Eye Tracking during Passage Reading Supports Precise Oculomotor Assessment in Ataxias.

Abnormal eye movements occur early in the course of disease in many ataxias. However, clinical assessments of oculomotor function lack precision, limiting sensitivity for measuring progression and the ability to detect subtle early signs. Quantitative assessment of eye movements during everyday behaviors such as reading has potential to overcome these limitations and produce functionally relevant measures.

Cutaneous Anthrax: What is the Hallmark?

A 71-year-old man complained of a blackish wound under his left eye, which began with fever and reddish spots after helping to slaughter a cow and cut its meat. The fever occured especially in the afternoon to evening, and is not accompanied by chills and sweating. On day 4 of fever onset, the fever diminished and the spots progressively widened with swelling.

Modelling the human Coenzyme Q deficiency in Drosophila melanogaster.

The interference of the expression of each of the genes involved in the synthesis of coenzyme Q (CoQ) in Drosophila melanogaster can help to understand the pathophysiology of CoQ-dependent mitochondrial diseases in humans. We have knocked-down all genes involved in the CoQ biosynthesis pathway at different temperatures to induce depletion of CoQ at different levels throughout the body and in a tissue-specific manner. The efficiency of the knockdowns was quantified by Q-RTPCR and determination of CoQ levels by HPLC-UV+ECD.

Clinical Outcomes of the PAUL® Glaucoma Implant for secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery.

Background: To report clinical outcomes from a single-center cohort undergoing PAUL® Glaucoma Implant (PGI) surgery for secondary glaucoma after vitreoretinal surgery (VR).

Methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing PGI surgery at the University Eye Hospital Bonn, Germany, from 04/2021 to 05/2023.

Results: 33 eyes of 33 patients were included.

Motor variability regulation analysis in trampolinists.

In trampolining, optimizing body orientation during landing reduces injury risk and enhances performance. As trampolinists are subject to motor variability, anticipatory inflight corrections are necessary to regulate their body orientation before landing. We investigated the evolution of a) body orientation and b) limb position (i.

Viral Transcript and Tumor Immune Microenvironment-Based Transcriptomic Profiling of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Identifies Subtypes Associated with Prognosis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV-positive HNSCC) has distinct biological characteristics from HPV-negative HNSCC. Using an AI-based analytical platform on meta cohorts, we profiled expression patterns of viral transcripts and HPV viral genome integration, and classified the tumor microenvironment (TME). Unsupervised clustering analysis revealed five distinct and novel TME subtypes across patients (immune-enriched, highly immune and B-cell enriched, fibrotic, immune-desert, and immune-enriched luminal).

Short-Term Safety and Efficacy of PreserFlo™ Microshunt in Patients with Refractory Intraocular Pressure Elevation After Dexamethasone Implant Intravitreal Injection.

: The PreserFlo™ MicroShunt (PFMS) is a bleb-forming device considered to be less invasive than traditional glaucoma surgery such as trabeculectomy. This study evaluates the 1-year success rates as well as safety profile of PFMS in patients having high intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or glaucoma refractory to drop therapy with a history of prior intravitreal dexamethasone therapy. : A total of 16 eyes after PFMS implantation due to elevated IOP after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEX-I) administration were included in this retrospective cohort study.

A Pilot Case Series on the Use of a Large Mushroom-Shaped Corneal Graft for the Surgical Management of Post-Penetrating Keratoplasty Ectasia and Endothelial Failure.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a surgical technique for managing post-penetrating keratoplasty (PK) ectasia complicated by late endothelial failure (LEF). : A single-center pilot case series was conducted regarding consecutive patients affected by post-PK ectasia with late graft failure. Using a microkeratome, a single donor cornea was dissected to prepare a two-piece graft, comprising a larger anterior lamella made up of anterior stroma and a smaller posterior lamella made up of posterior stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium.

Visual Performance After Bilateral Implantation of a New Enhanced Monofocal Hydrophobic Acrylic Intraocular Lens Targeted for Mini-Monovision.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of a new hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens called Clareon (Alcon) using the mini-monovision technique.

Methods: A single-center, prospective, nonrandomized study was conducted in Tandil (Buenos Aires, Argentina), including patients scheduled for cataract surgery. To achieve mini-monovision, the spherical equivalent was calculated between -0.

Prediction of Seven Artificial Intelligence-Based Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in Medium-Long Caucasian Eyes.

To compare the accuracy of seven artificial intelligence (AI)-based intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in medium-long Caucasian eyes regarding the root-mean-square absolute error (RMSAE), the median absolute error (MedAE) and the percentage of eyes with a prediction error (PE) within ±0.5 D. Data on Caucasian patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification between May 2018 and September 2023 in MW-Med Eye Center, Krakow, Poland and Kyiv Clinical Ophthalmology Hospital Eye Microsurgery Center, Kyiv, Ukraine were reviewed.

An AI-Based Digital Scanner for Detection in Beekeeping.

Beekeeping is a crucial agricultural practice that significantly enhances environmental health and food production through effective pollination by honey bees. However, honey bees face numerous threats, including exotic parasites, large-scale transportation, and common agricultural practices that may increase the risk of parasite and pathogen transmission. A major threat is the mite, which feeds on honey bee fat bodies and transmits viruses, leading to significant colony losses.

The Effect of Cataract Surgery on Stereoacuity, Balance, and Falls in Patients With Senile Cataract.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of cataract surgery on visual acuity, stereoacuity, balance, and falls in patients with senile cataract.

Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. The patients were divided into group 1 if the first surgery was performed on the dominant eye and group 2 on the nondominant eye.

Artificial Intelligence for Optical Coherence Tomography in Glaucoma.

