1,660 results match your criteria: "de Lange Syndrome"

A Nine-Year-Old Girl With Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cureus

November 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed I University of Oujda, Oujda, MAR.

Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects multiple systems. It is characterized by growth delays and psychomotor retardation associated with various anomalies, including hirsutism, facial dysmorphism, cardiac abnormalities, upper-extremity malformations, and gastrointestinal disorders. Early detection and appropriate management of associated disorders are essential for achieving favorable outcomes.

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Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare, dominantly inherited multisystem developmental disorder. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding the structural subunits and regulatory proteins of the cohesin complex (, , , , and ) are the primary contributors to the pathogenesis of CdLS. Pathogenic variations in these genes disrupt normal cohesin function, leading to the syndrome's diverse and complex clinical presentation.

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Background Context: Spondylodiscitis management presents significant clinical challenges, particularly in critically ill patients, where the risks and benefits of surgical intervention must be carefully balanced. The optimal timing of surgery in this context remains a subject of debate.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early surgery versus delayed surgery or conservative management in critically ill patients with de novo pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

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Unintended consequences of measures implemented in the school setting to contain the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev

December 2024

Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology - IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Background: Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, schools were a key setting for intervening with public health and social measures (PHSM) to reduce transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Consequently, there is a need to assess the varied unintended consequences associated with PHSM implemented in the school setting, for students, teachers, and school staff, as well as for families and the wider community. This is an update of a Cochrane scoping review first published in 2022.

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Dysphagia and Body Composition in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome.

Biomedicines

November 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, Nowe Ogrody 1-6, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland.

Limited research had investigated nutritional status in patients with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) (OMIM 122470, 300590, 300882, 610759, 620568 and 614701). Body composition assessed via bioelectric impedance (BIA) is a particularly under-explored issue. In this cross-sectional study, we hypothesize that body composition imbalance is frequent in CdLS and may be associated with dysphagia.

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An intragenic duplication in the AFF2 gene associated with Cornelia de Lange syndrome phenotype.

Front Genet

November 2024

Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Unit of Clinical Genetics and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, CIBERER-GCV02 and IIS-Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.

Article Synopsis
  • - Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder that impacts physical development and cognitive abilities, primarily caused by mutations in genes linked to the cohesin complex, though many cases remain undiagnosed.
  • - The study presents a family case where multiple members have an intragenic duplication in the AFF2 gene, identified using advanced genomic technologies like high-resolution array Comparative Genomic Hybridization and next-generation sequencing.
  • - The research shows a clear correlation between the AFF2 gene mutation and the CdLS phenotype, with the affected individuals displaying significant changes in gene expression and X-inactivation patterns compared to an unaffected relative, suggesting that AFF2 should be included in molecular diagnosis for CdLS.
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Sensory-Motor Polyneuropathy in an 11-year- old Girl with a Pathogenic Variant in SMC1A: A Case Report.

Neuropediatrics

November 2024

Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Pediatric Neurophysiology Laboratory, Mother and Child Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Pathogenic variants in the gene are often dominant-negative and cause an X-linked form of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) with growth retardation and typical facial features. However, rare variants cause a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) with intractable early-onset epilepsy that is absent in CdLS. Here we describe an 11-year-old girl with epilepsy, walking disorder, and neurodevelopmental disorder.

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Mutations in the Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles (BUB1) gene were recently associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (Carvalhal et al., 2022). Here, we describe the generation and characterization of two induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) clones from a young female with microcephaly.

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Article Synopsis
  • Migraine affects 15.2% of the global population, is a leading cause of disability, especially among women, and remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in many cases.
  • The condition displays both common and individual characteristics, with a varied presentation in symptoms, frequency, and response to treatments, influenced by genetic factors.
  • Education on migraine management is crucial for improving daily life for patients and reducing the number of individuals needing specialized care, allowing specialists to focus on more complex cases.
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  • The study analyzes the occurrence, transmission risks, and immune status related to HIV indicator conditions (HIV-ICs) among treatment-naive individuals living with HIV in Germany from 1999 to 2023.
  • It includes data from 15,940 diagnoses and found that the majority of participants were male, with a notable incidence rate for syphilis (34 per 1,000 person-years) and high rates for other conditions linked to HIV.
  • The findings emphasize the need for targeted screening based on HIV-ICs to identify individuals with weakened immune systems, highlighting the importance of early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation.
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Audiological Characterization of Individuals with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome.

