Consequence of War on Diabetic Mellitus patients in Tigray region, Ethiopia: a longitudinal study.

Background: Studies of the world health organization indicated that Diabetes is on the rise. The occurrence of diabetes is steadily increasing everywhere, most markedly in the world's middle and low-income countries. The aim of this study is to explore the consequence of war on the sugar level of diabetic mellitus patients.

Prevalence of cataract and its associated factors among adult diabetic patients attending at diabetic care clinics in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.

Baground: Cataract is a major public health concern and the leading cause of blindness and low vision in Ethiopia. However, no studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence of cataract and associated factors among adult diabetic patients in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of cataract and associated factors among adult diabetic patients in Northwest Ethiopia.

Voices on academic accreditation: lived experiences of nurse educators, administrators, students, and alumni in nursing education.

Background: Academic accreditation is a pivotal process in nursing education, ensuring program quality, consistency, and graduate readiness for professional practice. Despite its significance, limited research explores the lived experiences and perspectives of stakeholders, including academic nurse educators, administrators, students, and alumni-engaged in accreditation.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences, perceptions, and insights of nursing education stakeholders regarding the accreditation process, focusing on its impact on educational quality, program reputation, and professional preparation.

Factors Associated with the Timing of Initial Visit to Healthcare Providers for Injured Workers with Low Back Pain Claims: A Multijurisdiction Retrospective Cohort.

Purpose: Evidence shows that patient outcomes following musculoskeletal injury have been associated with the timing of care. Despite the increasing number of injured workers presenting with low back pain (LBP) in primary care, little is known about the factors that are associated with the timing of initial healthcare provider visits. This study investigated factors that are associated with the timing of initial workers' compensation (WC)-funded care provider visits for LBP claims.

Extended spectrum betalactamase and Carbapenemase producing gram negative bacteria from healthcare workers gowns at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing (CP) gram-negative bacteria are the major public health concerns. Gowns used by healthcare workers (HCWs) in daily practice are a source of hospital-acquired infections in hospital settings. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria from gowns of healthcare workers at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

[Serum pharmacochemistry of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma extract based on UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS].

In this study, the chemical components of Panacis Japonici Rhizoma extract and absorbed components in rats were identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS). The separation was performed by gradient elution on Waters UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.

Albendazole-ivermectin co-formulation for the treatment of Trichuris trichiura and other soil-transmitted helminths: a randomised phase 2/3 trial.

Background: Treatments for soil-transmitted helminthiases face challenges, especially in addressing Trichuris trichiura. Combination regimens, particularly of ivermectin and albendazole, are promising. We aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and palatability of a combination tablet for the treatment of T trichiura, hookworm, and Strongyloides stercoralis infections among school-aged children in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Mozambique.

Spatial distribution and determinants of improved shared sanitation facilities among households in Ethiopia: Using 2019 mini-Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.

Introduction: Limited or shared sanitation services are considered improved sanitation facilities, but they are shared between two or more households. Globally, 600 million people use shared toilet facilities. Although shared facilities are not classified as improved sanitation due to potential infection risks, inaccessibility, and safety concerns, this is a significant issue in developing countries like Ethiopia.

What Do Mothers Know About Nutrition? Impacts on Childhood Nutrition Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Introduction: Globally, the prevalence of undernutrition is highest in the sub-Saharan African region with over a third of the world's stunted children residing in this region. Many studies have explored child nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, but they often overlook the intricate nuances of maternal knowledge. We examined the association between maternal nutritional knowledge and childhood nutritional outcomes.

Optimizing pre-eclampsia prevention: Embracing low-dose calcium in sub-Saharan Africa.

Pre-eclampsia remains a significant health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, contributing substantially to maternal and neonatal mortality rates. This paper explores the potential of low-dose calcium supplementation as an alternative strategy to the conventional high-dose regimen in preventing pre-eclampsia. A consistent association between low serum calcium levels and an increased risk of pre-eclampsia is established based on studies spanning Ghana, Nigeria, and Ethiopia.

Second-trimester uterine rupture in bicornuate uterus: A case report.

Uterine rupture is a rare but serious complication that predominantly occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. It is exceptionally uncommon in the second trimester, particularly in the presence of uterine anomalies such as a bicornuate uterus or uterus didelphys. This case report presents a significant instance of second-trimester uterine rupture associated with a bicornuate uterus, resulting in a life-threatening intra-abdominal hemorrhage of approximately 4000 mL.

