CD31 as a Therapeutic Target in Atherosclerosis.

The potential of CD31 as a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis has been considered ever since its cloning in the 1990s, but the exact role played by this molecule in the biologic events underlying atherosclerosis has remained controversial, resulting in the stalling of any therapeutic perspective. Due to the supposed cell adhesive properties of CD31, specific monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins were regarded as blocking agents because their use prevented the arrival of leukocytes at sites of acute inflammation. However, the observed effect of those compounds likely resulted from the engagement of the immunomodulatory function of CD31 signaling.

Blood product needs and transfusion timelines for the multisite massive Paris 2015 terrorist attack: A retrospective analysis.

Objective: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of death after terrorist attack, and the immediacy of labile blood product (LBP) administration has a decisive impact on patients' outcome. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the transfusion patterns of the Paris terrorist attack victims, November 13, 2015.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis including all casualties admitted to hospital, aiming to describe the transfusion patterns from admission to the first week after the attack.

CT-based liver surface nodularity for the detection of clinically significant portal hypertension: defining measurement quality criteria.

Purpose: To establish measurement quality criteria for the noninvasive assessment of clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) in patients with cirrhosis using CT-based liver surface nodularity (LSN) measurements.

Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with cirrhosis (mean 62 ± 13 years), including 30 with CSPH (41%), underwent CT and hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements. Three independent readers performed 15 LSN measurements/patient using dedicated software.

[Mucopolysaccharidosis: A review].

Mucopolysaccharidosis are lysosomal storage diseases, secondary to the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides. Type 1 mucopolysaccharidosis is the most common form and affects between 0.69 and 1.

Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults: in-hospital prognosis, long-term disability and determinants of outcome in a multicentre prospective cohort.

Objectives: To identify factors associated with unfavourable in-hospital outcome (death or disability) in adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM).

Methods: In a prospective multicentre cohort study (COMBAT; February 2013 to July 2015), all consecutive cases of CABM in the 69 participating centres in France were enrolled and followed up for 12 months. Factors associated with unfavourable outcome were identified by logistic regression and long-term disability was analysed.

[Melanoma within tattoos: Two cases and a systematic literature review].

Background: There have been reports of malignant melanoma arising within tattoos. However, there is no clear relationship between tattoos and the development of cutaneous malignancies. We report two new cases of melanoma and provide a review of cases of melanoma reported in the medical literature.

Tumor burden and liver function in HCC patient selection for selective internal radiation therapy: SARAH post-hoc study.

To determine whether a liver tumor burden ≤25% and well-preserved liver function (albumin-bilirubin grade 1) are appropriate criteria for identifying patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who may benefit from selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) using yttrium resin microspheres versus sorafenib. Post-hoc analysis of patients in the intention-to-treat population of the SARAH trial (SIRT vs sorafenib) with ≤25% tumor burden and albumin-bilirubin grade 1. Primary end point: overall survival.

Systemic Treatment for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have a poor prognosis. First-line sorafenib has been the standard of care for a decade, but the treatment landscape is expanding. This review provides a practical overview of current and future systemic treatment options for advanced HCC and their place in clinical practice.

Direct transport vs secondary transfer to level I trauma centers in a French exclusive trauma system: Impact on mortality and determinants of triage on road-traffic victims.

Background: Transporting a severely injured patient directly to a trauma center (TC) is consensually considered optimal. Nevertheless, disagreement persists regarding the association between secondary transfer status and outcome. The aim of the study was to compare adjusted mortality between road traffic trauma patients directly or secondarily transported to a level 1 trauma center (TC) in an exclusive French trauma system with a physician staffed prehospital emergency medical system (EMS).

Severe toxoplasmosis imported from tropical Africa in immunocompetent patients: A case series.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In immunocompetent patients the infection is usually benign. However, cases of severe and even lethal primo-infections are regularly reported in South America.

Ascertainment of Silent Myocardial Infarction in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (from the GLOBAL LEADERS Trial).

Q-wave myocardial infarction (QWMI) comprises 2 entities. First, a clinically evident MI, which can occur spontaneously or be related to a coronary procedure. Second, silent MI which is incidentally detected on serial electrocardiographic (ECG) assessment.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma: an international multicenter analysis on diagnosis, management and outcome.

Background: Hepatic angiomyolipoma (HAML) may easily be misdiagnosed as a malignancy. The study aim was to assess diagnostic dilemmas, clinical management and outcome of this rare tumor.

Methods: This retrospective international multicenter study included all patients with pathologically proven HAML diagnosed between 1997 and 2017.

