Effectiveness and Persistence with Liraglutide Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Routine Clinical Practice--EVIDENCE: A Prospective, 2-Year Follow-Up, Observational, Post-Marketing Study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the efficacy of liraglutide observed in randomized controlled trials translates into therapeutic benefits in the French population during routine clinical practice.

Methods: This observational, prospective, multicenter study included 3152 adults with type 2 diabetes who had recently started or were about to start liraglutide treatment. During 2 years of follow-up, an evaluation of the reasons for prescribing liraglutide, maintenance dose of liraglutide, changes in combined antidiabetic treatments, level of glycemic control, change in body weight and body mass index (BMI), patient satisfaction with diabetes treatment and safety of liraglutide were investigated.

Criteria for admission of odontogenic infections at high risk of deep neck space infection.

Objectives: Many patients with odontogenic infections are hospitalised because of the risk of deep neck space infection. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors allowing more reliable selection of patients requiring hospitalisation for both specialists and emergency physicians.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study was based on a cohort of 97 patients hospitalised for odontogenic infection in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of Centre hospitalier Sud Francilien, Île-de-France, from January 2008 to June 2012.

Kidney Dysfunction in Adult Offspring Exposed In Utero to Type 1 Diabetes Is Associated with Alterations in Genome-Wide DNA Methylation.

Background: Fetal exposure to hyperglycemia impacts negatively kidney development and function.

Objective: Our objective was to determine whether fetal exposure to moderate hyperglycemia is associated with epigenetic alterations in DNA methylation in peripheral blood cells and whether those alterations are related to impaired kidney function in adult offspring.

Design: Twenty nine adult, non-diabetic offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (T1D) (case group) were matched with 28 offspring of T1D fathers (control group) for the study of their leukocyte genome-wide DNA methylation profile (27,578 CpG sites, Human Methylation 27 BeadChip, Illumina Infinium).

Potential glycemic overtreatment in patients ≥75 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal disease: experience from the observational OREDIA study.

Background: Few data exist examining the management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment (RI). This observational study assessed the therapeutic management of this fragile population.

Methods: Cross-sectional study: data from 980 diabetic patients ≥75 years with renal disease are presented.

Five-Year Metabolic, Functional, and Safety Results of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Transplanted With Allogenic Islets Within the Swiss-French GRAGIL Network.

Objective: To describe the 5-year outcomes of islet transplantation within the Swiss-French GRAGIL Network.

Research Design And Methods: Retrospective analysis of all subjects enrolled in the GRAGIL-1c and GRAGIL-2 islet transplantation trials. Parameters related to metabolic control, graft function, and safety outcomes were studied.

Positive peritoneal fluid fungal cultures in postoperative peritonitis after bariatric surgery.

Postoperative peritonitis (POP) is a common surgical complication after bariatric surgery (BS). We assessed the importance of positive fungal cultures in these cases of POP admitted to the intensive care unit. Clinical features and outcome were compared in 25 (41%) Candida-positive patients (6 (22%) fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata) and 36 patients without Candida infection.

Contribution of the low-frequency, loss-of-function p.R270H mutation in FFAR4 (GPR120) to increased fasting plasma glucose levels.

Background: We previously reported that the low-frequency, loss-of-function variant p.R270H in FFAR4 encoding the lipid sensor GPR120 was associated with obesity. Gpr120-deficient mice develop obesity and both impaired fasting glucose and glucose intolerance under a high-fat diet.

Outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary interventions in nonagenarians with acute myocardial infarction.

Background: Few data are available on primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in nonagenarians. In a large prospective registry on pPCI for STEMI we compared the demographics, procedural and in-hospital outcomes between nonagenarians (age ≥ 90 years) and patients aged < 90 years.

Methods And Results: We included 26,157 consecutive patients with pPCI in the Greater Paris Area region between 2003 and 2011.

[Evolution since 2002 of the management of patients with ST elevated acute coronary syndrome (STEMI) in Île-de-France. E-MUST survey].

Introduction: ST-segment-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a therapeutic emergency. Early reperfusion is the key to successful reperfusion. Guidelines recommend organizing regional networks.

Comparison of two strategies for initiating renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (AKIKI).

Background: There is currently no validated strategy for the timing of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) when short-term life-threatening metabolic abnormalities are absent. No adequately powered prospective randomized study has addressed this issue to date. As a result, significant practice heterogeneity exists and may expose patients to either unnecessary hazardous procedures or undue delay in RRT.

[Accreditation of a hygiene hospital laboratory for sampling and analysis activities for the detection and counting of Legionella in water].

Since January 1(st) 2012, detection and counting of Legionella bacteria have been obligatory in France and must be carried out by COFRAC-accredited laboratories. In our establishment, sampling and analysis were outsourced and our hospital was scheduled to move to a new site. We aimed to develop both these activities in-house and to obtain COFRAC accreditation, whilst organizing the move to the new site.

