Use of 1,3-Beta-D-Glucan concentration in peritoneal fluid for the diagnosis of intra-abdominal Candidiasis in Critically-ill patients.

Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis (IAC) is frequent and associated with high mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Antifungal treatments may be overused due to a lack of diagnostic tools to rule out IAC. Serum 1,3-Beta-D-Glucan (BDG) concentrations are used to diagnose Candida infections, its concentration in peritoneal fluid (PF) may help to confirm or invalidate the diagnosis of IAC.

Basic auditory processing and its relationship with symptoms in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review.

Processing of basic auditory features, one of the earliest stages of auditory perception, has been the focus of considerable investigations in schizophrenia. Although numerous studies have shown abnormalities in pitch perception in schizophrenia, other basic auditory features such as intensity, duration, and sound localization have been less explored. Additionally, the relationship between basic auditory features and symptom severity shows inconsistent results, preventing concrete conclusions.

Clinical and pharmacological correlates of caffeine consumption in subjects with schizophrenia - Data from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance worldwide. Previous studies suggested higher caffeine consumption in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) as well as associations with symptoms, medication and medication side-effects. In a large and well-characterized sample of SSD subjects we explored the association between caffeine consumption and clinical (psychosis related, severity, general health) as well as pharmacological (antipsychotic treatment, sedation potential) variables.

Family planning considerations in people with multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is often diagnosed in patients who are planning on having children. Although multiple sclerosis does not negatively influence most pregnancy outcomes, less is known regarding the effects of fetal exposure to novel disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The withdrawal of some DMTs during pregnancy can modify the natural history of multiple sclerosis, resulting in a substantial risk of pregnancy-related relapse and disability.

A meta-analysis of the associations between insufficient sleep duration and antibody response to vaccination.

Vaccination is a major strategy to control a viral pandemic. Simple behavioral interventions that might boost vaccine responses have yet to be identified. We conducted meta-analyses to summarize the evidence linking the amount of sleep obtained in the days surrounding vaccination to antibody response in healthy adults.

Lifespan developmental invariance in memory consolidation: evidence from procedural memory.

Characterizing ontogenetic changes across the lifespan is a crucial tool in understanding neurocognitive functions. While age-related changes in learning and memory functions have been extensively characterized in the past decades, the lifespan trajectory of memory consolidation, a critical function that supports the stabilization and long-term retention of memories, is still poorly understood. Here we focus on this fundamental cognitive function and probe the consolidation of procedural memories that underlie cognitive, motor, and social skills and automatic behaviors.

Immune Profiling Reveals the T-Cell Effect of Ocrelizumab in Early Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: Ocrelizumab (OCR), a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is highly efficient in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS). We assessed early cellular immune profiles and their association with disease activity at treatment start and under therapy, which may provide new clues on the mechanisms of action of OCR and on the disease pathophysiology.

Methods: A first group of 42 patients with an early RR-MS, never exposed to disease-modifying therapy, was included in 11 centers participating to an ancillary study of the ENSEMBLE trial (NCT03085810) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of OCR.

Associations between screen use, outdoor time/daylight exposure and sleep changes during the first COVID-19 lockdown in French children from the ELFE and EPIPAGE2 birth cohorts.

Aims: To investigate associations between outdoor and screen time and changes in sleep patterns in children from two nationwide birth-cohorts in the SAPRIS project.

Methods: During the first French COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, volunteer parents of children enrolled in the ELFE and EPIPAGE2 birth-cohorts completed online questions about their child's outdoor time, screen time, and changes in sleep duration and quality compared with the pre-lockdown situation. In 5700 children (aged 8-9 years, 52% boys) with available data, we assessed associations between outdoor time, screen time, and sleep changes using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for confounders.

Deficiency of the minor spliceosome component U4atac snRNA secondarily results in ciliary defects in human and zebrafish.

In the human genome, about 750 genes contain one intron excised by the minor spliceosome. This spliceosome comprises its own set of snRNAs, among which U4atac. Its noncoding gene, , has been found mutated in Taybi-Linder (TALS/microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type 1), Roifman (RFMN), and Lowry-Wood (LWS) syndromes.

Consonance Perception in Congenital Amusia: Behavioral and Brain Responses to Harmonicity and Beating Cues.

Congenital amusia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in the perception and production of music, including the perception of consonance and dissonance, or the judgment of certain combinations of pitches as more pleasant than others. Two perceptual cues for dissonance are inharmonicity (the lack of a common fundamental frequency between components) and beating (amplitude fluctuations produced by close, interacting frequency components). Amusic individuals have previously been reported to be insensitive to inharmonicity, but to exhibit normal sensitivity to beats.

Manipulating the Rapid Consolidation Periods in a Learning Task Affects General Skills More than Statistical Learning and Changes the Dynamics of Learning.

Memory consolidation processes have traditionally been investigated from the perspective of hours or days. However, recent developments in memory research have shown that memory consolidation processes could occur even within seconds, possibly because of the neural replay of just practiced memory traces during short breaks. Here, we investigate this rapid form of consolidation during statistical learning.

A new tool for the assessment of speech understanding and spatial hearing difficulties in children: the Kid-SSQ questionnaire.

Purpose: To develop and validate a new questionnaire, the Kid-SSQ, for the rapid screening of hearing abilities in children with hearing impairment, aged 7-17 years.

Methods: The questionnaire was constructed from two existing, validated versions of the 'Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing' - (SSQ) questionnaire (pediatric form and adult short-form). The 12 selected items included auditory aspects from three subscales: speech perception, spatial hearing, and qualities of hearing.

Description of an interdisciplinary, holistic cognitive rehabilitation program for adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment after acquired brain injury.

Purpose: Cognitive rehabilitation research has progressed slowly, in part due to incomplete reporting of intervention content and delivery and the difficulties this produces for discerning program effectiveness. This knowledge gap can be reduced by providing detailed intervention descriptions. We document the content/ingredients and therapeutic targets of a cognitive rehabilitation program for adults with mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment.

Effects of discontinuous blue light stimulation on the electrophysiological properties of neurons lacking opsin expression in vitro: Implications for optogenetic experiments.

Neuronal sensitivity to light stimulation can be a significant confounding factor for assays that use light to study neuronal processes, such as optogenetics and fluorescent imaging. While continuous one-photon (1P) blue light stimulation has been shown to be responsible for a decrease in firing activity in several neuronal subtypes, discontinuous 1P blue light stimulation commonly used in optogenetic experiments is supposed to have a negligible action. In the present report, we tested experimentally this theoretical prediction by assessing the effects produced by the most commonly used patterns of discontinuous 1P light stimulation on several electrophysiological parameters in brain slices.

Involvement of the posterior tool processing network during explicit retrieval of action tool and semantic tool knowledge: an fMRI study.

Our ability to understand how to interact with familiar objects is supported by conceptual tool knowledge. Conceptual tool knowledge includes action tool and semantic tool knowledge which are supported by the ventro-dorsal and the ventral pathways, respectively. This apparent functional segregation has been recently called into question.

[Anxiety, depression and coping evolution during the Covid-19 pandemic in older people with psychiatric diseases].

Introduction: Lockdown over the Covid-19 pandemic might have had a major impact on people's mental health. The present longitudinal study was aimed to explore the impact of the two first lockdowns on anxious and depressive symptoms of older subjects suffering from psychiatric disorders and to highlight their strategies to cope with the stress induced by these lockdowns.

Methods: Twenty-one outpatients from psychogeriatric units benefited from a follow-up visit phone.