Hypothyroidism Among College Students and Its Association With Academic Performance: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Little is known about the impact of hypothyroidism and its contribution to learning difficulties and academic performance in college-age students.

Objective: The objective is toassess the frequency of hypothyroidism and its associations with academic performance in college-age students.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 395 students studying across various Jeddah universities and selected by non-probability convenient sampling.

The Association Between Bone Remodeling Markers, genes polymorphisms with Incidence of Osteopenia Among Young Saudi Female.

Osteopenia and osteoporosis, are prevalent skeletal systemic conditions, cause weaker bones and an increased risk of fragility fractures. This work is aimed to evaluate the relation between bone-remolding markers and genotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms in young Saudi females (rs2297480 of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), rs3736228 of Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5), rs1234612 of sclerostin (SOST), and rs9934438 of Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1  (VKORC1) ). For this purpose, 750 premenopausal females aged 18 to 40 years old, either university students, postgraduates, or university employees were recruited and divided into three groups according to bone mineral density BMD (g/cm2) divided by T score into osteoporosis (n = 12), osteopenia (n = 147), and normal (n = 591).

Influence of Practice Characteristics on the Adoption of Electronic Dental Records in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: The adoption of electronic dental records (EDRs) is less extensively studied than electronic medical records (EMRs) in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, a multivariate analysis was conducted to calculate the adoption of EDRs and determine the practice characteristics that influence adoption.

Methods: An online survey was conducted with 220 dental practices in Jeddah from August to December 2021.

Assessment of Knowledge and Perception Regarding Deep Brain Stimulation Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure approved for treating psychiatric and movement disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), essential tremor, dystonia, and other neurological conditions. The widespread use of DBS may not be reflected in the medical education curricula in Saudi universities, thus jeopardizing future patients' access to it. This study aims to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of medical students toward DBS as a therapeutic option.

Microinvasive, Esthetic Management of White Spot Lesion following Orthodontic Treatment Using Resin Infiltration: A Case Report.

Aim: White opacities have always been a major esthetic concern in young patients reporting for dental treatment. We aimed to achieve an esthetic noninvasive immediate correction of these lesions.

Background: These discolorations of enamel have a multifactorial etiology and are mainly caused by dental fluorosis, early enamel caries, developmental defects, etc.

External fixation versus intramedullary nailing for the management of open tibial fracture: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aim: Tibial shaft fractures are the most common type of long-bone fractures. External fixation (EF) and intramedullary nailing (IMN) are widely used surgical techniques for the definitive fixation of open tibial shaft fractures. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare EF to IMN for the definitive fixation of open tibial fractures.

Diagnosis and Management of Uterine Rupture in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background:  Uterine rupture is associated with clinically significant uterine bleeding, fetal distress, expulsion or protrusion of the fetus, placenta or both into the abdominal cavity requiring prompt cesarean delivery and uterine repair or hysterectomy. Previous cesarean section is the most common risk factor. The most consistent early indicator of it is the onset of prolonged and profound fetal bradycardia.

Assessment of Cardiac Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background:  Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are frequent in patients having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite that, comorbid CVDs receive less guideline-recommended screening in this population compared to others. We aimed to evaluate the cardiac function using echocardiography and to assess spirometry, arterial blood gas (ABG) as well as brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as prognostic indicators of cardiovascular dysfunction in COPD patients.

Predictability of the Development of Insulin Resistance Based on the Risk Factors Among Female Medical Students at a Private College in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is currently an underlying phenomenon in the etiology of most non-communicable diseases. IR has been proposed as the key linking factor for the metabolic syndrome disease cluster of glucose intolerance.

Objectives: This study's target was to assess the predictability of risk factors for IR among female medical students Methods: A cross-sectional study involving female medical students was carried out.

Perception of dental students regarding possible career challenges and associated factors towards working in rural areas: A questionnaire based survey.

Objective: The shortage of health care professionals in rural areas contributes toward discriminatory health care delivery. The present study was planned with a similar intent and aimed to evaluate the perception of dental students regarding their future in rural areas.

Materials And Methods: The present study was designed as a cross-sectional study comprising of a 30-item questionnaire survey instrument distributed among a total of 550 dental students while the results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.

