Prognosis of prosthetic valve infective endocarditis due to Streptococcus spp., a retrospective multi-site study to assess the impact of antibiotic treatment duration.

Purpose: The duration of antibiotic treatment for prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Streptococcus spp. is largely based on clinical observations and expert opinion rather than empirical studies. Here we assess the impact of a shorter antibiotic duration.

Herpes Simplex Virus Hepatitis in Patients Requiring Intensive Care Unit Admission: A Retrospective, Multicenter, Observational Study.

The clinical features and short-term prognosis of patients admitted to the intensive care unit for herpes hepatitis are lacking. Of 33 patients admitted between 2006 and 2022, 22 were immunocompromised, 4 were pregnant women, and 23 died. Sixteen patients developed a hemophagocytic syndrome.

Serum Versus Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients with Severe Obesity Before and 6 Months After Roux-Y-Gastric Bypass: Report of the Prospective Leaky-Gut Study.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, including intestinal inflammation based on fecal or serum calprotectin (FC-SC) measurement. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) improves obesity-related parameters. However, the association between FC-SC levels and postoperative course and the link with metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes before and after RYGB remains unclear.

Bridging Molecular and Clinical Sciences to Achieve the Best Treatment of Endocarditis.

() is a commensal bacterium that causes various infections in surgical sites, the urinary tract, and blood. The bacterium is becoming a significant concern because it tends to affect the elderly population, which has a high prevalence of undiagnosed degenerative valvular disease and is often subjected to invasive procedures and implanted medical devices. The bacterium's actions are influenced by specific characteristics like pili activity and biofilm formation.

Toward recovery-oriented perinatal healthcare: A participatory qualitative exploration of persons with lived experience and health providers' views and experiences.

Background: Perinatal mental health disorders (PMHD) remain often undetected, undiagnosed, and untreated with variable access to perinatal mental health care (PMHC). To guide the design of optimal PMHC (i.e.

The novel cyclophilin inhibitor C105SR reduces hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury via mitoprotection.

Background & Aims: Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening is critical for mediating cell death during hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Blocking mPTP opening by inhibiting cyclophilin D (CypD) is a promising pharmacological approach for the treatment of IRI. Here, we show that diastereoisomers of a new class of small-molecule cyclophilin inhibitors (SMCypIs) have properties that make them attractive candidates for the development of therapeutic agents against liver IRI.

Patient-Centered Heart Failure Therapy.

Simultaneous initiation of quadruple therapy with angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor aims at prompt improvement and prevention of readmission in patients hospitalized for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, titration of quadruple therapy is time consuming. Lengthy up-titration of quadruple therapy may negate the benefit of early initiation.

Preoperative arterial lactate and outcome after surgery for type A aortic dissection: The ERTAAD multicenter study.

Background: Acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. In this study we evaluated the prognostic significance of preoperative arterial lactate concentration on the outcome after surgery for TAAD.

Methods: The ERTAAD registry included consecutive patients who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) at 18 European centers of cardiac surgery.

Neurological outcomes in minimally invasive mitral valve surgery: risk factors analysis from the Mini-Mitral International Registry.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the incidence and predictors of stroke after minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (mini-MVS) and to assess the role of preoperative CT scan on surgical management and neurological outcomes in the large cohort of Mini-Mitral International Registry.

Methods: Clinical, operative and in-hospital outcomes in patients undergoing mini-MVS between 2015 and 2021 were collected. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify predictors of stroke.

Defining standard and high dosages for β-lactam agents administered by intermittent, prolonged or continuous infusion: a PK/PD simulation study.

Background: The new definitions of antimicrobial susceptibility categories proposed by EUCAST in 2020 require the definition of standard and high dosages of antibiotic. For injectable β-lactams, standard and high dosages have been proposed for short-infusion regimens only.

Objectives: To evaluate dosages for β-lactams administered by prolonged infusion (PI) and continuous infusion (CI).

The clinical and financial burden of nonhepatocellular carcinoma focal lesions detected during the surveillance of patients with cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: HCC surveillance is challenged by the detection of hepatic focal lesions (HFLs) of other types. This study aimed to describe the incidence, characteristics, outcomes, and costs of non-HCC HFL detected during surveillance.

Approach And Results: We retrospectively analyzed nonstandardized workup performed in French patients included in HCC surveillance programs recruited in 57 French tertiary centers (ANRS CirVir and CIRRAL cohorts, HCC 2000 trial).

Automated CT LI-RADS v2018 scoring of liver observations using machine learning: A multivendor, multicentre retrospective study.

Background & Aims: Assessment of computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v2018 major features leads to substantial inter-reader variability and potential decrease in hepatocellular carcinoma diagnostic accuracy. We assessed the performance and added-value of a machine learning (ML)-based algorithm in assessing CT LI-RADS major features and categorisation of liver observations compared with qualitative assessment performed by a panel of radiologists.

Methods: High-risk patients as per LI-RADS v2018 with pathologically proven liver lesions who underwent multiphase contrast-enhanced CT at diagnosis between January 2015 and March 2019 in seven centres in five countries were retrospectively included and randomly divided into a training set (n = 84 lesions) and a test set (n = 345 lesions).

High unrecognized SARS-CoV-2 exposure of newly admitted and hospitalized psychiatric patients.

Background: Patients with pre-existing mental disorders are at higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and adverse outcomes, and severe mental illness, including mood and psychosis spectrum disorders, is associated with increased mortality risk. Despite their increased risk profile, patients with severe mental illness have been understudied during the pandemic, with limited estimates of exposure in inpatient settings.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody titers, and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations of newly admitted or hospitalized psychiatric inpatients without known history of COVID-19 infection, using robust quantitative multi-antigen assessments, and compare patients' exposure to that of hospital staff.