Informational rescaling of PCA maps with application to genetic distance.

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful multivariate tool allowing the projection of data in low-dimensional representations. Nevertheless, datapoint distances on these low-dimensional projections are challenging to interpret. Here, we propose a computationally simple heuristic to transform a map based on standard PCA (when the variables are asymptotically Gaussian) into an entropy-based map where distances are based on mutual information (MI).

Prevalence of depressive symptom and its associated factors among epilepsy patients in Amhara region, Ethiopia: cross-sectional study.

Background: Depressive symptom is the most common type of psychiatric co-morbidity among persons with epilepsy. Epilepsy patients are identified as at higher risk of suffering depressive symptom explicitly in low- and middle-income countries due to poor mental health care systems and financial burdens. The co-occurrence of depressive symptom among epilepsy patients deteriorates the prognosis of the disease and diminishes the quality of life of both the patients and their families.

Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) implementations to control cholera outbreak in Oromia region, Ethiopia.

Background: Oromia regional state experiencing cholera outbreaks in a protracted pattern despite various interventions at local and regional levels. This study aimed to examine the implementation of Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE) activities for cholera outbreak control in the region.

Methods: We conducted a quantitative and qualitative mixed-method study.

Burden of intestinal parasites among diabetic patients in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intestinal parasite infections remain a serious public health concern around the world, particularly in countries with inadequate sanitation. The study aims to ascertain the total magnitude of intestinal parasites in diabetes patients throughout the African countries.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the general burden of intestinal parasites among diabetic patients in Africa.

The pathogenesis of depression: Roles of connexin 43-based gap junctions and inflammation.

Background: Depression is a leading chronic mental illness worldwide, characterized by anhedonia and pessimism. Connexin is a kind of widely distributed protein in the body. Connexin 43 (Cx43) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of depression.

Maternal obesity alters histone modifications mediated by the interaction between Ezh2 and Ampk, impairing neural differentiation in the developing embryonic brain cortex.

Neurodevelopmental disorders have complex origins that manifest early during embryonic growth and are associated with intricate gene regulation dynamics. A perturbed metabolic environment such as hyperglycemia or dyslipidemia, particularly due to maternal obesity, poses a threat to the optimal development of the embryonic central nervous system. Accumulating evidence suggests that these metabolic irregularities during pregnancy may alter neurogenesis pathways, thereby predisposing the developing fetus to neurodevelopmental disorders.

Association between activity quotient and cause-specific mortality - A prospective cohort study of 0.5 million participants in Asia.

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is important for reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improving overall health. Activity Quotient (AQ) is a novel metric that translates heart rate during PA into a weekly score, providing an objective measure of an individual's PA. We prospectively examined the association of AQ with cancer and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality outcomes, the two major causes of death, in a Taiwanese population.

Prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding among mothers with infants 0-6 months of age in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Inconsistent results have been reported regarding the prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding in Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of and factors associated with formula feeding among mothers with infants 0-6 months of age in Ethiopia.

Data Sources: A comprehensive systematic search was conducted across 3 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect) and the Google Scholar search engine to identify relevant studies published up to April 2, 2024.

Chronic Exposure to Two Regimens of Waterpipe Smoke Elicits Lung Injury, Genotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Impairment with the Involvement of MAPKs Activation in Mice.

While the pulmonary effects of regular waterpipe smoking (R-WPS) are well-defined, the impact of occasional waterpipe smoking (O-WPS) on the lungs remains less established. This study investigated the pulmonary toxicity and underlying mechanisms of O-WPS versus R-WPS following 6 months of exposure, focusing on histopathology, inflammation in the lung, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and plasma, as well as oxidative stress, genotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in lung homogenates. Exposure to both O-WPS and R-WPS resulted in significant histological changes, including increased numbers of alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes, as well as interstitial fibrosis.

Insulin-Sensitizing Properties of Decoctions from Leaves, Stems, and Roots of L.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and impaired beta-cell secretory function. Since existing treatments often present side effects based on different mechanisms, alternative therapeutic options are needed. In this scenario, the present study first evaluates the cytotoxicity of decoctions from the leaves, stems, and roots of L.

Prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species and their multidrug resistance patterns among pediatric populations in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Salmonella and Shigella are major enteric pathogens that cause diarrhea in children worldwide. They are pathogenic microbes that cause significant diarrheal morbidity and mortality in under five children in resource limited countries. Thus, this systemic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species and their multidrug resistance patterns in pediatric populations in Ethiopia.