A community-based peer-support group intervention "Paths to EvERyday life" (PEER) added to service as usual for adults with vulnerability to mental health difficulties - a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The number of people struggling with vulnerability to mental health difficulties is increasing worldwide, and there is a need for new interventions, to prevent more people from developing serious mental illnesses. In recent years, peer support has been suggested as a key element in creating person-centered interventions in mental health services. However, the evidence for peer support is not yet established.

Developmental Pathways and Clinical Outcomes of Early Childhood Psychotic Experiences in Preadolescent Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder: A Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study - The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11.

Objective: Psychotic experiences are common in children and adolescents and are associated with concurrent and subsequent psychopathology. Most findings originate from general population studies, whereas little is known of the clinical outcomes of psychotic experiences in children and adolescents at familial high risk of psychosis. We examined the prevalence of psychotic experiences in middle childhood and whether early childhood psychotic experiences and developmental pathways of psychotic experiences predicted mental disorders in middle childhood in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ), bipolar disorder (FHR-BP), and a population-based control group.

Annual incidence of substance-induced psychoses in Scandinavia from 2000 to 2016.

Background: Substance-induced psychosis (SIP) is a serious condition and may predispose for schizophrenia. We know too little about SIP incidence over time and across countries, including substance-specific SIPs. We estimated annual incidence rate of SIP in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden according to substance, age, gender, and socioeconomic background.

Differential trajectories of tobacco smoking in people at ultra-high risk for psychosis: Associations with clinical outcomes.

Objective: People at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis have a high prevalence of tobacco smoking, and rates are even higher among the subgroup that later develop a psychotic disorder. However, the longitudinal relationship between the course of tobacco smoking and clinical outcomes in UHR subjects is unknown.

Methods: We investigated associations between tobacco smoking and clinical outcomes in a prospective study of UHR individuals ( = 324).

Stigma towards people with mental illness in the Nordic countries - a scoping review.

Introduction: Stigma affects people with mental illness globally, however, it is proposed that stigma is less prevalent in wealthier countries and that people hold more positive attitudes in Northern and Western Europe. Even so, accounts from surveys in Denmark and Sweden reveal that stigma is very much prevalent.

Aim: This scoping review aims to shed light on the body of literature regarding mental-health-related stigma in the Nordic Countries and identify knowledge gaps.

Jumping to Conclusions and Its Associations With Psychotic Experiences in Preadolescent Children at Familial High Risk of Schizophrenia or Bipolar Disorder-The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study, VIA 11.

Background: The jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias, ie, making decisions based on inadequate evidence, is associated with psychosis in adults and is believed to underlie the formation of delusions. Knowledge on the early manifestations of JTC and its associations with psychotic experiences (PE) in children and adolescents is lacking.

Design: Preadolescent children (mean age 11.

The relative and interactive impact of multiple risk factors in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a combined register-based and clinical twin study.

Background: Research has yielded evidence for genetic and environmental factors influencing the risk of schizophrenia. Numerous environmental factors have been identified; however, the individual effects are small. The additive and interactive effects of multiple risk factors are not well elucidated.

Discontinuation of antipsychotics in individuals with first-episode schizophrenia and its association to functional outcomes, hospitalization and death: a register-based nationwide follow-up study.

Background: Discontinuation of antipsychotic medication may be linked to high risk of relapse, hospitalization and mortality. This study investigated the use and discontinuation of antipsychotics in individuals with first-episode schizophrenia in relation to cohabitation, living with children, employment, hospital admission and death.

Methods: Danish registers were used to establish a nationwide cohort of individuals ⩾18 years with schizophrenia included at the time of diagnosis in1995-2013.

Frequency of Neurological Diseases After COVID-19, Influenza A/B and Bacterial Pneumonia.

Introduction: COVID-19 might affect the incidence of specific neurological diseases, but it is unknown if this differs from the risk following other infections. Here, we characterized the frequency of neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular, and immune-mediated neurological diseases after COVID-19 compared to individuals without COVID-19 and those with other respiratory tract infections.

