Opioid misuse in community pharmacy patients with chronic non-cancer pain.

Aims: Community pharmacists could contribute to identify people misusing prescription opioids, which may be associated with hospitalizations, substance use disorders and death. This study investigated prescription opioid misuse in community pharmacy patients and the factors potentially associated with high Prescription Opioid Misuse Index (POMI) scores.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pharmacy students asked patients with opioid prescriptions to fill in a questionnaire (including the POMI) in community pharmacies in a French region, in April 2019.

Involuntary MDMB-4en-PINACA intoxications following cannabis consumption: clinical and analytical findings.

Background And Aims: MDMB-4en-PINACA is a synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA) that has recently emerged. Data regarding clinical presentations in the event of intoxication is scarce. This study presents MDMB-4en-PINACA identification in cannabis consumers with clinical and analytical descriptions.

A 13-Year National Monitoring Study to Assess Narcotic Prescriptions and Indications (2007-2019).

Introduction: Analgesics are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. This study describes the population treated with narcotic analgesics, their therapeutic indications and how the data have evolved over a decade.

Methods: A cross-sectional, national, multicentre survey study was conducted that included surveys taken every year from 2007 to 2019 in a national sample of 1500 randomly selected dispensing pharmacies.

Characterization of benzodiazepine misuse and comorbidities in patients with alcohol use disorder.

Background: Due to the frequent presence of anxious symptoms and sleep disorders, benzodiazepines (BZD) are often prescribed to patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Objectives: To assess BZD misuse and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with AUD.

Methods: This prospective, monocentric study included all adult patients with AUD hospitalized in a French addiction unit for alcohol withdrawal from November 2017 to May 2018.

Mapping of drug-related problems among older adults conciliating medical and pharmaceutical approaches.

Purpose: To lay the fundamentals of drug-related problems (DRPs) in older adults, and to organize them according to a logical process conciliating medical and pharmaceutical approaches, to better identify the causes and consequences of DRPs.

Materials And Methods: A narrative overview.

Results: The causes of DRPs may be intentional or unintentional.

[Substance use among young people: From medicine to illicit substances].

This paper aims to present the main information presented at the 9th meeting about addictovigilance in 2016 by three healthcare professionals and addiction experts on the issue of substance use in young people. The results of surveys conducted in general population and of specific addictovigilance investigations, bring information on consumption data and use patterns in this population of 11-25years of age. The provision of care, mainly constituted by the Young consumers' consultations, has to adapt to diversified practices, ranging from experiment to substance use disorders, which vary over time and often hidden.

Perception of pharmacy students toward opioid-related disorders and roles of community pharmacists: A French nationwide cross-sectional study.

: Community pharmacists are among the frontline health professionals who manage patients with an opioid-related disorder (ORD). Pharmacists frequently have a negative attitude toward these patients, which could have a negative impact on their management. However, education on ORD may improve the attitude of future healthcare professionals.

Suitability of infrared spectroscopy for drug checking in harm reduction centres.

Drug checking is a service for people who use drugs that includes product analysis and an individual interview including results feedback and harm reduction counselling. It uses different analytical methods but few studies demonstrate their value in current practice. The main objective of this work is to compare the analytical performance of IR spectroscopy to laboratory reference method in the context of drug checking in a harm reduction centre.

[Use of synthetic substances in France and in Europe].

This paper aims to present the main information presented at the 9th Meeting about addictovigilance in 2016 by four healthcare professionals and addiction experts on the issue of new psychoactive substance use. A new psychoactive substance (NPS) is defined as a narcotic or psychotropic drug, in pure form or in preparation, that is not controlled by the United Nations drug conventions, but which may pose a public health threat comparable to that posed by substances listed in these conventions. The emergence of NPS consumption is a worldwide concern.

Health consequences of cocaine use in France: data from the French Addictovigilance Network.

