Clients' experiences in their first entry to the operating room: a descriptive phenomenological study.

Background: The unfamiliar atmosphere of the operating room, waiting for anesthesia, and the process of surgery and anesthesia are some of the factors causing fear and anxiety in patients. It leads to physical and psychological pressure on patients. Better understanding of patients' feelings, beliefs, or fears and recording their experiences for optimal care after surgery is helpful.

The effect of a comprehensive intervention on anthropometric indices, dietary intake, and physical activity of adolescent boys with overweight.

Background: Non-communicable diseases in adulthood are reported to be strongly associated with adolescent obesity. The present study aimed to assess the effect of a comprehensive lifestyle modification intervention on the anthropometric indices, dietary intake, and physical activity of adolescent boys with overweight.

Methods: This pragmatic trial was conducted on 126 adolescent boys with overweight.

Milk-derived bioactive peptides in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes is a global health issue affecting over 6% of the world and 11 % of the US population. It is closely linked to insulin resistance, a pivotal factor in Type 2 diabetes development. This review explores a promising avenue for addressing insulin resistance through the lens of Milk-Derived Bioactive Peptides (MBAPs).

Artificial intelligence-enabled obesity prediction: A systematic review of cohort data analysis.

Background: Obesity, now the fifth leading global cause of death, has seen a dramatic rise in prevalence over the last forty years. It significantly increases the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Early identification of obesity risk allows for preventative actions against obesity-related factors.

Data Mining of Infertility and Factors Influencing Its Development: A Finding From a Prospective Cohort Study of RaNCD in Iran.

Background And Aims: Infertility, as defined by the World Health Organization, is the inability to conceive after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse. This study aimed to identify factors influencing infertility by applying data mining techniques, specifically rule-mining methods, to analyze diverse patient data and uncover relevant insights. This approach involves a thorough analysis of patients' clinical characteristics, dietary habits, and overall conditions to identify complex patterns and relationships that may contribute to infertility.

Practical Steps to Design Brucellosis Preventive Interventions: An Intervention Mapping Approach.

Background And Aims: Common diseases between humans and animals are one of the health problems of countries, which requires targeted intervention. The intervention mapping model provides guidance for choosing the most appropriate methods and applications. Since one of the most important challenges in the endemic areas of Iran is the control of brucellosis.

Association of dietary acid load with inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and clinical features in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, particularly in individuals over 40. Dietary factors, specifically dietary acid load (DAL), may influence these pathological processes. However, the relationship between DAL and inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and clinical features in patients with KOA remains unexplored.

Development and Evaluation of Polymethacrylate-Based Ophthalmic Nanofiber Inserts Containing Dual Drug-Loaded Dorzolamide and Timolol: In Vivo Study in Rabbit's Eye.

The aim of the study was to create a nanofiber insert incorporating Timolol (TIM) and Dorzolamide (DOR), targeting the management of glaucoma. This condition encompasses a variety of chronic, advancing ocular disorders typically associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The insert was made of Eudragite RL100 (EUD) polymer, a biocompatible material with high bioavailability, using the electrospinning method.

Burden and mortality of breast cancer attributed to diabetes and smoking in women: a secondary analysis based on Global Burden of Disease 2019 in North Africa and the Middle East.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer in the world. This study aimed to investigate the burden of BC due to some risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data.

Genetic Homogeneity of a TDP1 Variant, c.1478A>G, as the Main Disease-Causing Variant of Spinocerebellar Ataxia With Axonal Neuropathy 1 (SCAN1) in the Middle East: A Systematic Review.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy 1 (SCAN1) is an ultrarare neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, mainly marked by progressive ataxia and axonal polyneuropathy. SCAN1 is mainly caused by the c.1478A>G:p.

Assessment of psychometric properties of the Persian version of the spiritual care competency self-assessment tool.

Background: Spiritual care is essential for the health and well-being of patients and their families, so nursing and midwifery students should have professional competency in this field.

Objectives: The present study aimed to translate the Spiritual Care Competency Self-Assessment Tool for nursing and midwifery students into Persian and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods: This study has a methodological study design.

The associations between diet-induced inflammation and the improvement or worsening of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis: a longitudinal analysis of RaNCD cohort study.

Background: Persistent inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to scrutinize the associations of diet-induced inflammation with the improvement or worsening of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in MASLD.

Methods: This longitudinal study involved 2,537 participants from the Ravanser Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort (2015-2023).

Recent advances in improved efficacies of gold nano-formulations in treatment of skin cancer: a systematic review.

Skin cancer is the commonest malignancy for the population. Conventional skin cancer treatments include chemotherapy and surgery, but a large number of the chemotherapeutic drugs applied currently have undesirable possessions. The aim of this study is to provide a complete and acute assessment of the antitumor capability of gold nano-formulations in skin cancer as a new and more effectual delivery system for targeted therapy.

