Participation in physical activity is associated with reduced nocturnal hypoxaemia in males.

Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) interventions reduce the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA); however, little epidemiological research exists to confirm these findings. 789 participants from the population-based Men Androgen Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress (MAILES) Study underwent polysomnography. MVPA was assessed using the Active Australia questionnaire, which was completed when participants were first recruited to the MAILES study (2002-2006), and again in 2010.

The Potential of Integrated Nurse-Led Models to Improve Care for People With Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia are extremely common, debilitating, and costly. Although diagnostic guidelines and effective management options exist, management is suboptimal, with long waiting lists, delayed diagnosis, and poor patient outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to explore and evaluate evidence for existing models of care for functional gastrointestinal disorders.

The prevalence and risk predictors of cesarean scar defect at 6 weeks postpartum in Shanghai, China: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and predictors of cesarean scar defect (CSD) at 6 weeks postpartum in Shanghai, China.

Material And Methods: Women scheduled to receive a cesarean section (CS) were recruited from a university hospital. Surgery-related factors, pregnancy complications, routine examinations, perioperative medications, and physical signs were collected and transvaginal ultrasonography was performed to assess the presence of a CSD at 6 weeks postpartum.

The FOAM study: is Hysterosalpingo foam sonography (HyFoSy) a cost-effective alternative for hysterosalpingography (HSG) in assessing tubal patency in subfertile women? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Tubal pathology is a causative factor in 20% of subfertile couples. Traditionally, tubal testing during fertility work-up is performed by hysterosalpingography (HSG). Hysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy) is a new technique that is thought to have comparable accuracy as HSG, while it is less expensive and more patient friendly.

IVF Transfer of Fresh or Frozen Embryos in Women without Polycystic Ovaries.

Background: Among women who are undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), the transfer of frozen embryos has been shown to result in a higher rate of live birth than the transfer of fresh embryos in those with infertility associated with the polycystic ovary syndrome. It is not known whether frozen-embryo transfer results in similar benefit in women with infertility that is not associated with the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Methods: We randomly assigned 782 infertile women without the polycystic ovary syndrome who were undergoing a first or second IVF cycle to receive either a frozen embryo or a fresh embryo on day 3.

Cost-effectiveness of curettage vs. expectant management in women with an incomplete evacuation after misoprostol treatment for first-trimester miscarriage: a randomized controlled trial and cohort study.

Introduction: Curettage is more effective than expectant management in women with suspected incomplete evacuation after misoprostol treatment for first-trimester miscarriage. The cost-effectiveness of curettage vs. expectant management in this group is unknown.

"Prostate cancer is far more hidden…": Perceptions of stigma, social isolation and help-seeking among men with prostate cancer.

The purpose of this study was to provide in-depth insight into men's experiences of prostate cancer, specifically: perceived stigma and self-blame, social isolation, unmet need and help-seeking. A qualitative descriptive approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 20 men diagnosed with prostate cancer, and thematic analysis was undertaken.

Selective outcome reporting and sponsorship in randomized controlled trials in IVF and ICSI.

Study Question: Are randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on IVF and ICSI subject to selective outcome reporting and is this related to sponsorship?

Summary Answer: There are inconsistencies, independent from sponsorship, in the reporting of primary outcome measures in the majority of IVF and ICSI trials, indicating selective outcome reporting.

What Is Known Already: RCTs are subject to bias at various levels. Of these biases, selective outcome reporting is particularly relevant to IVF and ICSI trials since there is a wide variety of outcome measures to choose from.

Cost-effectiveness of simulation-based team training in obstetric emergencies (TOSTI study).

Objective: Team training is frequently applied in obstetrics. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of obstetric multi-professional team training in a medical simulation centre.

Study Design: We performed a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate four strategies for obstetric team training from a hospital perspective (no training, training without on-site repetition and training with 6 month or 3-6-9 month repetition).

Oil-Based or Water-Based Contrast for Hysterosalpingography in Infertile Women.

Background: Pregnancy rates among infertile women have been reported to increase after hysterosalpingography, but it is unclear whether the type of contrast medium used (oil-based or water-soluble contrast) influences this potential therapeutic effect.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, randomized trial in 27 hospitals in the Netherlands in which infertile women who were undergoing hysterosalpingography were randomly assigned to undergo this procedure with the use of oil-based or water-based contrast. Subsequently, couples received expectant management or the women underwent intrauterine insemination.

Hysteroscopic resection of a uterine caesarean scar defect (niche) in women with postmenstrual spotting: a randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a hysteroscopic niche resection versus no treatment in women with postmenstrual spotting and a uterine caesarean scar defect.

Design: Multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Eleven hospitals collaborating in a consortium for women's health research in the Netherlands.

Effect of nifedipine and atosiban on perinatal brain injury: secondary analysis of the APOSTEL-III trial.

