The role of the new basal insulin analogs in addressing unmet clinical needs in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Background: Despite improvements in anti-hyperglycemic therapies, there are many unmet clinical needs that hinder successful glycemic control in people being treated with current basal insulin analogs.

Objective: This paper reviews the unmet needs associated with current basal insulin therapy and describes the most recent basal insulins for the treatment of diabetes.

Methods: PubMed was searched for articles on basal insulin analogs published between 2000 and April 2016.

Role of Mediators in Reducing Antepartum Depressive Symptoms in Rural Low-Income Women Receiving a Culturally Tailored Cognitive Behavioral Intervention.

Although cognitive behavioral interventions (CBIs) have demonstrated effectiveness for reducing depressive symptoms in the general population, the mechanism for reducing antepartum depressive symptoms (APDS) in rural low-income and minority women is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that reducing stress and negative thinking, enhancing self-esteem, and increasing social-support will mediate the effect of a CBI on reducing APDS in rural low-income and minority women. Our findings show that CBI may work through reducing stress and negative thinking and enhancing self-esteem, but not social support.

The economic value of INTUITY in aortic valve replacement.

Objective: The recent development of the EDWARDS INTUITY Elite™ (EIE) valve system enables the rapid deployment of a prosthetic surgical heart valve in an aortic valve replacement (AVR) procedure via both the minimally invasive (MISAVR) and conventional (CAVR) approaches. In order to understand its economic value, this study performed a cost evaluation of the EIE valve system used in a MIS rapid-deployment approach (MIS-RDAVR) vs MISAVR and CAVR, respectively, compared to standard prosthetic aortic valves.

Methods: A simulation model was developed using TreeAge (and validated with MS Excel) to compare the inpatient utilization and complication costs for each treatment arm.

Before-School Running/Walking Club and Student Physical Activity Levels: An Efficacy Study.

Purpose: Before-school programs, one of the least studied student-related comprehensive school physical activity program (CSPAP) components, may be a promising strategy to help youth meet the physical activity (PA) guidelines. This study's purpose was to examine: (a) how much PA children accrued during a before-school running/walking club and during the school day, (b) whether children compensated for the PA accumulated in the before-school program by decreasing their school-day PA, and (c) potential sex and body mass index (BMI) differences.

Method: An alternating treatments design with a baseline phase was first conducted at a private school (School A) and was subsequently replicated at a public school (School B).