Interleukin 1 beta and its association with the periodontal health of pregnant women.

Objectives: In this study, we measured and compared serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in pregnant women with periodontitis and pregnant women with a healthy periodontium. We also determined the prevalence of periodontitis among pregnant women attending Omdurman Midwifery Hospital.

Materials: This was a hospital-based clinical study and laboratory investigation using ELISA tests of 80 pregnant women in the third trimester conducted at the Omdurman Midwifery Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.

Urolithiasis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 13,339,065 individuals.

Background: This study aimed to summarize the current literature regarding the prevalence of renal stones in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, we aimed to evaluate the risk factors of urolithiasis in patients with IBD and the difference between patients with IBD and healthy controls in terms of urinary profile.

Methods: On February 23, 2022, a computerized search was conducted on PubMed, OVID via MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus using relevant keywords.

The Orthodontics-Periodontics Challenges in Integrated Treatment: A Comprehensive Review.

Orthodontics and periodontics are intricately linked since adult orthodontics often implicate the periodontium. Periodontal intervention is needed throughout all phases of orthodontic treatment, from orthodontic diagnosis to mid-treatment periodontal assessment and postoperative evaluation. Invariably, periodontal health affects orthodontic success.

Empagliflozin Ameliorates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats by Modulating Sesn2/AMPK/Nrf2 Signaling and Targeting Ferroptosis and Autophagy.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a life-threatening disorder that severely disrupts normal lung architecture and function, resulting in severe respiratory failure and death. It has no definite treatment. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has protective potential in PF.

Polysplenia Syndrome Complicated by Splenic Infarction: A Report of a Rare Case.

Polysplenia syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by multiple spleens and associated organ anomalies, which can present with serious complications such as splenic infarction. Diagnosis and management of the disorder can be challenging due to the presence of associated anomalies and the condition is often diagnosed incidentally. We report a case of a six-year-old girl with no significant medical history who presented to the emergency department with fever, abdominal pain, and vomiting.

Evaluation of the Awareness, Beliefs, and Psychological Impact of Patients with Alopecia Areata in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients diagnosed with AA at different hospitals. A total of 211 patients were included in the investigation between November 2021 and June 2022. The participants were subjected to a well-structured, Arabic-based, validated questionnaire.

A biochemical, theoretical and immunohistochemical study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin and taurine on T-2 toxin induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Foodborne trichothecene T-2 Toxin, is a highly toxic metabolite produced by Fusarium species contaminating animal and human food, causing multiple organ failure and health hazards. T-2 toxins induce hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress causing hepatocytes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In this study, curcumin and taurine were investigated and compared as antioxidants against T-2-provoked hepatotoxicity.

Unilateral High Intraocular Pressure, Cataract, and Retinal Detachment in Waardenburg Syndrome.

Waardenburg syndrome was first described in 1951 by Dutch ophthalmologist Petrus Johannes Waardenburg (1886-1979). It is an auditory-pigmentary syndrome that results from a lack of melanocytes in the hair, skin, eyes, or stria vascularis of the cochlea. It accounts for more than 2% of congenitally deaf individuals [Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.

Prevalence and Etiology of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns: A Systematic Review.

(1) : Pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia, and the prevalence and etiology of the disease varies depending on the setting. The development of effective strategies can help reduce the adverse impact of this disease. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to explore the prevalence and etiology of community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia in Saudi Arabia, as well as their antimicrobial susceptibility.

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Children in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in children and is described as a disease involving loss of self-control. The core symptoms of ADHD are inattentiveness, impulsivity, and motor unrest. Furthermore, poor concentration, distraction, hyperactivity, and poor academic achievement at school or at home are other symptoms.

Exploring the Potential of Phytocompounds for Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis: An In Silico Study Using Similarity Indexing.

Finding structurally similar compounds in compound databases is highly efficient and is widely used in present-day drug discovery methodology. The most-trusted and -followed similarity indexing method is Tanimoto similarity indexing. Epigenetic proteins like histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors are traditionally used to target cancer, but have only been investigated very recently for their possible effectiveness against rheumatoid arthritis (RA).