Benefits of cardiac rehabilitation in heart failure patients according to etiology: INCARD French study.

We investigated the impact of heart failure (HF) etiology on the outcome of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) assessed by functional and clinical parameters. Treatment of chronic HF requires multidisciplinary approaches with a recognized role for CR. INCARD is a French study aimed at evaluating the benefits of sustainable CR in coronary (C) and noncoronary patients (NC) treated and educated during a 24-month period of follow-up.

[Eligibility to a Maastricht III - type organ donation according to the protocol proposed by the French organ procurement organization (Agence de la biomedicine) among patients in a medico surgical intensive care unit].

Objective: Because of graft shortages, an experimental programme of organ donation after Maastricht 3-type circulatory death (M3) has been proposed by the French organ procurement organization (Agence de la biomedicine: ABM). The aim of the study was to estimate how many potential patients were eligible for an M3-type organ donation, amongst deceased patients who have had life-support withdrawn.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study looking at the notes of deceased patients in a French general intensive care unit (ICU), where organ donation is arranged in DBD donors.

Can we predict poor hemodynamic tolerance of intermittent hemodialysis with echocardiography in intensive care patients?

Objectives: Tolerance of intermittent hemodialysis is potentially poor for patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit, particularly those in shock. The aim of this study was to determine whether an evaluation of the hemodynamic state by echocardiography before an intermittent hemodialysis session could predict tolerance during the session.

Methods: Before an intermittent hemodialysis session, transesophageal echocardiography was performed on sedated patients, and transthoracic echocardiography was performed on nonsedated patients.

Accuracy of a new patch pump based on a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) compared to other commercially available insulin pumps: results of the first in vitro and in vivo studies.

The JewelPUMP™ (JP) is a new patch pump based on a microelectromechanical system that operates without any plunger. The study aimed to evaluate the infusion accuracy of the JP in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro studies, commercially available pumps meeting the ISO standard were compared to the JP: the MiniMed® Paradigm® 712 (MP), Accu-Chek® Combo (AC), OmniPod® (OP), Animas® Vibe™ (AN).

Microscopic colitis or functional bowel disease with diarrhea: a French prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of a cohort of patients with microscopic colitis (MC; lymphocytic (LC) or collagenous (CC) colitis) and to compare them with patients with functional bowel disorder with diarrhea (FBD-D).

Methods: Between September 2010 and June 2012, patients fulfilling the following inclusion criteria were prospectively included in 26 centers in France: (i) having at least three bowel movements daily with change in stool consistency; (ii) duration of abnormal bowel habit >4 weeks; and (iii) normal or near-normal colonoscopy. Each patient underwent a colonoscopy and colonic biopsies.

Difficult peripheral venous access: clinical evaluation of a catheter inserted with the Seldinger method under ultrasound guidance.

Purpose: A preliminary observational study was undertaken to evaluate the risk of failure of ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheterization of a deep arm vein for a maximum of 7 days, after peripheral intravenous (PIV) cannulation failure.

Methods: This prospective study included patients referred to the intensive care unit for placement of a central line, a polyurethane cannula commercialized for arterial catheterization was used for peripheral venous cannulation. Catheter length and diameter were chosen based on preliminary ultrasound measurements of vein diameter and skin-vein distance.

Physical activity: from epidemiological evidence to individualized patient management.

Background: Physical activity (PA), physical fitness (PF), and even a few sedentary behaviors (SB) are strongly and independently linked to improved survival rate. However, key questions remain: what are the physiological interrelationships between SB, PA, and PF? How should we differently emphasize promoting PA, increasing PF with exercise, and decreasing SB among other prevention measures? What are the interrelationships of both PA and SB levels with drug treatment efficacy?

Methods: To address these questions we developed an integrated patient-centric model combining physiology with epidemiological evidence to characterize the individual risk attached to PA level, PF, and SB. Epidemiological data were collected by extensive literature review.

Evaluation of blind nasotracheal suctioning and non-bronchoscopic mini-bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill patients with infectious pneumonia: a preliminary study.

Background: We evaluated the diagnostic performance and safety of combined blind nasotracheal suctioning and non-bronchoscopic mini-bronchoalveolar lavage (mini-BAL) to obtain respiratory secretion specimens from spontaneously breathing, non-intubated patients with infectious pneumonia in intensive care.

Methods: Patients suspected of having infectious pneumonia were included prospectively. Three samples were obtained: expectorated sputum, nasotracheal suctioning, and mini-BAL via a double telescopic catheter (Combicath).

[Correctional health care].

Court decisions taking away someone's freedom by requiring them to serve a jail sentence should not deny them access to the same health care available to free citizens in full compliance with patient confidentiality. Health institutions, responsible for administering somatic care, offer a comprehensive response to the medical needs of those under justice control, both in jails and conventional care units. For a physician, working in the correctional setting implies accepting its constraints, and violence, and protecting and enforcing fundamental rights, as well as rights to dignity, confidential care and freedom to accept or refuse a treatment.