Serological survey in a university community after the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Senegal.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted at Polytechnic High School (PHS) to assess the spread of COVID-19 infection among students and staff. A random cluster sampling was conducted between May 19 and August 18, 2022, after the fourth wave of COVID-19 in Senegal. IgM and IgG SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were screened using WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 ELISA assays.

Antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal and anti-coronavirus activities of benzophenanthridine alkaloids and other specialized metabolites isolated from the root bark of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.) B.Zepernick & Timler.

Strong antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal activities were highlighted for the crude methanolic extract (IC = 0.61 and 2.15 μg/mL, respectively) of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam.

Circulation of Non- Species in Niger: Implications for Malaria Diagnosis.

Background: Niger's National Malaria Control Programme and its partners use histidine-rich protein 2-based RDTs, which are specific to diagnosis. This study aimed to screen for the circulation of non- species in Zinder, a region of Niger, West Africa.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July to December 2022 at the district hospital of the Zinder region of Niger.

Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activities on cervical cancer cell lines and aero-digestive extract of .

The phytochemical screening showed that the (MO) extract contained many compounds such as polyphenols, polyterpenes, sterols, reducing sugars, and hydrolysates tannins. The MICs of MO extract for microbial strains is 0.73 mg/ml for , , 7.

Antibacterial and anti-coronavirus investigation of selected Senegalese plant species according to an ethnobotanical survey.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Senegal, upper and lower respiratory tract infections constitute a real health problem. To manage these disorders, most people rely on the use of local medicinal plants. This is particularly the case for species belonging to the botanical families, Combretaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae, which are widely used to treat various respiratory problems such as colds, flu, rhinitis, sinusitis, otitis, angina, bronchitis, bronchiolitis and also pneumonia.

Advances Toward Amphidinolides C, F and U: Isolations, Synthetic Studies and Total Syntheses.

Amphidinolides C, F, and U, including C2-C4 analogs, are highly cytotoxic marine macrolides, mainly isolated from dinoflagellates of the genus Amphidinium. All these polyketides share a 75 % or more similar structure, highlighted by a macrolactone ring, at least one trans-2,5-substituted-THF motif and a characteristic polyenic side chain. From their isolation and absolute configurational assignment, the total synthesis of these marine macrolides represented an intense challenge to the organic synthesis community over the last 15 years, with around 14 research groups engaged in this inspiring task.

Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Dried Seeds of .

The study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from dried seeds of . The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The essential oil yield was 1.

Potential of several triazene derivatives against DENGUE viruses.

Dengue fever is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV), an RNA Flavivirus transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus widespread in tropical, subtropical and also temperate regions. Symptoms range from a simple cold to a severe, life-threatening haemorrhagic fever. According to the WHO, it affects around 390 million people per year.

Behavioral Determinants of Routine Health Information System Data Use in Senegal: A Qualitative Inquiry Based on the Integrated Behavioral Model.

Routine health information system (RHIS) data are essential in driving decision making and planning in health systems as well as health programs. However, despite their importance, these data are underutilized, and the underlying individual-level facilitators and barriers to use remain understudied. In this research, we applied the Integrated Behavior Model (IBM) to examine how attitudes toward RHIS data, perceived norms concerning RHIS data use, and the ability to use RHIS data influence the demand and use of RHIS data among stakeholders in Senegal.

[Substitution treatments for opiate-dependent users. An experience of the Integrated Addiction Treatment Center in Dakar].

Methadone and buprenorphine are the two maintenance treatments in opiate addicts authorised in France since the end of the 1990's. More recently, some African countries such as Senegal have implemented a new health policy focused on reducing the risks by encouraging the use of methadone as maintenance treatment. The objectives of maintenance therapy are to reduce morbidity and mortality related to the consumption of heroin and other street opioids, to promote the integration of drug users into the healthcare system, and more generally, to improve their social integration.

Identification of Regulatory Element Containing Functional Genetic Variants Associated with Severe Malaria.

Genome-wide association studies for severe malaria (SM) have identified 30 genetic variants mostly located in non-coding regions. Here, we aimed to identify potential causal genetic variants located in these loci and demonstrate their functional activity. We systematically investigated the regulatory effect of the SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the malaria-associated genetic variants.

A data quality assessment of the first four years of malaria reporting in the Senegal DHIS2, 2014-2017.

Background: As the global burden of malaria decreases, routine health information systems (RHIS) have become invaluable for monitoring progress towards elimination. The District Health Information System, version 2 (DHIS2) has been widely adopted across countries and is expected to increase the quality of reporting of RHIS. In this study, we evaluated the quality of reporting of key indicators of childhood malaria from January 2014 through December 2017, the first 4 years of DHIS2 implementation in Senegal.

Biological Investigation of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloid Extracts from the Bulbs of Collected in the Senegalese Flora.

Amaryllidaceae plants are rich in alkaloids with biological properties. is an Amaryllidaceae species widely used in African folk medicine to treat several diseases such as central nervous system disorders, tumors, and microbial infections, and it is used to heal wounds. The current investigation explored the biological properties of alkaloid extracts from bulbs of collected in the Senegalese flora.