Methods: This population-based cohort study utilized electronic health records covering ~50% of Denmark's population ( = 2,972,192).

Transmission of intelligence, working memory, and processing speed from parents to their seven-year-old offspring is function specific in families with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.

Background: Prior studies have shown high heritability estimates regarding within-function transmission of neurocognition, both in healthy families and in families with schizophrenia but it remains an open question whether transmission from parents to offspring is function specific and whether the pattern is the same in healthy families and families with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to characterize the transmission of intelligence, processing speed, and verbal working memory functions from both biological parents to their 7-year-old offspring in families with parental schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and population-based control parents.

Methods: The population-based cohort consists of 7-year-old children with one parent diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 186), bipolar disorder (n = 114), and of parents without schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (n = 192).

Experiences of helplessness and fear among caregivers diagnosed with severe mental illness and co-caregivers: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 7.

This study investigates indicators of disorganized caregiving among caregivers of children who have a familial predisposition of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP), and whether indicators of disorganized caregiving are associated with the caregivers' and children's level of functioning as well as the children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Indicators of disorganized caregiving were assessed with the Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire (CHQ). Level of functioning was evaluated using the Children's Global Assessment Scale and the Personal and Social Performance Scale, while dimensional psychopathology were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist.

Predictors of Return to Work for People with Anxiety or Depression Participating in a Randomized Trial Investigating the Effect of a Supported Employment Intervention.

Purpose Common mental disorders have a severe impact on society and individuals; rates of unemployment and disability pensions are high. Knowing which factors facilitate or hinder people's return to work is important when designing effective vocational rehabilitation interventions. Methods We conducted secondary analyses on data from 289 participants with depression or anxiety included in the Individual Placement and Support modified for people with mood and anxiety disorders (IPS-MA) trial.

Scalability of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in first-episode schizophrenia assessed by Rasch models.

Objective: Historically, assessment of the psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) has had several foci: (1) calculation of reliability indexes, (2) extraction of subdimensions from the scale, and (3) assessment of the validity of the total score. In this study, we aimed to examine the scalability and to assess the clinical performance of the 30-item PANSS total score as well as the scalability of a shorter version (PANSS-6) of the scale.

Methods: A composite data set of 1073 patients with first-episode schizophrenia or schizophrenia spectrum disorder was subjected to Rasch analysis of PANSS data from baseline and 4-6 weeks follow-up.

Evaluating the implementation and use of patient-reported outcome measures in a mental health hospital in Denmark: a qualitative study.

Background: Reporting of barriers and successes associated with the implementation and use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is limited as a means to ensure enhanced patient involvement, shared decision-making and improved treatment and care. We set out to evaluate the implementation and use of the PRO-Psychiatry initiative on patient-reported outcome measures in Danish mental health care. We aimed to described four specific areas: the quality of the clinical consultations before and after the implementation of PRO-Psychiatry as perceived by the patients (objective A), the motivation for participating in PRO-Psychiatry as perceived by patients and clinicians (objective B), the implementation process as perceived by patients, clinicians and managers (objective C) and suggestions for improvement (objective D).

The association between birth weight, ponderal index, psychotropic medication, and type 2 diabetes in individuals with severe mental illness.

Background: Impaired fetal growth may increase vulnerability towards metabolic disturbances associated with some medications. We examined whether birth weight and ponderal index modify the association between psychotropic medication and type 2 diabetes among young adults with severe psychiatric diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 36,957 individuals born in Denmark between 1973 and 1983 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression were followed from first diagnosis until 2018.

Childhood trauma in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: A longitudinal study. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA 7 and VIA 11.

Objectives: Childhood trauma increases the risk of developing mental illness as does being born to parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. We aimed to compare prevalence of lifetime childhood trauma among 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) compared with population-based controls (PBCs).

Design: The study is a longitudinal, prospective cohort study of children at FHR-SZ, FHR-BP, and PBCs.