Recent outcomes of liver transplantation for Budd-Chiari syndrome: A study of the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR) and affiliated centers.

Background And Aims: Management of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) has improved over the last decades. The main aim was to evaluate the contemporary post-liver transplant (post-LT) outcomes in Europe.

Approach And Results: Data from all patients who underwent transplantation from 1976 to 2020 was obtained from the European Liver Transplant Registry (ELTR).

The effect of valacyclovir on secondary prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus infection, following primary maternal infection acquired periconceptionally or in the first trimester of pregnancy. An individual patient data meta-analysis.

Objective: Recent studies have shown that a dosage of 8 g/d of oral valacyclovir reduces substantially the vertical transmission rate of cytomegalovirus in women with primary cytomegalovirus infection acquired periconceptionally or during the first trimester of pregnancy. This individual patient data meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of valacyclovir treatment in the secondary prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus infection.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the US registry of clinical trials (www.

AFP score and metroticket 2.0 perform similarly and could be used in a "within-ALL" clinical decision tool.

Background & Aims: Two recently developed composite models, the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) score and Metroticket 2.0, could be used to select patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are candidates for liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to compare the predictive performance of both models and to evaluate the net risk reclassification of post-LT recurrence between them using each model's original thresholds.

Therapeutic advances in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a focus on targeted therapies.

Mortality from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is increasing worldwide and effective new treatments are urgently needed. The current treatment of metastatic PDAC in fit patients is based on two chemotherapy combinations (FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel) which were validated more than 8 years ago. Although almost all treatments targeting specific molecular alterations have failed so far when administered to unselected patients, encouraging results were observed in the small subpopulations of patients with germline mutations, and somatic gene fusions ( 1, which are enriched in KRAS wild-type PDAC), G12C mutations, or microsatellite instability.

FOLFIRI plus BEvacizumab or aFLIbercept after FOLFOX-bevacizumab failure for COlorectal cancer (BEFLICO): An AGEO multicenter study.

After failure of first line FOLFOX-bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), adding either bevacizumab or aflibercept to second-line FOLFIRI increases survival compared to FOLFIRI alone. In this French retrospective multicentre cohort, we included patients with a mCRC treated with either FOLFIRI-aflibercept or FOLFIRI-bevacizumab. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR: CR + PR + SD) and safety.

External Validation of LCR1-LCR2, a Multivariable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Calculator, in a Multiethnic Cohort of Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background And Aims: The liver cancer risk test (LCR1-LCR2) is a multianalyte blood test combining proteins involved in liver cell repair (apolipoprotein A1, haptoglobin), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk factors (gender, age, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase), a marker of fibrosis (alpha2-macroglobulin), and alpha-fetoprotein, a specific marker of HCC. The aim was to externally validate LCR1-LCR2 in hepatitis B.

Methods: Preincluded patients were from the Hepather cohort, a multicenter, multiethnic prospective study in 6071 patients.

R3-AFP score is a new composite tool to refine prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation.

Background & Aims: Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are selected for liver transplantation (LT) based on pre-LT imaging ± alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) level, but discrepancies between pre-LT tumour assessment and explant are frequent. Our aim was to design an explant-based recurrence risk reassessment score to refine prediction of recurrence after LT and provide a framework to guide post-LT management.

Methods: Adult patients who underwent transplantation between 2000 and 2018 for HCC in 47 centres were included.

Sex differences and sex bias in human circadian and sleep physiology research.

Growing evidence shows that sex differences impact many facets of human biology. Here we review and discuss the impact of sex on human circadian and sleep physiology, and we uncover a data gap in the field investigating the non-visual effects of light in humans. A virtual workshop on the biomedical implications of sex differences in sleep and circadian physiology led to the following imperatives for future research: i) design research to be inclusive and accessible; ii) implement recruitment strategies that lead to a sex-balanced sample; iii) use data visualization to grasp the effect of sex; iv) implement statistical analyses that include sex as a factor and/or perform group analyses by sex, where possible; v) make participant-level data open and available to facilitate future meta-analytic efforts.

A novel event-free survival endpoint in locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

The treatment paradigm for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) is evolving rapidly. The development of neoadjuvant therapies composed of combination therapies and the evaluation of their impact on conversion to borderline resectable (BR) status, resection, and ultimately overall survival (OS) are presently being pursued. These efforts justify re-visiting study endpoints in order to better predict therapeutic effects on OS, by capturing not only the achievement of R0 resection at the end of induction therapy but also the long-term reductions in the rate of local and distal recurrence.

State of the art treatment of hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma and the role of hepatitis B surface antigen post-liver transplantation and resection.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the major aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The optimal goal of therapy, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and anti-HBs production, is achieved rarely and HBsAg-associated HCC risk is well recognized. Here we review the role of HBsAg in HCC, the link between HBsAg and HCC recurrence post-liver transplantation or resection, and the implications for therapy.

[Diversity of hospital care for anorexia nervosa in psychiatry in France].

Background: Hospitalization is rare in anorexia nervosa (AN) and local application of indications is heterogeneous. However, no study has evaluated the effect of these different treatment modalities on the mean length of stay. Our objective was to describe the context and modalities of a wide range of hospital care programs offered to patients with anorexia nervosa in eleven specialized French psychiatric centers for patients from childhood to adulthood.

COVID-19 in liver transplant candidates: pretransplant and post-transplant outcomes - an ELITA/ELTR multicentre cohort study.

Objective: Explore the impact of COVID-19 on patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation (LT) and on their post-LT course.