As the number and severity of complications related to cocaine use reported to the French Addictovigilance Network have increased, the French health authorities requested a national epidemiologic study of the data collected by this network from 2010 to 2016. For this purpose, the spontaneous reports (SRs) linked to cocaine notified by health professionals were analyzed as well as the data from the pharmacoepidemiological surveys OPPIDUM (observation of illegal drugs and misuse of psychotropic medications) and DRAMES (deaths related to the abuse of licit and illicit psychoactive substances). In total, 1 265 SRs were analyzed (510% increase from 2010 to 2016).

Ten-year trend of opioid and nonopioid analgesic use in the French adult population.

Aims: Analgesics are the most widely used medicines worldwide. In parallel, opioid abuse has increased and is of major concern. The accessibility of pharmacologically powerful medicines and the addictovigilance signals in France about the risk of opiates addiction call for an overview of analgesic use.

[Community pharmacists, students in pharmacy, and requests of codeine-based medicines: Observational study].

Introduction: The case of purple drank motivated a study to investigate the way community pharmacists and students in pharmacy managed, with patients, the abuse risk of non-prescription codeine-based medicines.

Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted, between September and October 2016, within a 170 community pharmacies network of Aquitaine and 437 pharmacy students of Bordeaux university (fourth, fifth and sixth year students, without selection of the pharmacies where they were able to work). It used a common survey questionnaire, which was sent to students through their own "Facebook" (Facebook Inc.

Efficacy of multimodal analgesic treatment of severe traumatic acute pain in mice pretreated with chronic high dose of buprenorphine inducing mechanical allodynia.

Managing severe acute nociceptive pain in buprenorphine-maintained individuals for opioid use disorder management is challenging owing to the high affinity and very slow dissociation of buprenorphine from μ-opioid receptors that hinders the use of full agonist opioid analgesics. In a translational approach, the aim of this study was to use an animal setting to investigate the effects of a chronic high dose of buprenorphine treatment on nociceptive thresholds before and after applying a severe acute nociceptive traumatic surgery stimulus and to screen postoperative pharmacological analgesic strategies. A chronic treatment of mice with a high dose of buprenorphine (BUP HD, 2 × 200 μg/kg/day; i.

[French trends in the misuse of Fentanyl: From 2010 to 2015].

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the French use, misuse and abuse/dependence of non-injectable forms of fentanyl (transdermal and transmucosal fentanyl formulations).

Methods: Problematic use of transdermal and transmucosal fentanyl formulations was evaluated using an approach combining multiple sources of information: (1) spontaneous notifications recorded during 6 years (2010-2015) for transdermal fentanyl form and 3 years for transmucosal fentanyl forms and (2) data from annual epidemiological systematic surveys conducted by the French Addictovigilance Network during 6 years (2010-2015).

Results: In all, 147 cases were notified for transdermal fentanyl formulation and 109 cases for transmucosal fentanyl formulations.

Teaching Basic Knowledge on Substance Use Disorders: The Impact of e-Learning on Health Professionals.

Purpose: Recent evolution toward a medical perspective on patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) has led to a lack of medical training in substance abuse. To increase this knowledge, a distance learning course ("e-learning") was implemented to teach the general concepts of SUDs to medical residents and health professionals before delivering on-campus courses. The purpose was to evaluate the impact on participants' basic knowledge.

[Improve the benefit/risk balance of methadone by respecting its pharmacological specificities].

Recent data on methadone from 2008 to 2017 by the French addictovigilance network warms on the increase of methadone use, its diversion, its increase of overdose risk factors (opioids associated, occasional use) and deaths. Whereas methadone is an essential drug for opioid addiction, its use remains complex because of its pharmacology leading to increase the awareness of health professionals.

High Prevalence of Misuse of Prescribed Opioid Analgesics in Patients with Chronic Non-Cancer Pain.

Opioid analgesic misuse by patients with chronic non-cancer pain is increasing in Western countries. To determine the extent of opioid misuse by patients with chronic non-cancer pain followed at a French pain management clinic. A questionnaire on pain (severity, causes and management) and opioid misuse (based on the 11 DSM-V criteria for substance abuse disorders) was administered by a health professional to patients during a short hospitalization.