[Blood biomarkers of early diagnosis for neonatal bacterial infections: back from Senegal cohort].

In Senegal, reducing neonatal mortality remains a challenge. The management of neonatal infections remains problematic and presents a strong clinical focus. Indeed, like all developing countries, the difficulty of acquiring state-of-the-art infrastructure and the financial cost impact on the routine use of biomarkers.

Development and clinical validation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to diagnose high HBV DNA levels in resource-limited settings.

Objective: A massive scale-up of testing and treatment is indicated to globally eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, access to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a key test to quantify HBV DNA levels and determine treatment eligibility, is limited in resource-limited countries. We have developed and evaluated the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay to diagnose clinically important HBV DNA thresholds defined by the WHO (≥20 000 and ≥ 200 000 IU/mL).

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activities of 1,4- Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Compounds.

Background: 1,2,3-triazoles are five-membered heterocyclic scaffold; their broad-spectrum biological activities are known. Researchers around the world are increasingly being interested in this emerging area, owing to its immense pharmacological scope.

Objective: This work summarizes the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles and the significance of this pattern as a lead structure for new drug molecules discovery.

Coverage and Timeliness of Birth Dose Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Depending on the epidemiological context of each country, three vaccines are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be administered as soon as possible after birth (birth vaccines); namely, BCG, zero dose of oral polio vaccine (OPV0), and birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB-BD). The timely administration of these vaccines immediately after birth might pose significant challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, where about half of childbirths occur outside health facilities. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the coverage rate of these vaccines at a specific timing in neonates in sub-Saharan Africa.

Pickering nano-emulsions stabilized by Eudragit RL100 nanoparticles as oral drug delivery system for poorly soluble drugs.

The purpose of this study was to develop Pickering water-in-oil nano-emulsions only stabilized by Eudragit RL100 nanoparticles (NPs), in order to increase the nano-emulsion stability and create a barrier to improve the drug encapsulation and better control the drug release. The first part of this study was dedicated to investigating the nano-emulsion formulation by ultrasonication and understanding the interfacial behavior and role of NPs in the stabilization of the water/oil interface. The focus was on the surface coverage in the function of the formulation parameters (volume fractions) to disclose the extents and limitations of the process.

Access to a Library of 1,3-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazenes and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Properties.

Background: Due to the rapid development of microbial resistance, finding new molecules became urgent to counteract this problem.

Objective: The objective of this work is to access 1,2,3-triazene-1,3-disubstituted, a class of molecule with high therapeutic potential.

Methods: Here we describe the access to 17 new triazene including six with an imidazole-1,2,3-triazene moiety and eleven with an alkyl-1,2,3-triazene moiety and their evaluation against five strains: two gram (-): Escherichia coli ATCC 25921 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27253; two gram (+) : Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 38213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212; and one fungi: Candida albicans ATCC 24433.

Pickering nano-emulsions stabilized by solid lipid nanoparticles as a temperature sensitive drug delivery system.

The development of biomaterials with low environmental impact has seen increased interest in recent years. In this field, lipid nanoparticles have found a privileged place in research and industry. The purpose of this study was to develop Pickering O/W nano-emulsions only stabilized by solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), as a new generation of safe, non-toxic, biocompatible, and temperature-sensitive lipid nano-carriers.

Orthopantomographic analysis of the intraosseus position of the maxillary canines.

The aim of this work was to analyse the intraosseous position of the maxillary canine in orthodontic patients. It was an exploratory pilot study prior to the next research work to develop a predictive model based on a regression analysis initially including a large number of variables. 105 subjects from 6 to 12 years from both genders were included in this study.

[Prescription And Delivery's Survey Of Benzodiazepines In The Occurrence Of Addictions At Mbour's District].

Unlabelled: Impact of the prescription and delivery of benzodiazepines in the occurrence of addictions in the district of Mbour.

Introduction: Benzodiazepines (BZD) are widely used nowadays and are at the origin of an addiction.

Objectives: The objective was to evaluate the quality of benzodiazepine prescribing and delivery in the Mbour department of Senegal and subsequently to implement an addictovigilance strategy.

[Characteristics of work-related injuries and the fate of the victims: about 133 cases reported to the Social Security Fund in Dakar, Senegal].

Introduction: Work-related injuries have an impact on social security system of the country, on the victims as well as on their relatives. The objective is the aim of our study was to describe the different characteristics of work-related injuries reported to the Social Security Fund (CSS) in Dakar as well as the socioprofessional course of the victims.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study over a period of 5 years, from 2002 to 2006.

Increased Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes-Related Complications in Combined Type 2 Diabetes and Sickle Cell Trait.

Objective: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, where sickle cell trait (SCT) is also frequent. Although SCT is generally considered a benign condition, evidence suggests that SCT could exaggerate vascular dysfunction in T2D. However, it remains unclear whether SCT could increase the risk of the development of T2D complications.