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol

October 2024

Department of Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

 Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a genetic disorder in which individuals may present sensorineural and/or conductive hearing loss, and the results of behavioral auditory assessments are not accurate.  To characterize the audiological profile of individuals with CdLS through behavioral, electroacoustic, and electrophysiological audiological assessments.  The study included 13 individuals of both sexes, aged between 3 and 26 years, with diagnoses confirmed through genetic studies.

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The NIPBL-gene mutation of a Cornelia de Lange Syndrome patient causes deficits in the hepatocyte differentiation of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells via altered chromatin-accessibility.

Cell Mol Life Sci

October 2024

Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156, Milan, Italy.

The Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disease, which is characterized by a cohesinopathy. Mutations of the NIPBL gene are observed in 65% of CdLS patients. A novel iPSC (induced Pluripotent Stem Cell) line was reprogrammed from the leukocytes of a CdLS patient carrying a missense mutation of the NIPBL gene.

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Sleep correlates of behavior functioning in Cornelia de Lange syndrome.

Am J Med Genet A

November 2024

Harvey Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • The study examines sleep behaviors in individuals with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) caused by variants in two genes, NIPBL and SMC1A, which are linked to developmental delays.
  • Caregivers of 31 individuals provided data showing that those with NIPBL variants exhibited more behavior regulation difficulties and repetitive behaviors compared to those with SMC1A variants.
  • The research highlights a strong connection between sleep disturbances and behavior regulation challenges, particularly in the NIPBL group, suggesting that sleep interventions may help manage behavioral issues differently depending on the genetic variant.
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Cornelia de Lange Syndrome: Expanding the Neuropathological Spectrum and Clinical Correlations.

Fetal Pediatr Pathol

November 2024

Pathologic Anatomy Section, Maternal-Pediatric and Adult Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Modena, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • * Key findings include significant brain abnormalities such as diffuse hypoplasia, nerve cell heterotopies, and immature nerve cells in cerebellar tissue from a newborn affected by the syndrome.
  • * These findings highlight the relevance of Cornelia de Lange syndrome as a cohesinopathy and open up discussions on its impact on global intellectual disability in affected patients.
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Article Synopsis
  • Clowns are not only popular in entertainment but also have inspired names in dermatology, referred to as medical eponyms.
  • The text identifies four clown-related eponyms: clown nose-like lesion, clown eczema, clown alopecia pattern in frontal fibrosing alopecia, and clown's face in Brachman de Lange syndrome.
  • It also recognizes the significant role of medical clowning in healthcare, specifically honoring Cobo the Clown, a dedicated clown who has contributed to patient care for over thirty years.
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  • A study analyzed the effectiveness of cognitive training in addition to standard therapy for patients with primary and secondary fibromyalgia syndrome (p/sFMS).
  • The research involved 32 patients, with one group receiving only physical-medical therapy and the other group also participating in daily cognitive training sessions.
  • Results showed that the group with cognitive training experienced greater pain relief, better mood improvements, and maintained better health and cognitive performance over time compared to the control group.
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Outcome of rituximab treatment in children with non-dialysis-dependent anti-GBM disease.

Pediatr Nephrol

September 2024

Department of Pediatrics, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • Anti-GBM disease is a rare and serious condition characterized by the body producing antibodies that attack a specific type of collagen in the kidneys, leading to quick kidney failure if not treated.
  • Current treatment guidelines recommend using plasma exchanges and drugs like steroids and cyclophosphamide, but cyclophosphamide can have severe side effects, prompting the search for alternatives like rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil.
  • A study analyzing five adolescent patients treated with rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil found promising results, with 80% showing preserved or improved kidney function after treatment, suggesting these alternatives may be less toxic and effective.
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  • Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder that often comes with various issues related to the ears, nose, and throat, including a higher rate of conditions like chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).
  • A literature review and a case study of an 8-year-old boy with CdLS and CRSwNP revealed that traditional medical treatments were ineffective, leading to successful surgical intervention for his nasal obstruction.
  • Additional research indicates that CRSwNP is more common among CdLS patients compared to the general population, and suggests that a combination of medical and surgical approaches can effectively manage this condition.
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Article Synopsis
  • * During hospitalization, he developed left hemiparesis and tests revealed a significant white blood cell count increase and brain imaging showed acute strokes and an abscess related to the sinus infection affecting the internal carotid artery.
  • * Treatment interventions included antibiotics and surgical drainage of the abscess, which eventually improved the condition of the stenotic artery, highlighting the importance of effectively managing sinusitis in patients with Cornelia de Lange syndrome to prevent severe complications.
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Clinical Characteristics, Genetic Analysis, and Literature Review of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome Type 4 Associated With a RAD21 Variant.