Objective: Brain injury in neonates born prematurely is associated strongly with poor neurodevelopmental outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether tocolysis with nifedipine or atosiban in women with threatened preterm birth can reduce the incidence of overall brain injury in neonates born prematurely.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the APOSTEL-III trial (Dutch Clinical Trial Registry, no.

Anti-Müllerian hormone does not predict time to pregnancy: results of a prospective cohort study.

In order to study whether ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) can predict time to ongoing pregnancy, we conducted a prospective cohort study in a cohort of healthy pregnancy planners. A total of 102 pregnancy planners were followed for 1 year, or until ongoing pregnancy occurred, after cessation of contraceptives). A baseline measurement of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and antral follicle count (AFC) was conducted.

Long-Term Outcomes of Imatinib Treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Imatinib, a selective BCR-ABL1 kinase inhibitor, improved the prognosis for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We conducted efficacy and safety analyses on the basis of more than 10 years of follow-up in patients with CML who were treated with imatinib as initial therapy.

Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial with crossover design, we randomly assigned patients with newly diagnosed CML in the chronic phase to receive either imatinib or interferon alfa plus cytarabine.

MisoREST: Surgical versus expectant management in women with an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for miscarriage: A cohort study.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of curettage versus expectant management in women with an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for first trimester miscarriage.

Study Design: We conducted a multicenter cohort study alongside a randomized clinical trial (RCT) between June 2012 until July 2014. 27 Dutch hospitals participated.

Induction of Labor Using a Foley Catheter or Misoprostol: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Induction of labor is a widely used obstetric intervention, occurring in one in four pregnancies. When the cervix is unfavorable, still many different induction methods are used.

Objective: We compared Foley catheter alone to different misoprostol dosages and administration routes, and the combination of Foley catheter with misoprostol.

Simulation-based team training for multi-professional obstetric care teams to improve patient outcome: a multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether simulation-based obstetric team training in a simulation centre improves patient outcome.

Design: Multicentre, open, cluster randomised controlled trial.

Setting: Obstetric units in the Netherlands.

MisoREST: surgical versus expectant management in women with an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for miscarriage: a randomized controlled trial.

Study Question: Is curettage more effective than expectant management in case of an incomplete evacuation after misoprostol treatment for first trimester miscarriage?

Summary Answer: Curettage leads to a higher chance of complete evacuation but expectant management is successful in at least 76% of women with an incomplete evacuation of the uterus after misoprostol treatment for first trimester miscarriage.

What Is Known Already: In 5-50% of the women treated with misoprostol, there is a suspicion of incomplete evacuation of the uterus on sonography. Although these women generally have minor symptoms, such a finding often leads to additional curettage.

Nifedipine versus placebo in the treatment of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: a randomized controlled trial: Assessment of perinatal outcome by use of tocolysis in early labor-APOSTEL IV trial.

Objective: Preterm birth is the most common cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Around one third of preterm deliveries starts with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). The aim of this trial was to study the effect of prolonged tocolysis with nifedipine versus placebo in women with PPROM on perinatal outcome and prolongation of pregnancy.

The predictive value of quantitative fibronectin testing in combination with cervical length measurement in symptomatic women.

Background: The combination of the qualitative fetal fibronectin test and cervical length measurement has a high negative predictive value for preterm birth within 7 days; however, positive prediction is poor. A new bedside quantitative fetal fibronectin test showed potential additional value over the conventional qualitative test, but there is limited evidence on the combination with cervical length measurement.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare quantitative fetal fibronectin and qualitative fetal fibronectin testing in the prediction of spontaneous preterm birth within 7 days in symptomatic women who undergo cervical length measurement.

Which Factors Contribute to False-Positive, False-Negative, and Invalid Results in Fetal Fibronectin Testing in Women with Symptoms of Preterm Labor?

 We assessed the influence of external factors on false-positive, false-negative, and invalid fibronectin results in the prediction of spontaneous delivery within 7 days.  We studied symptomatic women between 24 and 34 weeks' gestational age. We performed uni- and multivariable logistic regression to estimate the effect of external factors (vaginal soap, digital examination, transvaginal sonography, sexual intercourse, vaginal bleeding) on the risk of false-positive, false-negative, and invalid results, using spontaneous delivery within 7 days as the outcome.

Labour pain with remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia versus epidural analgesia: a randomised equivalence trial.

Objective: To distinguish satisfaction with pain relief using remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia (RPCA) compared with epidural analgesia (EA) in low-risk labouring women.

Design: Randomised controlled equivalence trial.

Setting: Eighteen midwifery practices and six hospitals in the Netherlands.

Does measurement of intrauterine pressure have predictive value during oxytocin-augmented labor?

Objective: In a previous randomized trial that compared monitoring uterine contractions with an intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC) versus external monitoring, we demonstrated that use of an IUPC did not improve the outcome of labor. To provide insight in the lack of a positive effect, we evaluated level of IUP in Montevideo units (MU) in correlation with dysfunctional labor and adverse neonatal outcome.

Study Design: Here, we present two secondary analyses on the 503 women who had IUP measured in the trial.