, wound healing, and monitoring administration performace. The PDES hydrogel dressing exhibits mechanical properties, including high toughness, fatigue resistance (over 9000 compression cycles), and superior skin adhesion (over 70 kPa).

Carboxymethyl polysaccharides from Poria cocos (Schw.) wolf: Structure, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, tumor cell proliferation inhibition and antioxidant activity.

This study comprehensively explores the relationship between the structure of carboxymethyl-pachymaran (CMP) and its diverse biological activities, including immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory effects, tumor cell proliferation inhibition, and antioxidant activity. By adjusting preparation parameters, highly purified CMP samples with varying degrees of substitution (DS) and molecular weights (Mw) were successfully obtained. The results indicate that CMP, composed primarily of β-D-glucan, exhibits different levels of activity depending on its structural characteristics.

Glabridin restore the sensitivity of colistin against mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli by polypharmacology mechanism.

The clinical effectiveness of colistin against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen infections has been threatened by the emergence of the plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant gene mcr-1. This development underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies that target resistance mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated that glabridin can restore the sensitivity of colistin to mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (E.