[Some Spanish contributions to anesthesiology at the end of the XIXth century].

At the end of the XIXth century some original, although poorly known, Spanish contributions were made on the field of inhalational general anesthesia that are important for the history of our specialty in Spain. The purpose of this work is to report the Spanish contributions to inhalational general anesthesia made during the chronological period that coincides with the locus-regional anesthetic techniques grown after the appearance of cocaine in 1884.

[Infective endocarditis in heroin addicts in the province of Cádiz. A multicenter study of 150 cases].

Background: Given the progressive increase in infectious endocarditis (IE) in intravenous drug addicts (IVDA) in the province of Cadiz the present study was designed with the aim of studying the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of this disease in our environment.

Methods: One hundred fifty episodes of IE occurring in 133 IVDA admitted to 6 hospitals in the province of Cadiz were studied in an open, multicentric study with a protocol of gathering of common data. Well known diagnostic criteria were used for this process and a univariant technique was employed in the analysis of prognostic factors.

[Diaper rash in Kawasaki disease].

The authors presents 3 cases of Kawasaki disease where, in all cases, a perineal rash or rash located in the diaper area, was an initial or predominant sign. We highlight the interest of this discovery for the early and diagnostic of this disease, in both its classics and incomplete forms, and with this achieve efficiency in the preventive treatment of the cardiovascular complications.

[Streptococcal perianal disease and balanoposthitis].

Two cases are reported in which Lancefield group beta-haemolytic streptococci were isolated from culture- from the perineal skin. The physical examination showed perianal irritation and excoriation in both cases and seropurulent anal and balano-preputial discharge in the first only. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which the streptococcal perianal disease is associated to a balanoposthitis and at the same time increments the clinical spectrum of the illness.

[Benign infantile paroxysmal torticollis. Apropos of 3 cases].

We report three children with benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT) and review the literature. BPT represents a self-limited disorder that occurs mainly in infancy and in females. The condition is characterized by recurrent spells of torticollis which may, or may not, be accompanied by other symptoms such as vomiting, pallor, ataxia, irritability and drowsiness.

[Orofaciodigital syndrome type I in a mother and daughter].

Two patients, a mother and her daughter, who manifested the clinical features of the oro-facial-digital syndrome (OFD I) are reported. The mother have polycystic disease of the kidneys. Clinical data and genetic aspects are commented in relation with these new cases.

[Malaria imported from Equatorial Guinea caused by Plasmodium falciparum probably resistant to chloroquine].

The authors present the case of a 4 year old girl affected by malaria, the latter having been imported from Equatorial Guinea. The initial treatment of the disease with adequate administration and duration of chloroquine therapy, did not impede the recurrence of the disease, once the patient seemed apparently cured. Although due to the special evolutionary circumstances it was not possible to clinically confirm the chloroquine resistant of the parasite, it is considered, to best of our knowledge, to be the first pediatric case of probable chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria imported into Spain from Western Africa.