Purpose: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), with optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers significant opportunities in the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. This article explores the application of various DL models in enhancing OCT capabilities and addresses the challenges associated with their clinical implementation.

Methods: A review of articles utilizing DL models was conducted, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), autoencoders, and large language models (LLMs).

Determinants of Human Corneal Mechanical Wave Dispersion for In Vivo Optical Coherence Elastography.

Purpose: To characterize frequency-dependent wave speed dispersion in the human cornea using microliter air-pulse optical coherence elastography (OCE), and to evaluate the applicability of Lamb wave theory for determining corneal elastic modulus using high-frequency symmetric (S0) and anti-symmetric (A0) guided waves in cornea.

Methods: Wave speed dispersion analysis for transient (0.5 ms) microliter air-pulse stimulation was performed in four rabbit eyes ex vivo and compared to air-coupled ultrasound excitation.

One tube for all: 1-year outcomes after transition to Paul glaucoma implant at a tertiary centre.

Purpose: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect and success rate of Paul glaucoma implant (PGI) in refractory glaucoma after changing practice pattern from Ahmed and Baerveldt tubes to PGI.

Methods: A prospective observational study of the first 50 consecutive PGI surgeries at a single Danish tertiary centre from January 2022 to October 2023. Primary endpoints were IOP and success rates after 12 months.

SMARCB1-deficient malignant melanocytic uveal tumours: a new neural crest-derived tumour entity with SMARCB1-related germline predisposition.

Rhabdoid tumours (RT) are an aggressive malignancy affecting <2-year-old infants, characterised by biallelic loss-of-function alterations in SWI/SNF-related BAF chromatin remodelling complex subunit B1 (SMARCB1) in nearly all cases. Germline SMARCB1 alterations are found in ~30% of patients and define the RT Predisposition Syndrome type 1 (RTPS1). Uveal melanoma (UVM), the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults, does not harbour SMARCB1 alterations.

The clinical effects and mechanism of action of ranibizumab in treating myopic choroidal neovascularization.

Purpose: Myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common reason for visual impairment. This study investigated the clinical effects of repeated intravitreal injections of ranibizumab among patients with CNV secondary to pathologic myopia.

Methods: This study involved a single-center, non-randomized clinical prospective cohort research design including 39 patients with myopic CNV and a control group of 10 patients with cataract.

Intraocular lens power calculation in cataract patients with keratoconus: Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas in cataract patients with keratoconus (KC).

Methods: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis statementand and was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024568997). Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched for retrospective and prospective clinical studies published until October 2024.

Efficacy of Ozurdex implants as second-line therapy for non-responders to anti-VEGF in retinal vein occlusion-associated macular edema: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a prevalent retinal vascular disorder characterized by retinal haemorrhage, neovascularization, and macular edema This study aimed to assess the structural and functional effects of intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) treatment as a second-line for RVO-associated macular edema in patients who did not respond to first-line anti-VEGF therapy.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study using electronic health records of RVO patients at Salisbury District Hospital between January 2014 and December 2019. Inclusion criteria included patients diagnosed with central or branch RVO.

What is the relationship between the choroidal vascularity ındex (CVI) and myopia?

Purpose: To examine the detailed vascular and morphological characteristics of the choroidal tissue in subjects with myopia.

Methods: A total of 111 subjects with myopia were included in the study. The study was conducted in three groups according to spherical equivalent(SE).

Refractive accuracy of the new Barrett formula using segmented axial length compared with that of the traditional Barrett Universal II formula.

Purpose: To compare the refractive accuracy of the Barrett True axial length (BTAL) formula, newly integrated into ARGOS, with that of the Barrett Universal II (BUII) formula calculated using axial length (AL) from IOL Master 700.

Setting: Private clinics in Kanagawa, Japan.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Five years comparation of efficacy and safety after ICL-V4c implantation for high and super high myopia correction.

Objectives: The objective of the investigation is to examine the long term efficacy, safety, and predictability of ICL-V4c implantation for high and super-high myopic patients in order to provide reliable guidance for the selection of refractive surgical procedures.

Methods: We reviewed 125 eyes from 64 patients who implanted ICL-V4c at the Refractive Surgery Center of West China Hospital in Chengdu, China, between May 2015 and January 2017. These eyes were divided into two groups based on their preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) degree: high myopia (≥ -10D) and super-high myopia groups (< -10D).

Corrected Axial Length and Choroidal Thickness: A Correlation Analysis for Scientific Purposes.

Choroidal thickness (ChT) is an important measurement for evaluating eye and systemic disorders, but it is influenced by numerous elements, especially axial length (AL). It is known that the presence of a linear relationship between ChT and AL exists, but recently it has been shown that the AL measurement obtained with the current optical biometry is not very precise and needs to be corrected. This study aimed to verify if a similar correlation also persists with this corrected AL (ALc).

Meridional anisotropy in contrast sensitivity and visual evoked potential in adults with high myopic astigmatism.

Purpose: Astigmatism can lead to meridional amblyopia, an orientation-specific visual deficit. This study investigated the effects of astigmatism on meridional anisotropy in contrast sensitivity (CS) and steady-state visual evoked potential (ssVEP) across a range of spatial frequencies.

Methods: Thirty-two young adults with a best-corrected distance visual acuity of logMAR 0 or better were categorized into two groups: highly astigmatic (HAS,  = 16) with spherical-equivalent error (SE) ≥ -6.

Tear metabolomics reveals novel potential biomarkers in epithelial herpes simplex keratitis.

Background: Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is a recurrent inflammatory disease of cornea primarily initiated by type I herpes simplex virus infection of corneal epithelium. However, early diagnosis of HSK remains challenging due to the lack of specific biomarkers. This study aims to identify biomarkers for HSK through tear metabolomics analysis between HSK and healthy individuals.