Design: Data from consecutive adult LT candidates with COVID-19 were collected across Europe in a dedicated registry and were analysed.

Results: From 21 February to 20 November 2020, 136 adult cases with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 33 centres in 11 European countries were collected, with 113 having COVID-19.

External validation of LCR1-LCR2, a multivariable HCC risk calculator, in patients with chronic HCV.

Background & Aims: The Liver Cancer Risk test algorithm (LCR1-LCR2) is a multianalyte blood test combining proteins involved in liver cell repair (apolipoprotein-A1 and haptoglobin), known hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk factors (sex, age, and gamma-glutamyl transferase), a marker of fibrosis (alpha2-macroglobulin) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a specific marker of HCC. The aim was to externally validate the LCR1-LCR2 in patients with chronic HCV (CHC) treated or not with antivirals.

Methods: Pre-included patients were from the Hepather cohort, a multicentre prospective study in adult patients with CHC in France.

Pharmacologic modulation of 5-fluorouracil by folinic acid and high-dose pyridoxine for treatment of patients with digestive tract carcinomas.

Supplementation of cancer cells exposed to 5-fluorouracil (FUra) and folinic acid (FA) with high concentration pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the cofactor of vitamin B6, potentiates the cytotoxicity of FUra in a synergistic interaction mode. We report a pilot study in 13 patients with previously untreated advanced carcinoma of the digestive tract to assess the impact of high-dose pyridoxine (PN) on the antitumor activity of regimens comprising FUra and FA. Five patients had colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRC); 5 had pancreas adenocarcinoma (PC); and 3 had squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (EC).

B-ALL With t(5;14)(q31;q32); Rearrangement and Eosinophilia: A Comprehensive Analysis of a Peculiar -Rearranged B-ALL.

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with t(5;14)(q31;q32); is an exceptional cause of eosinophilia. The enhancer on 14q32 is juxtaposed to the gene on 5q31, leading to interleukin-3 overproduction and release of mature eosinophils in the blood. Clinical, biological and outcome data are extremely scarce in the literature.

Heterogeneity of Bile Duct Management in the Development of Ischemic Cholangiopathy After Liver Transplantation: Results of a European Liver and Intestine Transplant Association Survey.

Background: Surgical factors and direct cytotoxicity of bile salts on cholangiocytes may play a role in the development of ischemic cholangiopathy (IC) after liver transplantation (LTx). There is no validated consensus on how to protect the bile ducts during procurement, static preservation, and LTx. Meanwhile, IC remains the most troublesome complication after LTx.

Effects in Cancer Cells of the Recombinant l-Methionine Gamma-Lyase from Encapsulation in Human Erythrocytes for Sustained l-Methionine Elimination.

Methionine deprivation induces growth arrest and death of cancer cells. To eliminate l-methionine we produced, purified, and characterized the recombinant pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent l-methionine -lyase (MGL)- BL929 from the cheese-ripening Transformation of an strain with the gene from optimized for expression led to production of the MGL-BL929. Elimination of l-methionine and cytotoxicity in vitro were assessed, and methylation-sensitive epigenetics was explored for changes resulting from exposure of cancer cells to the enzyme.

Systematic Review of Food Addiction as Measured with the Yale Food Addiction Scale: Implications for the Food Addiction Construct.

Background: The concept of food addiction attracts much interest in the scientific community. Research is mainly based on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), a tool developed to assess food addiction. Substance use disorder criteria have been used to develop this scale.

Dynamic Prognostication in Critically Ill Cirrhotic Patients With Multiorgan Failure in ICUs in Europe and North America: A Multicenter Analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the Chronic Liver Failure-Consortium Acute on Chronic Liver Failure score in acute on chronic liver failure patients admitted to ICUs from different global regions and compare discrimination ability with previously published scores.

Design: Retrospective pooled analysis.

Setting: Academic ICUs in Canada (Edmonton, Vancouver) and Europe (Paris, Barcelona, Chronic liver failure/Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Cirrhosis [CANONIC] study).

A bioinformatics transcriptome meta-analysis highlights the importance of trophoblast differentiation in the pathology of hydatidiform moles.

Introduction: Hydatidiform mole (HM) is an aberrant human pregnancy with abnormal trophoblastic development, migration/invasion of the extravillous trophoblast in the decidua. These abnormalities are established in a hypoxic environment during the first trimester of gestation.

Methods: Using text mining, we identified 72 unique genes that are linked to HM (HM-linked genes) that we studied by bioinformatic analysis in publicly available transcriptomes of primary chorionic villous cells (cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, extravillous trophoblast, and arterial and venous endothelial) isolated from normal placentas or established trophoblastic cell lines cultured under different oxygen concentrations.

Enhancement of 5-Fluorouracil Cytotoxicity by Pyridoxal 5'-Phosphate and Folinic Acid in Tandem.

The current study originates from the assumption that, in tumors, levels of naturally occurring pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) are too small to allow conversion of tetra hydro pteroylglutamate (HPteGlu) into methylene tetra hydro pteroylglutamate (CH-HPteGlu) in amounts required to improve inhibition of thymidylate synthase by 5-fluorouracil (FUra) through ternary complex stabilization. The hypothesis relates to the low affinity for cofactor of the PLP-dependent serine hydroxymethyl transferase (SHMT), the enzyme that catalyzes formation of CH-HPteGlu by transfer of the C of serine to HPteGlu. Intracellular concentrations of PLP are smaller than the dissociation constant of SHMT for cofactor, which suggests that enzyme activity should be sensitive to PLP level changes.