First-in-Human Phase I Study of Fisogatinib (BLU-554) Validates Aberrant FGF19 Signaling as a Driver Event in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Outcomes for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poor despite recent progress in drug development. Emerging data implicate FGF19 as a potential HCC driver, suggesting its receptor, FGFR4, as a novel therapeutic target. We evaluated fisogatinib (BLU-554), a highly potent and selective oral FGFR4 inhibitor, in a phase I dose-escalation/dose-expansion study in advanced HCC using FGF19 expression measured by IHC as a biomarker for pathway activation.

Association of Prehospital Time to In-Hospital Trauma Mortality in a Physician-Staffed Emergency Medicine System.

Importance: The association between total prehospital time and mortality in physician-staffed trauma systems remains uncertain.

Objective: To describe the association of total prehospital time and in-hospital mortality in prehospital, physician-staffed trauma systems in France, with the hypothesis that total prehospital time is associated with increased mortality.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2016.

Hepatocellular adenomas: Understanding the pathomolecular lexicon, MRI features, terminology, and pitfalls to inform a standardized approach.

Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are benign hepatic tumors that can be complicated by bleeding and/or malignant transformation. The epidemiology of HCAs has changed over recent decades, primarily influenced by an increased incidence of obesity in both men and women. Currently, at least eight distinct pathomolecular subtypes of HCAs have been identified, several of which have distinguishing and pertinent imaging features on MRI.

Placental transfer and tissue accumulation of dolutegravir in the ex vivo human cotyledon perfusion model.

Objective: To determine the transplacental pharmacokinetics of the HIV integrase inhibitor dolutegravir.

Study Design: Maternal-to-fetal transfer across the term human placenta was investigated with the ex-vivo dually perfused cotyledon model, in 5 closed-circuit, recirculating experiments. Dolutegravir was added to a maternal perfusate containing antipyrine, a marker to validate the cotyledon's viability, and 2 g/liter of human albumin.

Results of a pilot study of isoniazid in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), the most common porphyria of childhood and the third most common porphyria of adulthood, is characterized clinically by painful, non-blistering cutaneous photosensitivity. Two distinct inheritance patterns involving mutations affecting genes that encode enzymes of the heme biosynthetic pathway underlie the clinical phenotype. Aminolevulinic acid synthase 2 (ALAS2), the rate limiting enzyme of the heme pathway in the erythron, is a therapeutic target in EPP because inhibiting enzyme function would reduce downstream production of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), preventing accumulation of the toxic molecule and thereby ameliorating symptoms.

Does the availability of influenza vaccine at prenatal care visits and of immediate vaccination improve vaccination coverage of pregnant women?

Introduction: Although vaccination against influenza is recommended for pregnant women in France because it exposes them to a risk of death and severe respiratory complications, their vaccination coverage in 2016 was estimated at 7%. This study's principal objective was to assess the association between the availability of influenza vaccination at prenatal care visits and vaccination coverage.

Material And Methods: This multicenter survey took place in 3 Paris-area public hospital (AP-HP) maternity wards (A, B, and C).

[Eruptive disseminated superficial porokeratosis associated with acute hepatitis E].

Background: Porokeratosis (PK) is a rare form of dermatosis characterized by a keratinization disorder of unknown etiology. Herein we describe the first case associated with hepatitis E virus infection.

Patients And Methods: A 69-year-old patient with colorectal cancer treated with radiation and chemotherapy followed by surgery in April 2017 presented two months later with jaundice associated with annular keratotic lesions of the skin with a raised border.

Femoral offset loss and internal arch restoration defect are correlated with intramedullary nail cut-out complications after pertrochanteric fractures: a case-control study.

Background And Purpose: In a previous study, we investigated the link between the femoral offset (FO) loss by trochanteric impaction (TI) and cut-out complication occurrence after pertrochanteric fractures. Three major factors are likely to drive to failure after intramedullary nailing (IN): fracture stability, reduction quality and osteosynthesis quality. We wanted to investigate the quality of the fracture reduction through the TI and the neck-shaft angle (NSA) measurement and correlate these parameters with the risk of mechanical failure occurrence.

Flexion gap stabilization by oversizing posterior condylar offset in deep-dished total knee replacement does not compromise flexion: A single-surgeon, retrospective, observational, mid-term series.

Introduction: In total knee replacement surgery, medio-lateral knee balancing is recognized as the key to achieving satisfactory functional results. But it may not be enough to stabilize the flexion gap using deep-dished implants. We achieved flexion gap balance by oversizing the femoral component, thus increasing the posterior condylar offset (PCO).

Comparative analysis of the phase III clinical trials of anti-PD1 monotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients (CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040).

Two phase III clinical trials (CheckMate 141 and KEYNOTE 040) have independently demonstrated that overall survival (OS) in recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) patients, who have failed platinum-based therapy, can be improved with anti-PD1 monotherapy. Treatment with nivolumab or pembrolizumab in R/M HNSCC patients led to an improved OS with a hazards ratio (HR) of 0.70 (95%CI 0.