Mol Genet Genomic Med

September 2024

Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Article Synopsis
  • Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare developmental disorder linked to intellectual disabilities and unique facial features, with some cases caused by RAD21 gene mutations.
  • A 13.3-year-old male patient exhibited classic symptoms of CdLS and was found to have a specific mutation in the RAD21 gene through whole-exome sequencing.
  • The study highlighted this case as the third instance of CdLS type 4 in China, contributing to a broader understanding of genetic mutations associated with the disorder.
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A Novel De Novo Gain-of-Function Variant in Neurodevelopmental Disease With Congenital Tremor, Seizures, and Hypotonia.

Neurol Genet

October 2024

From the Department of Pediatric Neurology (F.D., P.B., M.S., A.M.K.); Center for Chronically Sick Children (F.D., P.B., M.S., A.M.K.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.M.),DRK Kliniken Berlin Westend, Berlin; Department of Neuropediatrics (J.L., S.W.), VAMED Klinik Hohenstücken, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (F.T., J.S., N.J.O.), Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Austria; Center of Functional Genomics (G.S., U.I.S.), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Straße 4A, Berlin, Germany; Department of Human Genetics (M.M.M., M.F.B.), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Cell Biology and Neurobiology (A.M.K.); and Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care (U.I.S.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.

Article Synopsis
  • A novel mutation (c.3506G>A, p.G1169D) in the Ca1.3 gene is linked to a syndrome that causes autism, developmental delays, and other neurological and hormonal disorders in children, presenting with varying severities.
  • Two patients with this mutation exhibited different symptoms: one had severe issues including respiratory problems and hearing loss, while the other had a milder phenotype possibly due to mosaicism of the mutation.
  • Functional studies showed that the mutation enhances channel activity, leading to abnormal calcium channel behavior, but treatments with calcium channel blockers (isradipine and nifedipine) did not produce positive effects for the severely affected patient.
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The cohesin ATPase cycle is mediated by specific conformational dynamics and interface plasticity of SMC1A and SMC3 ATPase domains.

Cell Rep

September 2024

Université de Strasbourg, IGBMC UMR 7104 - UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; CNRS, UMR 7104, 67400 Illkirch, France; INSERM, UMR-S 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France; Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Department of Integrated Structural Biology, 67400 Illkirch, France. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • Cohesin is essential for organizing the eukaryotic genome and operates using ATP throughout the cell cycle, although its ATPase activity mechanisms are not well understood.
  • This study explores the human cohesin ATPase cycle, revealing specific structural changes in the SMC1A and SMC3 ATPase domains during the process.
  • The SMC3 domain exhibits flexibility that is influenced by ATP binding, while its interaction with NIPBL and DNA stabilizes the structure, ultimately impacting the formation of the DNA-binding chamber.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Cohesins are crucial for various cellular processes like chromosome segregation and DNA repair, and mutations in cohesin components can lead to severe developmental disorders and cancers.
  • - Eco1 and Rad61 are two opposing regulators of cohesin, with Eco1 stabilizing cohesin-DNA interactions during cell division while Rad61 encourages cohesin dissociation.
  • - Research highlighted that the lethality of double mutants lacking both Eco1 and Rad61 is linked to low levels of the cohesin subunit Mcd1, with findings revealing that certain genetic deletions and transcription factors can restore cell viability by affecting Mcd1 expression.
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SMC3 contributes to heart development by regulating super-enhancer associated genes.

Exp Mol Med

August 2024

Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; ENT Institute, Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital; Institute of Medical Genetics & Genomics; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital; Medical Science Data Center at Intelligent Medicine Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.

Article Synopsis
  • Abnormal heart development linked to Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is related to mutations in cohesin complex genes, specifically SMC3, though the mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • This study found that patients with SMC3 mutations show high occurrences of congenital heart disease (CHD) and used Smc3-knockout mice to investigate heart pathologies like outflow tract (OFT) abnormalities.
  • Researchers discovered that SMC3 deletion affects gene expression related to heart development by reducing interactions between super-enhancers and promoters, revealing SMC3's critical role in regulating genes important for cardiac development and its potential link to CHD.
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High PEEP/low FiO ventilation is associated with lower mortality in COVID-19.

J Crit Care

October 2024

Department of Intensive Care, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Article Synopsis
  • The study looks at the effects of high PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure) versus low PEEP ventilation strategies on COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome during the second wave in the Netherlands.
  • A total of 790 patients were analyzed, showing that 22.5% of those on high PEEP died compared to 39.2% on low PEEP, indicating higher survival rates with high PEEP (HR 0.66).
  • The results suggest that using high PEEP ventilation could improve survival rates in ICU for patients suffering from COVID-ARDS.
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