Effectiveness of educational intervention in improving physical activity and nutritional performance among pregnant women: a pre-post quasi-experimental study using health belief model.

Background: Physical activity and proper nutrition during pregnancy are crucial for maternal and fetal health. However, many pregnant women fail to meet recommended guidelines. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) in improving these behaviors.

Time-Dependent Molecular Changes Following MDMA-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

The increasing recreational use of ecstasy (MDMA) poses significant risks to human health, including reports of fatal renal failure due to its adverse renal effects. While MDMA-induced renal toxicity might result from systemic effects, there is also substantial evidence of direct harm to renal tissues by MDMA or its metabolites. The precise mechanisms underlying renal toxicity remain unclear.

Associations Between Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome and Daytime Napping with the Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults: Results from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study.

Objective: Adverse sleep and wake patterns are associated with physical health complaints, including metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) and napping during the day with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: This study was conducted on 10 065 participants aged 35-65 years using baseline data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.

Role of toxic and essential elements in sleep duration of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Sleep disorders are a common aspect of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that can negatively impact a patient's quality of life, trigger coronary events, accelerate disease progression, and influence patient survival. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between essential and toxic elements with sleep duration among CVD patients. The study utilized cross-sectional data from 150 patients with CVDs (n = 150) from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study.

Blood coagulation monitoring of patients with mechanical heart valve visiting Imam.

Background: The lacking proper regulation of International Normalized Ratio (INR) as the main problem in patients with mechanical valve replacement surgery poses the risk of thrombosis and embolism on the one hand and the risk of bleeding on the other. For this reason, the correct monitoring of INR via the Time in Therapeutic Range (TTR) is needed. The present study aimed to explore the blood coagulation monitoring of patients with mechanical heart valve in Imam Ali Hospital of Kermanshah in 2021.

Synergistic topical cancer therapy using dual drug delivery of dexamethasone and 5-fluorouracil via deoxycholic acid micelle-carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel composites.

Topical formulations containing 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) have been proven effective in preventing the proliferation of skin cancer cells. However, their use is linked to side effects such as inflammatory and allergic reactions. Dexamethasone (Dexa) is a synthetic glucocorticoid used across allergic reactions which can be useful in preventing the 5-FU side effects.

The global prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection in pregnant women: a meta-analysis.

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infections with severe detrimental effects on pregnant women and fetuses. CTGI increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy, exogenous fetal infection, and respiratory complications such as bronchitis and pneumonia. According to the different published reports, this systematic review and meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the global prevalence of CTGI in pregnant women.

Posterior epidural migration of thoracic and lumbar disc material: a comprehensive 63-year systematic review with anatomical perspectives.

This study aims to thoroughly investigate the clinical presentation, duration of symptoms, radiological aspects of posterior epidural migration of disc fragments (PEMDF), and assess various treatment options and their impacts on patient functionality. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to March 2024.

Deciphering the Role of Calcium Signaling Pathway-Associated Single Nucleotide Variants in Susceptibility to Hypertension.

Background: As a complex disease, hypertension (HTN) is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors and their interaction. The calcium signaling pathway is known to be involved in the regulation of blood pressure, and dysfunction in this pathway may contribute to the development of hypertension. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several genes in the calcium signaling pathway associated with susceptibility to HTN, including PLCB1, ATP2B1, and ADRB1.

Effects of melatonin on the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling genes in hypoxic Leydig cells.

Leydig cells play a crucial role in male reproductive physiology, and their dysfunction is often associated with male infertility. Hypoxia negatively affects the structure and function of Leydig cells. This study aimed to investigate the impact of melatonin on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (Jnk), P38, and extra-cellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in TM3 mouse Leydig cells under hypoxia induced by cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl).

Impact of antiviral prophylaxis on EBV viremia and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Organ transplant recipients face a substantial risk of developing posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD). In over 90% of cases with B-cell PTLD following solid organ transplantation, the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome is promptly identified, usually within the initial year. A continuing discussion revolves around the efficacy of antiviral prophylaxis in mitigating the incidence of PTLD in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients.

Age-period-cohort analysis of self-harm incidence rates by gender in Iran among individuals aged 10-39 years, 1990-2019.

This study investigates trends and patterns in self-harm incidence rates among individuals aged 10-39 years in Iran from 1990 to 2019. Using Age-Period-Cohort (APC) analysis, it aims to identify significant age, period, and cohort effects, and to highlight gender-specific trends for effective prevention strategies. Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we performed an APC analysis to assess trends in self-harm incidence rates by gender.